我国较贫困地区农村学龄前儿童膳食状况

对１９８５～１９８９年７省较贫困的１８个乡农村儿童膳食调查资料采用平均摄入量、临界值及概率法进行了总结分析。结果表明，６～２４月龄母乳喂养儿的辅食品种单一，数量不足。断奶儿童各年龄组热能、蛋白质摄入量的平均值分别达ＲＤＡ的９２％～１０４％和７６％～８４％，但以ＲＤＡ为界值，仍有５３％～６２％及７４％～８５％的儿童热能、蛋白质摄入量低，用概率法分析蛋白质、钙、维生素Ａ、Ｂ２、Ｃ及铁摄入不足的人数比例分别是５０％～６０％、９３％～９７％、５１％～８７％、７４％～８６％、５８％～６６％和１２％～４７％。热能、蛋白质摄入量低于ＲＤＡ值儿童的身高、体重明显低于摄入量高于ＲＤＡ值的儿童。     

国人自体头发移植术的研究

自１９８８年９月至１９９２年１２月，共已施行９８０次自体头皮打孔皮片头发移植术，主要用于供区发源充沛的脂溢性秃发和瘢痕性秃发者３９５例。根据国人的头发数量较白种人约少１／３，毛干呈直线型，以及头发与头皮色泽反差大等特点，采用了Ｌ形排列移植、圆皮片间插入半圆皮片，术后头皮文身及烫发等相应措施以提高疗效，并认为成人秃发适宜头发移植，而儿童则更适宜头皮扩张术。     

Detection of mutations in the p53 gene in human head and neck carcinomas by single strand conformation polymorphism analysis.

Using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis, we have examined the highly conserved regions of the p53 gene in 58 biopsy samples of head and neck tumors. Mutations were found in 13/58 (23%) tumor specimens, but not in 6 normal tissues. Ten of 13 mutations were due to single base changes and the remaining 3 were 1- or 8-base deletion mutants. These mutations were clustered in exons 5 and 7 and resulted in amino acid changes. Our results seem to indicate that mutations in the p53 gene contribute to a significant number of cases of the head and neck tumors including 20% of nasopharyngeal carcinoma biopsies. The relationship of Epstein-Barr virus or human papillomavirus and p53 gene mutations in this group of cancers was also analyzed and discussed.     

山西省卫Ⅳ项目地区农民因病致贫研究

目的 研究项目地区农民因病致贫严重程度及预防措施。方法 利用扩展线性支出系统界定贫困标准，观察因病致贫率并研究因病致贫人群特点。结果 农民因病致贫率3．44％，因病致贫人群收入低，健康状况差，馒性病患病率高。2周就诊和年住院率高，年家庭医疗费用支出远高于对照人群。结论 通过住院医疗保险和慢性病防治措施缓解农民因病致贫。     

椎板后移回植的椎管扩大术治疗椎管狭窄症

作者报告棘突劈开、椎板后移回植的椎管扩大术治疗椎管狭窄症１８２例，使椎管容积扩大３４．８％，横径扩大３．８ｍｍ，矢径扩大６．１ｍｍ。随访２年９个月，优良率８６．６％，椎板愈合率９６．９％。本文探讨少数椎板迟延愈合的原因和预防措施，如斜切椎板、缝合固定和腰背筋膜与棘上韧带悬吊缝合等。术后卧床１０～１２周，用石膏型保护。作者认为本法能有效的预防术后脊柱不稳，顽固性腰痛等并发症。     

帕金森氏病和肌营养不良症（Erb型）中线粒体DNA的部分缺失

用ＰＣＲ技术对１２例神经肌肉性疾病患者的１６个标本进行了线粒体ＤＮＡ缺失情况的研究。发现２例帕金森氏病患者的肌肉组织以及其中１例的外周血和另１例肌营养不良（Ｅｒｂ型）患者的肌肉组织中线粒体ＤＮＡ至少有５２６ｂｐ的缺失。还对线粒体ＤＮＡ的部分缺失与疾病发生的关系进行了讨论。     

不同类型氧化型脂蛋白对血管内皮细胞、单核细胞NFκB和PPARs的作用

目的：探讨不同类型氧化型脂蛋白作用后内皮细胞、单核细胞NFkB、IL-6表达的差异，细胞核转录因子PPARα、PPARγ、NFκB活化程度的不同。方法：超速密度梯度离心分离人血清脂蛋白，体外Cu^ 2介导氧化；人脐静脉内皮细胞的原代培养以及THP-1细胞株培养：免疫组织化学、胞浆抗原FITC标记流式细胞仪法检测不同类型氧化型脂蛋白对内皮细胞、单核细胞NFκB表达的影响，ELISA法检测上清液IL-6的表达：氧化型脂蛋白对PPARα、PPARγ、NFκB活化后，核移位率的比较。结果：Lp(a)、LDL、VLDL及HDL在相同氧化条件下，对内皮细胞、单核细胞NFκB的“核移位”作用及IL-6的表达均有差异，oxLp(a)作用最强ooxLp(a)和oxLDL对内皮细胞、单核细胞NFκB的活化程度大于PPARα和PPARγ，随作用时间而增强。结论：不同类型的氧化型脂蛋白对细胞核转录因子、炎性因子的激活强度各异。氧化型脂蛋白对核转录因子PPARα、PPARγ、NFκB的活化程度不一致。     

泪腺肿瘤中P53蛋白表达的意义

目的了解P53基因在泪腺肿瘤的表达及其临床病理学意义。方法应用免疫组织化学ABC法检测57例泪腺上皮性肿瘤患者和10例正常人泪腺组织中P53蛋白的表达情况，并与病理分级、复发相联系。结果10例正常人泪腺组织中P53表达全部为阴性；恶性肿瘤患者的表达率为48．6％，良性肿瘤中P53达率为18％，二者相比有显著性差异（P＜0．025）；复发患者阳性率为76．9％，明显高于未复发患为31．8％（P＝0．015）。结论P53基因参与了泪腺肿瘤的发生发展并与肿瘤的分化和复发有关。     

Ca-mediated stimulation of Cl secretion by reactive oxygen metabolites in human colonic T84 cells.

Monochloramine (NH2Cl), a granulocyte-derived reactive oxygen metabolite (ROM), increases short-circuit current (Isc) in cultured T84 monolayers in a concentration-dependent manner up to nonlethal concentrations of 75 microM. Isc increases slowly after NH2Cl, reaching a peak value of 18 +/- 2 microA/cm2 20 min after addition. The Isc changes are persistent (lasting over 20-30 min), depend on medium Cl, and are inhibitable with bumetanide. 36Cl flux studies demonstrated that NH2Cl increases serosa-to-mucosa flux of Cl without changing mucosa-to-serosa flux, consistent with stimulation of electrogenic Cl secretion. Isc responses to NH2Cl, but not PGE2, are dependent on medium calcium. As demonstrated in fura-2-loaded T84 cells, NH2Cl increases free cytosolic calcium by influx of extracellular Ca2+ and by release of Ca2+ from endogenous stores. However, NH2Cl had no effect on phosphatidylinositol metabolism or cyclic nucleotide levels. We conclude that ROM directly stimulate electrolyte secretion, an effect in part mediated by increases in cytosolic Ca2+, possibly through increasing Ca2+ permeability of cellular membranes.