Inverted U-Shaped Associations between Glycemic Indices and Serum Uric Acid Levels in the General Chinese Population: Findings from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) Study

Objective The relationship between serum uric acid(SUA)levels and glycemic indices,including plasma glucose(FPG),2-hour postload glucose(2 h-PG),and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1 c),remains inconclusive.We aimed to explore the associations between glycemic indices and SUA levels in the general Chinese population.Methods The current study was a cross-sectional analysis using the first follow-up survey data from The China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort Study.A total of 105,922 community-dwelling adults aged≥40 years underwent the oral glucose tolerance test and uric acid assessment.The nonlinear relationships between glycemic indices and SUA levels were explored using generalized additive models.Results A total of 30,941 men and 62,361 women were eligible for the current analysis.Generalized additive models verified the inverted U-shaped association between glycemic indices and SUA levels,but with different inflection points in men and women.The thresholds for FPG,2 h-PG,and HbA1 c for men and women were 6.5/8.0 mmol/L,11.0/14.0 mmol/L,and 6.1/6.5,respectively(SUA levels increased with increasing glycemic indices before the inflection points and then eventually decreased with further increases in the glycemic indices).Conclusion An inverted U-shaped association was observed between major glycemic indices and uric acid levels in both sexes,while the inflection points were reached earlier in men than in women.     

A Risk Prediction Model for Ischemic Stroke in Southern Chinese Population: Impact of Multiple Genetic Variants and Clinical/Lifestyle Factors

With a global prevalence of 7.7 million, ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. In China, IS alone contributed to 69.6％? of stroke events and accounted for 37.1％? of the mortality/disability rate[1]. IS is a complex disease that is known to be associated?with?various?genetic?variants?and?clinical and lifestyle risk factors[2]. Genome -wide association studies (GWAS) provided evidence for the?occurrence?of?more?than?160?IS-associated?single nucleotide?polymorphisms?(SNPs).?In?terms?of?clinical risk factors, patients with a history of chronic diseases like hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus, display a higher risk of developing IS. Among the various lifestyle components, leading a sedentary lifestyle, smoking, and having an unhealthy diet are known to be associated with the risk of IS. Thus, integration of various genetic, clinical, and lifestyle variables might prove to be highly beneficial in the prediction and prevention of IS?at?the?individual?level[3].     

免疫效应细胞增殖与细胞毒性功能检测3种方法的比较

目的：对比研究用于检测免疫效应细胞增殖与细胞毒功能的方法。方法：分别采用CCK?8法、EdU标记法、CFSE标记法检测不同培养条件下NK92细胞增殖［组1：100 U/mL白细胞介素（interleukin,IL）?2;组2：100 U/mL IL?2+10 U/mL IL?15］。用乳酸脱氢酶（lactate dehydrogenase,LDH）释放法、活细胞染料双标流式法、荧光素酶法检测两组NK92对K562细胞的杀伤。结果：CCK?8法检测结果提示组2增殖能力强于组1,但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,而EdU和CFSE标记法均提示两组间增殖能力有显著差异（P＜0.05）。活细胞染料双标流式法与荧光素酶法均能够检测出不同效靶比下两组NK92细胞毒功能的差异（P＜0.05）,LDH释放法在低效靶比下未检测出两组细胞毒性的差异（P＞0.05）。以双标流式法的检测值为标准参照,荧光素酶法和LDH释放法的检测值与其呈显著相关性（rS=0.979 4,P＜0.001;rS=0.973 2,P＜0.001）。结论：CCK?8法更侧重于检测代谢活性,EdU和CFSE标记法更适用于悬浮类免疫细胞的增殖检测。3种细胞毒功能检测具有一致性,活细胞染料双标流式法适合检测对悬浮类靶细胞的杀伤,荧光素酶法比LDH释放法更适用于检测对贴壁细胞的杀伤作用。     

《黄帝内经》"手"相关术语研究

"手"是人体四肢部位的核心概念,"手"相关术语是人体术语的重要组成部分.本研究在术语学视角下,检讨《黄帝内经》中与"手"相关的术语,选取"腕骨"等17个术语加以考辨.部分术语仍属于专业术语,保留在中医学专业词汇中,可归入"纯术语"中,如"锐骨""本节"等.部分则进入普通词汇,已经渗透到人们的生活中,逐渐和一般词汇相融合,成为"一般术语"或"准术语",如"鱼际""小指"等.研究肢体类术语可以丰富人体术语系统,为准确地描写和阐释中医术语提供借鉴,同时对大型辞书编纂和中医标准化系统建设提供用例补充.     

