缺血性脑卒中病人院前发病过程应对轨迹的质性研究

目的 明确缺血性脑卒中病人和家属院前发病的应对过程,解明其应对规律和影响因素,为构建全面的脑卒中院前干预方案提供科学依据.方法 通过半结构式访谈收集10例个案资料,运用扎根理论研究方法进行资料分析.结果 缺血性脑卒中病人和家属院前发病过程经历了四个阶段,即识别阶段、反应阶段、警觉阶段和行动阶段.结论 健康教育人员应当结合缺血性脑卒中病人和家属院前应对的整个过程,构建全面的、综合性的干预措施.     

聚合酶链反应检测细菌16SrRNA基因

根据细菌１６ＳｒＲＮＡ基因的高度保守性,设计合成所有细菌,革兰氏阳性细菌及革兰氏阴性细菌的共同引物,采用聚合酶链反应检测已知细菌１３株,三对引物分别扩增的阳性率为１００％,倍比稀释法能检出细菌浓度为４ＣＦＵ．ｍｌ＾－１,同时检测临床样本４０份,阳性率为６７．５％,同期细菌培养阳性率为４５％,二者比较差异有显著性。     

脂糖舒对正常和糖尿病小鼠胃肠推进运动的影响

目的：探讨脂糖舒对正常小鼠和糖尿病小鼠胃肠推进运动功能的影响及其作用机制。方法：采用正常小鼠和四氧嘧啶糖尿病模型小鼠整体胃排空试验和小肠推进试验,测定脂糖舒对两种不同状况下小鼠胃内残留率和小肠推进率,并将这些指标分别与乙酰胆碱、新斯的明和阿托品三药物比较。结果：脂糖舒除对正常小鼠胃排空无明显影响外（P＞0.05）,对糖尿病小鼠的胃排空和对正常小鼠及糖尿病小鼠的小肠推进都有明显促进作用（P＜0.01）。结论：脂糖舒有一定的胃肠推进运动作用,其作用机制似乙酰胆碱或新斯的明。     

Identifying c-fos Expression as a Strategy to Investigate the Actions of General Anesthetics on the Central Nervous System

Although general anesthetics have been used in the clinic for more than 170 years, the ways in which they induce amnesia, unconsciousness, analgesia, and immobility remain elusive. Modulations of various neural nuclei and circuits are involved in the actions of general anesthetics. The expression of the immediate-early gene c-fos and its nuclear product, c-fos protein, can be induced by neuronal depolarization; therefore, c-fos staining is commonly used to identify the activated neurons during sleep and/or wakefulness, as well as in various physiological conditions in the central nervous system. Identifying c-fos expression is also a direct and convenient method to explore the effects of general anesthetics on the activity of neural nuclei and circuits. Using c-fos staining, general anesthetics have been found to interact with sleep- and wakefulness-promoting systems throughout the brain, which may explain their ability to induce unconsciousness and emergence from general anesthesia. This review summarizes the actions of general anesthetics on neural nuclei and circuits based on a c-fos expression.     

双入路小切口坏死组织清除术联合持续灌注引流治疗感染性坏死性胰腺炎的临床疗效

目的:探讨双入路小切口坏死组织清除术联合持续灌注引流治疗感染性坏死性胰腺炎（INP）的临床疗效。方法:采用回顾性描述性研究方法。收集2016年4月至2019年7月陆军军医大学大坪医院收治的20例INP病人的临床资料;男11例,女9例;年龄为（42 ±9）岁。20例病人均行双入路小切口坏死组织清除术,联合术后...     

赴泰国旅客旅行健康知识及行为调查分析

目的了解石家庄机场赴泰国旅客对当地高发传染病的认知现状和个人防护能力情况,为制定高风险航线往来旅客的风险分析方案提供依据。方法采取随机抽样方法,对由石家庄机场赴泰国游的旅客在知情同意的情况下进行面对面的问卷调查,所有资料录入Excel后采用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计分析。结果回收的503份有效调查问卷中,本科学历、收入中等偏上、第一次出境旅游的中青年人群为主体,具有目前出境游人群的代表性;有效问卷中,65.8%的人选择通过旅行社了解赴泰国旅行注意事项;大多数旅客集中选择泰国是"登革热"(42.5%)和"疟疾"(25.2%)的流行区域,而选择"痢疾"和"霍乱"的只占14.1%和11.9%;58.1%的旅客出境前未接种过任何疫苗;23.7%旅客不知道应该到哪里进行旅行前的健康咨询,13.1%不清楚归国后如有发热、皮疹等传染病症状该如何就医。结论评价口岸传染病防控能力现状,逐步构建主动型卫生检疫查验系统;完善风险评估机制,有针对性地对重点航班和人群采取多举措宣教以提升防病意识;应多部门联合持续加强出入境人员的传染病宣教、监测和防控工作。     

