Messenger-rnas for activin and activin receptors are expressed in fetal bovine heart endothelial-cells

Inhibin and activin, members of transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) superfamily, have been localized immunohistochemically in fetal bovine heart endothelial cells (FBHE), suggesting that these cells produce inhibin/activin proteins. In addition, the mRNAs coding for alpha-, and beta A-subunits of inhibin/activin, and activin receptor II were expressed in these cells by in situ hybridization technique. It is concluded that inhibin/activin and activin receptor are expressed in FBHE and activin may have autocrine functions in these cells.     

Comparison of culture and rapid enzyme immunoassay for the detection of group B streptococcus in high-risk pregnancies

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Equate Strep B(R) test for clinical use in patients at high risk for complications from group B streptococcus (GBS) disease.Methods: Vaginoperineal swabs were obtained from patients with preterm premature rupture of the membranes and/or preterm labor and semiquantitative GBS cultures and Equate(R) assay were performed.Results: From May 14, 1990, to April 30, 1992, 650 patients were enrolled; 626 had both culture and Equate(R) results available, of whom 24% were colonized with GBS. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the rapid assay were 28%, 84%, 35%, and 79%, respectively. Although the prevalence of GBS was higher in patients with ruptured membranes compared with those with intact membranes, rupture of membranes did not affect test sensitivity or specificity.Conclusions: We conclude that the Equate(R) rapid assay is not a sensitive method of GBS detection in high-risk patients.     

职业人群不健康行为生活方式与高尿酸血症的关系及高血压、血脂异常的效应修饰作用

目的 探索不健康行为生活方式与高尿酸血症的关系,以及高血压、血脂异常的效应修饰作用,为预防高尿酸血症提供理论依据。方法 采用横断面调查研究设计,基于2021年10-12月来自四川省、贵州省28个地级市和重庆市33个区（县）中国铁路成都局集团有限公司的西南职业人群队列基线数据,通过问卷调查、体格测量及实验室生化检测收集研究对象的人口学特征、行为生活方式、慢性非传染性疾病患病情况。不健康行为生活方式得分根据吸烟、饮酒、膳食模式、体力活动和低体重/超重状况进行评分,分值越高不健康行为生活方式越多。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析不健康行为生活方式评分、吸烟状况、饮酒状况等与高尿酸血症的关系,采用分层分析探索高血压等疾病对不健康行为生活方式与高尿酸血症之间关系的修饰效应。结果 共纳入11 748名研究对象,高尿酸血症患病率为34.4%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,现在吸/既往吸烟、现在饮/既往饮酒及BMI异常是高尿酸血症患病的危险因素,不健康行为生活方式对高尿酸血症患病风险呈现累积效应,随着得分的升高,高尿酸血症患病风险升高,OR值由1.64（95%CI：1.34~2.00）上升至2.89（95%CI：2.39~3.50）。分层分析结果显示,在高血压及血脂异常人群中,不健康行为生活方式对高尿酸血症患病风险影响更大。结论 多种不健康行为生活方式的共存会升高高尿酸血症患病风险,这一效应在高血压、血脂异常人群中更明显。及时纠正不健康行为生活方式,并控制高血压和血脂异常,降低患高尿酸血症的风险。     

贵州省1990～1997年麻疹流行病学分析

对贵州省1990～1997年麻疹的流行病学及接种率与发病率的关系进行了系统分析,结果显示：90年代本省麻疹发病率仍停留在较高水平上,下降幅度较慢,每隔4～5年出现一次流行;发病地区分布广泛（91．24％）,但主要流行区为山区和边远少数民族地区;发病季节高峰期延长,2-7月病例数占66．67％;发病年龄以14岁以下儿童为主（86．56％）,但7岁以下儿童占多数（59．02％）．麻疹流行的原因主要是因常规免疫工作不扎实,麻疹疫苗（MV）接种率偏低,免疫空白点较多,引起易感人群的快速积累．提示我省麻疹的预防工作仍处于控制阶段,必须狠抓MV免疫接种工作,确保MV的高接种率和免疫成功率,适时开展MV强化免疫,才能使麻疹发病率快速下降,保证我省麻疹监测工作的顺利开展．     

乙肝血清标记物阳性孕妇的胎盘组织和PBMC的HBVDNA检测及意义

为探讨乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）宫内感染的机理,本文采用原位分子杂交技术,测定了20份外周血HBsAg/HBeAg双阳孕妇胎盘组织和24份HBsAg阳性孕妇外周血单核细胞（PBMC）的HBV DNA,结果发现,胎盘组织HBV DNA均阳性;HBV DNA主要分布于胎盘蜕膜,而绒毛滋养层细胞未见阳性,提示HBV已侵袭胎盘蜕膜,且可能在蜕膜细胞中有复制,但未累及绒毛,PBM HBV DNA测定结果表明,HBV DNA阳性率为58．3％（14／24）,阳性的孕妇中,有2例其婴儿发生了宫内感染。     

儿童肥胖与高血压关系的研究

目的了解儿童肥胖与高血压的关系.方法运用病例对照研究的方法,在包头市小学生中对161对单纯性肥胖儿童及其相应对照进行了研究.结果单纯性肥胖儿童的收缩压、舒张压和高血压患病率均显著高于对照组.肥胖儿童中,肥胖程度越重,高血压患病率越高.结论在儿童时期,预防、控制肥胖是降低高血压及心血管疾病发生的重要措施.     

Peer review and performance improvement in a radiation oncology clinic

A program was implemented in the Radiation Oncology Division at Naval Medical Center San Diego to document baselines for process improvement and fairly assess physician supervisory performance for recredentialing. This program was based on criteria established by the American College of Radiology (ACR). In addition to weekly chart rounds with peer review of films and charts while patients are on treatment, a new mechanism of peer review post-therapy was instituted. All patients completing therapy have this peer review prior to final disposition of their charts. Data are now readily available for physician recredentialing. Further, several points of inconsistent chart documentation have been identified and remedied. This mechanism is a simple and efficient way to ensure continuing patient care within ACR standards.     

内窥镜十二指肠乳头切开术的应用解剖

目的：为临床经内窥镜十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术（Ｅｎｄｏｓｃｏｐｉｃｓｐｈｉｎｃｔｅｒｏｔｏｍｙ,ＥＳＴ）提供形态学的依据。方法：３０例正常成人腹部标本,解剖观测胆总管、胰管、肝胰壶腹和乳头区长度、宽度,胆总管与胰管的夹角,肝胰壶腹区的血管分布。结果：肝胰壶腹及十二指肠乳头区的营养动脉平均为２．１支,均来源于胰十二指肠上动脉、胰十二指肠下动脉,其中肝胰壶腹区及十二指肠乳头区９～１２点钟处营养动脉的出现率为４６．１％（２９支）。测量胆总管、胰管、壶腹末端的长度分别为３２．１±８．９ｍｍ、９．９±３．９ｍｍ、１２．８±２．９ｍｍ;宽度分别为７．２±２．２ｍｍ、３．１±０．６ｍｍ、７．１±１．４ｍｍ。胆总管和胰管间的夹角７０％为２０°至４５°,平均３５．４°。结论：本实验的结果为临床在ＥＳＴ中选择切开部位和切开的深度等提供了理论依据,对防止术后并发症具有重要的临床意义。