实验性脑脓肿影像学改变的病理基础研究

目的：明确不同时期动物脑脓肿的影像学特征及其相应的病理学改变。方法：制备脑脓肿狗动物模型１４只，采用ＣＴ、ＭＲＩ检查结合多项病理学观测进行动态分析。结果：脑炎期ＭＲＩ对炎症坏死区及水肿范围的显示较ＣＴ扫描更为清晰准确。包膜形成期：ＣＴ上脑脓肿包膜强化是炎症区血脑屏障破坏和新生血管形成所致；ＭＲＩＴ２加权成像上包膜的低信号“暗带”与包膜上的巨噬细胞堆积有关，延迟扫描和ＭＲＩ均能有效地区分脑脓肿的急性脑炎期和包膜形成期，但ＭＲＩ更加准确、迅速。结论：脑脓肿的ＭＲＩ特征与其临床分期及病理学变化的相关性较好，能更加准确、简便、迅速地区别脓肿的脑炎期和包膜形成期，可作为临床诊治脑脓肿的有力参考。     

黄连与黄芩、甘草配伍前后对金黄色葡萄球菌生长抑制作用的观察

以ＭＩＣ相对值为指标，观察黄连、黄芩、甘草煎液单味或不同比例配伍后对金黄色葡萄球菌生长的抑制作用。结果显示：黄连与黄芩配伍，黄芩的抑菌作用有所降低，但黄连则未见降低；黄芩多于黄连时，黄连的抑菌作用似有增强。黄连与甘草配伍，无论比例如何，配伍后的抑菌作用均呈降低趋势。当三药同时配伍时，黄连、甘草的抑菌作用不变，或反增强，只有黄芩的抑菌作用有减弱趋势。黄连与黄芩、甘草两两配伍，单独使用时，其抑菌作用似不如组成三药配伍。其机制值得进一步研究。     

穴位注射加贴敷治疗乳腺增生的临床研究

97例患者随机分为穴位注射组 (31例 )、穴位贴敷组 (35例 )、穴位注射加贴敷组 (31例 )进行临床观察。结果穴位注射组与穴位贴敷组疗效相似 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,而穴位注射加贴敷组疗效明显优于单纯穴位注射组及穴位贴敷组 (P<0 .0 5 )。由此说明 ,穴位注射加贴敷这一综合疗法治疗乳腺增生病具有效佳、副作用小、取穴少、疗程短等优点。此外还证实这一疗法对卵巢激素有一定的影响。     

叶绿素光敏剂光动力疗法预防浸润性膀胱癌术后复发的临床研究

目的：为评价叶绿素光敏剂光动力疗法（ＣＰＤ_４－ＰＤＴ）预防浸润性膀胱癌术后复发的疗效。方法：３２例浸润性膀胱癌术后患者接受叶绿素光敏剂光动力疗法，并均接受随访。结果： Ｔ_２期组与 Ｔ_３期组复发率无显著性差异（ ４２．１％和 ６９．２％， Ｐ＞ ０．０５）。单发肿瘤与多发肿瘤复发率亦无显著性差异（４４．４％和 ６４．３％，Ｐ＞０．０５）。Ｔ２期和Ｔ３期组患者无瘤生存时间（月）分别为１９．８０±１４．８０和２２．６７±１９．７２（Ｐ＞０．０５）。病理分级为Ⅰ级与Ⅱ、Ⅲ级组的复发率（０和６６．７％，）有明显差异（Ｐ＜０．００１）。结论：叶绿素光敏剂光动力疗法是一种安全有效地预防膀胱肿瘤术后复发的手段之一。     

腰突定痛贴治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效观察

为了进一步观察腰突定痛贴外贴治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效，以壮骨关节膏为对照，将２００例患者均分为两组，在同等条件下进行１个月的治疗观察，分别记录两组患者症状、体征、Ｘ线片及ＣＴ、ＭＲＩ治疗前后的变化情况，进行对比分析。结果显示，观察组治愈率４１％，总有效率９４％；对照组治愈率５％，总有效率８２％。两组疗效比较，观察组优于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。说明腰突定痛贴治疗腰椎间盘突出症有确切的疗效     

肺气肿外科治疗的历史

为了探索治疗肺气肿的有效手术方法。人们在过去的一个世纪中付出了巨大的努力。回顾肺气肿外科治疗的发展历史,大致可分为早期探索,肺移植,肺减容术三个阶段。其中８０年代的肺移植术和９０年代发展的肺减容术被认为是治疗终末期气肿的最有效疗法。尤其是肺减术的应用为广大肺气肿患者的治疗提供了新希望。     