Human influenza A (H5N1) cases, urban areas of People's Republic of China, 2005-2006

We investigated potential sources of infection for 6 confirmed influenza A (H5N1) patients who resided in urban areas of People's Republic of China. None had known exposure to sick poultry or poultry that died from illness, but all had visited wet poultry markets before illness.     

辽宁省家蝇抗药性研究

目的：了解辽宁省家蝇对常用杀虫剂的抗药性状况。方法：常规点滴法。结果：在供试的４种杀虫剂中,以溴氰菊酯的抗药性最为突出,４地家蝇对该杀虫剂的抗性系数分别为１１８．３、５９．７、３４和１２．８;以下依次为顺式氯氰菊酯、二氯苯醚菊酯和敌敌畏,抗性系数分别为３８．２、２８．７、２４．５、１４．２和４８．７、２９．２、２１．４、１４．８以及２６．６、２２．５、２０．７、１６．８。结论：４地家蝇对供试的４种     

Effects of an Amino Acid-Based Formula Supplemented with Two Human Milk Oligosaccharides on Growth,Tolerability, Safety,and Gut Microbiome in Infants with Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy

This open-label, non-randomized, multicenter trial (Registration: {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT 03661736","term_id":"NCT03661736"}}NCT 03661736) aimed to assess if an amino acid-based formula (AAF) supplemented with two human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) supports normal growth and is well tolerated in infants with a cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA). Term infants aged 1–8 months with moderate-to-severe CMPA were enrolled. The study formula was an AAF supplemented with 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL) and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT). Infants were fed the study formula for 4 months and were offered to remain on the formula until 12 months of age. Tolerance and safety were assessed throughout the trial. Out of 32 infants (mean age 18.6 weeks; 20 (62.5%) male), 29 completed the trial. During the 4-month principal study period, the mean weight-for-age Z score (WAZ) increased from –0.31 at the baseline to +0.28 at the 4-months’ follow-up. Linear and head growth also progressed along the WHO child growth reference, with a similar small upward trend. The formula was well tolerated and had an excellent safety profile. When comparing the microbiome at the baseline to the subsequent visits, there was a significant on-treatment enrichment in HMO-utilizing bifidobacteria, which was associated with a significant increase in fecal short-chain fatty acids. In addition, we observed a significant reduction in the abundance of fecal Proteobacteria, suggesting that the HMO-supplemented study formula partially corrected the gut microbial dysbiosis in infants with CMPA.     

Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Improvement with Prebiotics: Histological Evaluation of Longish Glucomannan Hydrolysates-Induced Innate T Lymphocyte Activities in Mice

Use of prebiotics is a growing topic in healthcare. A lightweight molecule and water-soluble fiber ingredient, longish glucomannan hydrolysates (LGH), has been developed to improve the intestinal mucosal barrier and confer gut health benefits. This study aims to investigate the implications of continuous LGH intervening in intestinal epithelium integrity and protective immunity against chemical dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. Twelve male BALB/c mice were randomly arranged into four groups. The LGH/DSS group had results in bodyweight variance, epithelial cell density, and aberrancy score as good as the LGH group, and both were equivalent to the control group. LGH consumption effectively protects the distal intestinal epithelium by activating innate T lymphocytes. Meanwhile, T-cell subsets in subepithelial interspersion take a bystander role in these microenvironmental alterations. Under this stress, the cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3)⁺ T cells infiltrate the epithelium, while CD4⁺ T cells inversely appear in submucosal large lymphoid aggregates/isolated lymphoid follicles (ILFs) in which significant CD3⁺, CD4⁺, and CD8⁺ T-cell populations agglomerate. Moreover, forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) and interleukin 17 (IL-17) are observed in these ILFs. Agglomerated CD4⁺ T-cell lineages may have roles with proinflammatory T helper 17 cells and anti-inflammatory regulatory T cells in balancing responses to intraluminal antigens. Collectively, LGH administration may function in immune modulation to protect against DSS-induced inflammation.