两种浓度亚甲蓝注射液治疗老年人肛瘘切除术后疼痛的临床结局比较

背景 亚甲蓝作为长效镇痛剂被广泛应用于肛肠疾病中,然而关于亚甲蓝对老年肛瘘患者术后镇痛效果及肛门功能影响的研究报道甚少.目的 观察两种浓度亚甲蓝注射液对老年人肛瘘切除术后的镇痛效果.方法 选取2012年3月-2020年12月就诊于解放军总医院第一医学中心中医肛肠科的60岁以上肛瘘切除术后老年患者80例,按随机数字表法分为0.1％亚甲蓝注射液组和0.05％亚甲蓝注射液组,每组40例,患者术毕创面分别予以0.1％和0.05％亚甲蓝注射液封闭注射,观察不同时间点两组疼痛、创缘水肿、肛门坠胀、尿潴留、创面愈合时间、肛门失禁及其他不良反应.结果 0.05％亚甲蓝注射液组术后1个月肛门失禁Wexner评分低于0.1％亚甲蓝注射液组[Md(IQR):2.00(2.00,3.00)vs 3.00(2.00,4.00),P=0.009];术后3个月两组Wexner评分均降为0,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组术后1 d、3 d、7 d疼痛、创缘水肿、肛门坠胀及术后尿潴留、创面愈合时间均无统计学差异(P均>0.05).结论 0.1％浓度亚甲蓝注射液与0.05％浓度亚甲蓝注射液对老年人肛瘘切除术后镇痛效果相当,但0.05％浓度亚甲蓝注射液对肛门功能的影响小,术后药物性肛门失禁风险低.     

主流式CO2浓度检测模块研制

介绍了一种主流式的CO2浓度检测模块的研制。该模块采用非分光红外方法（Non-Dispersive Infra-Red，NDIR）实现信号的提取，结构为主流式的一体化检测室设计，利用多种补偿算法提高检测精度，可实现呼吸CO2浓度，呼吸率等参数的连续检测。     

Role of surgery in the treatment of patients with high-risk neuroblastoma who have a poor response to induction chemotherapy

Background

In instances of high-risk neuroblastoma that do not show a clinical response to induction therapy, whether it is worth performing surgical resection or not and whether gross total resection (GTR) is more important than subtotal resection (STR) remain controversial.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with stage 4 neuroblastoma aged 18 months or older at diagnosis. Primary tumor volumes were measured both at diagnosis and at the first tumor response evaluation (after 6 cycles of induction chemotherapy). If the tumor volume at the first response evaluation was > 50% of the initial tumor volume, the patient was categorized as a poor responder. Otherwise, the patient was categorized as a good responder. Only poor responders were included. Patients were evaluated for event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), and complications of surgery based on extent of surgical intervention.

Results

Sixty-five patients were included in this study. The 41 patients who underwent surgical intervention had a higher 3-year OS than the 24 patients who had a biopsy only (55.4% ± 8.1% vs. 31.3% ± 10.2%, P = 0.02). However, there was limited improvement in 3-year EFS following surgical intervention. Three-year EFS rates of BX group (biopsy only) and OP group (surgical resection) were 24.2% ± 9.3% and 37.7% ± 7.9%, respectively (P = 0.063). The extent of resection had no impact on 3-year OS (P = 0.631) and 3-year EFS (P = 0.796). Patients in the GTR group trended to have more severe surgical complications than patients in the STR group (P = 0.105).

Conclusions

For high-risk neuroblastomas that do not show a clinical response to induction therapy, surgical resection is important in predicting outcome, but the extent of resection is not.     

我国腹腔镜D2 淋巴结清扫术联合远端胃癌切除术治疗进展期远端胃癌安全性和疗效的系统评价

目的 系统评价我国腹腔镜D2淋巴结清扫术联合远端胃癌切除术治疗进展期远端胃癌的有效性和安全性。方法 计算机检索PubMed数据库、Cochrane图书馆、中国科学引文数据库（China science citation database,CSCD）、万方数据库（Wanfang）、中文科技期刊数据库（China science and technology journal database,CSTJ）、中国生物医学文献数据库（China biomedical literature database,CBM）和中国学术期刊网络出版总库（China academic journal network publishing database,CAJD）数据库,检索时限均从建库至2013年6月。采用Review Manager 5.2软件进行Meta分析。结果 最终纳入了7个临床随机对照试验,共548例进展期胃癌患者。Meta分析结果显示：与传统开放式远端胃癌切除术（CODG）相比,腹腔镜辅助远端胃癌切除术 （LADG）的术中出血量少（MD =-94.02,95% CI：-140.96～-47.07）、术后住院时间短（MD =-3.66,95% CI：-5.76～-1.57）、术后下床活动时间早（MD =-1.95,95% CI：-2.74～-1.17）、肛门排气时间早（MD =-1.67,95% CI：-2.05～-1.30）、总并发症发生率低（OR=0.26,95% CI：0.14～0.51）,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.050）,但LADG组的手术时间长于CODG组（MD =35.01,95% CI：10.41～59.61,P=0.005）。2组间淋巴结清扫数量比较差异无统计学意义 （MD =-0.24,95% CI：-0.99～0.51,P=0.530）。结论 LADG的近期疗效及安全性均优于传统CODG,但其手术时间长,远期疗效尚需进一步探究。