Construction and analysis of three-dimensional graphic model of single-chain Fv derived from an anti-human placental acidic isoferritin monoclonal antibody by computer

As a 24--iner consisting of different proportions of two main subunit types, named L and H,ferritin is a protein involved in iron storage. Inmammalian tissues, ferritin exists in differentmolecular forms (isoferritins )LI,2]. Previous studies showed that the acidic isoform of ferritin existing in the placenta, fetal tissues and malignant tissues was abnormally increased in the sera of patients with malignancies as well as in pregnantwomen at risk of having small--for--gestational ageinfants[3…     

The contribution of mild and moderate preterm birth to infant mortality. Fetal and Infant Health Study Group of the Canadian Perinatal Surveillance System

CONTEXT: The World Health Organization defines preterm birth as birth at less than 37 completed gestational weeks, but most studies have focused on very preterm infants (birth at <32 weeks) because of their high risk of mortality and serious morbidity. However, infants born at 32 through 36 weeks are more common and their public health impact has not been well studied. OBJECTIVE: To assess the quantitative contribution of mild (birth at 34-36 gestational weeks) and moderate (birth at 32-33 gestational weeks) preterm birth to infant mortality. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Population-based cohort study using linked singleton live birth-infant death cohort files for US birth cohorts for 1985 and 1995 and Canadian birth cohorts (excluding Ontario) for 1985-1987 and 1992-1994. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Relative risks (RRs) and etiologic fractions (EFs) for overall and cause-specific early neonatal (age 0-6 days), late neonatal (age 7-27 days), postneonatal (age 28-364 days), and total infant death among mild and moderate preterm births vs term births (at >/=37 gestational weeks). RESULTS: Relative risks for infant death from all causes among singletons born at 32 through 33 gestational weeks were 6.6 (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.1-7.0) in the United States in 1995 and 15.2 (95% CI, 13.2-17.5) in Canada in 1992-1994; among singletons born at 34 through 36 gestational weeks, the RRs were 2.9 (95% CI, 2.8-3.0) and 4.5 (95% CI, 4.0-5.0), respectively. Corresponding EFs were 3.2% and 4.8%, respectively, at 32 through 33 gestational weeks and 6.3% and 8.0%, respectively, at 34 through 36 gestational weeks; the sum of the EFs for births at 32 through 33 and 34 through 36 gestational weeks exceeded those for births at 28 through 31 gestational weeks. Substantial RRs were observed overall for the neonatal (eg, for early neonatal deaths, 14.6 and 33.0 for US and Canadian infants, respectively, born at 32-33 gestational weeks; EFs, 3.6% and and 6. 2% for US and Canadian infants, respectively) and postneonatal (RRs, 2.1-3.8 and 3.0-7.0 for US and Canadian infants, respectively, born at 32-36 gestational weeks; EFs, 2.7%-5.8% and 3.0%-7.0% for the same groups, respectively) periods and for death due to asphyxia, infection, sudden infant death syndrome, and external causes. Except for a reduction in the RR and EF for neonatal mortality due to infection, the patterns have changed little since 1985 in either country. CONCLUSIONS: Mild- and moderate-preterm birth infants are at high RR for death during infancy and are responsible for an important fraction of infant deaths. JAMA. 2000;284:843-849     

正常成人嗓音频谱分析

为探讨不同性别及不同年龄阶段我国正常成人嗓音的声学特征,应用计算机频谱分析技术对145例18～80岁正常人的嗓音进行声学参数检测.结果表明:各年龄段男女基频(F_0),第二、三共振峰(F_2、F_3),频率微扰商(FPQ)以及中、青年男女间振幅微扰商(APQ)有显著性差异,男性振幅微扰商(APQ)随年龄增长而下降,六十岁以后又明显升高,老年男性基频(F_0)明显升高而老年女性基频(F_0)则明显下降.本研究可为临床嗓音的分析评估提供客观的方法和依据.     

痉挛性发音障碍与声带麻痹的关系

目的 探索痉挛性发音障碍与声带麻痹发病关系。方法 用肌电图仪测定喉内肌电位，用电视闪光放大喉镜录像观察声带运动状态，将声带麻痹程度分为轻、中、重三度。结果１９８３￣１９９４年１２月中遇到轻、中、重声带麻醉１３００例，在１３００例中伴有痉挛性发音障碍者５例；其中重度和中度声带麻痹者各１例，轻度者３例。结论 通过５例的观察，发现声带麻痹的进行或治愈过程中皆可出现痉挛性发音障碍，考虑此５例为喉周围神经器