颌面、咽腔气道形态与颈椎姿势的相关性分析

目的：研究颌面及咽腔气道形态、位置与颈椎姿势的相关性。方法：随机选取81名16－26岁的年轻人，男性44名，女性37名，拍摄自然头位生，进行头影测量分析并对33项测量数据进行统计，分析。结果：（1）男女性别在头位变量上无显著差异；（2）SNA，SNB，SN／MP、N－S－PNS，NSU，NSGn,ANS-PNS-Gn,NSH等变量与头位变量间有显著的相关性。（3）相对于FH／VER，OPT／VER，CVT／VER面部形态结构与FH／OPT、FH／CVT相关性较大；（4）在面部结构与FH／OPT、FH／CVT的相关性上，下颌骨大于上颌骨，矢状向大于垂直向，相对于“S”点大于相对于“N”点。结论：颈核姿势与咽腔气道，以及与咽腔气道形态和位置有密切关系的颌骨位置呈较明显的相关性，颌面形态通过改变咽腔气道的位置及形态而与一定的颈椎姿势相联系。     

口腔正畸学七年制教学方案的研究

该研究首先分析了当前口腔七年制正畸学教学的现状,然后总结出一套切实可行又适应七年制学员特点的教学方案.实践证明该教学方案能够提高学员学习兴趣,帮助学员更好的理解正畸理论知识,提高学员分析问题,解决问题的能力,取得了较好的教学效果.     

Reliability of quantitative laser fluorescence analysis of smooth surface lesions adjacent to the gingival tissues

The aim of this study was to determine the impact of analysis patch border inclusion or exclusion on the reliability of quantitative laser fluorescence (QLF) analyses of lesions close to the gingival margin. Ninety-three lesions on the maxillary anterior teeth were imaged using a fluorescent capturing system. All the lesions were located on the gingival third of the teeth. One examiner undertook two analyses of the images 1 week apart and another examiner undertook a single analysis. Analyses were undertaken using QLF 2.00 g with four patch borders. Each border was assessed as active or inactive. QLF metrics DeltaF, DeltaQ and area were exported. Kappa statistics were used to measure the agreement of border inclusion between all three analyses, and intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to determine the intra- and inter-examiner reliability of the QLF metrics. Agreement on border exclusion was poor; with intra-examiner kappa of 0.48 and inter-examiner at 0.20. However, despite the inconsistencies in border exclusions the ICCs for each QLF metric were high; intra-examiner DeltaQ 0.91, DeltaF 0.80 and area 0.92; inter-examiner DeltaQ 0.86, DeltaF 0.68, area 0.88. Lesions adjacent to the gingival margin will often require a patch analysis border to be excluded in order to ensure a satisfactory reconstruction and thus accurate analysis. The decision to include or exclude a border and, if excluded, which border to select appears to be highly variable between examiners. Nevertheless, the QLF metrics appear to be robust as demonstrated by the high ICCs noted in this study.     

暂时冠桥修复材料聚合过程中髓腔内温度变化的体外研究

目的:体外测量6种暂时冠桥修复材料直接法制作暂时修复体时牙髓腔内温度的变化。方法:选取1个健康的人离体下颌第三磨牙,标准全冠预备后,将一热电偶置入髓腔,另一端与一电子温度计相连,将4种Bis-acryl复合树脂(Protemp3Garant、Luxatemp、ProtempⅡ和Fast-Temp)和2种聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯树脂(Quick Resin和Curefast)分别按照使用说明混合后,填入预先准备的硅橡胶印模中,在基牙上复位,记录实验材料聚合过程中髓腔内的温度变化。结果:ProtempⅡ组髓腔最大升温值(3.8℃)低于Protemp3Garant组(4.6℃)、Luxatemp组(4.8℃)和Fast-Temp组(4.8℃),有显著性差异(P<0.05),后三组之间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。4种Bis-acryl复合树脂最大升温值又显著低于QuickResin组(9.1℃)和Curefast组(8.7℃)(P<0.05),QuickResin和Curefast之间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:4种Bis-acryl复合树脂聚合过程中髓腔升温低于两种聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯树脂,适合直接法制作暂时修复体。     

茶多酚对+Gz过载的颞下颌关节影响分析

目的：观察茶多酚对持续性高正加速度（＋Gz）加载颞下颌关节的影响。方法：雄性Wistar大鼠随机分成5个不同处理条件的实验组，每组12只。A组为空白对照。B组地面固定5min。C 固定于离心机转臂上，俯卧位，头向轴向，＋Gz离心5min。D组体位同C组，＋10Gz离心30s，间隔时＋1Gz离心60s，连续每天5次，每周4天，共3周，E组实验参数同D组，并于＋Gz离心前1h灌胃给予茶多酚（200mg.kg^-1)，其余各组给予等量蒸馏水，通过光镜，扫描和透射电镜观察比较组颞下颌关节的组织形态学变化情况，结果：A、B、C三组颞下颌关节未见异常；D组颞下颌关节表面凝胶状物质缺失，胶原纤维断裂，成纤维细胞线粒体变性；E组颞下颌关节表面凝胶状物质变薄但完整，胶原纤维断裂，成纤维细胞线粒体较正常，结论：茶多酚能在一定程度上保护凝胶状物质和成纤维细胞来对抗持续性高正加速度对颞下颌关节的损伤。     

大鼠正畸牙齿移动过程中牙周组织超微结构的改变

目的：研究正畸牙齿移动过程中牙周组织超微结构的改变情况。方法：施加外力使大鼠上颌第一磨牙向近中移动后，处死大鼠制备第一磨牙标本，进行透射电镜观察。结果：大鼠受正畸力作用后，组织各种生理、病理反应更加明显，压力侧破骨细胞增多，线粒体、溶酶体增多，高尔基体发达，成纤维细胞排列紊乱、变性、萎缩甚至坏死。张力侧成骨细胞、成纤维细胞的胞浆内高尔基体、内质网丰富，分泌功能旺盛。结论：正畸力引起牙周组织细胞功能的旺盛，改建活跃。     

髁突形态与骨性Ⅲ类不同垂直骨面型患者生长发育的相关性

目的:探讨髁突形态与骨性Ⅲ类不同垂直骨面型患者生长发育的关系。方法:采用计算机辅助X线头影测量技术,对不同年龄组骨性Ⅲ类不同垂直骨面型患者的全口曲面断层片进行测量,比较各组间髁突形态特点。结果:高角患者中:升支高度(RH)值在不同年龄段均有显著性差异(P<0.001),成人组>青少年组>儿童组(P<0.05);髁突上部高度(h)值、h/RH值、H/W值在不同年龄组中有显著性差异(P<0.05),且成人组分别大于青少年组和儿童组。均角患者中:h值、RH值均有显著性差异(P<0.001),且成人组分别大于青少年组和儿童组;h/RH值、H/W值在各年龄段间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。低角患者中:h值、RH值在各组中均有显著性差异(P<0.001),且成人组分别大于青少年组和儿童组;h/RH值在各年龄段间无统计学差异(P>0.05);H/W值在不同年龄组间有显著性差异(P<0.01),且儿童组和成人组分别大于青少年组。结论:髁突形态在骨性Ⅲ类不同垂直骨面型患者生长发育过程中存在差异,这可能与他们不同的生长型有关。     

腭裂患者喉塞音的声学特征初探

目的:探讨腭裂患者喉塞音的声学特征。方法:检测存在病理性喉塞音的男性腭裂患儿及正常男性儿童各20名发含口塞音的语句时的语图,观察患者喉塞音声学特征并与正常对照组相比较。结果:腭裂患者喉塞音出现与原塞音的伴随情况不同,可以表现出包括冲直条、嗓音起始时间(VOT)、共振峰转接、冲直条频谱等各种声学指标的异常。结论:塞音的声学特征复杂,应该结合语图形态及各参数的数值共同诊断。     

副神经的解剖特点及其损伤在临床中的意义

副神经作为胸锁乳突肌、斜方肌等的支配神经,在颈肩运动中起重要作用,其解剖特点对颈淋巴清除、神经修复等临床手术有指导作用。下面就副神经的解剖特点、副神经损伤在临床中的意义作一综述。     

Immunohistochemical demonstration of the plasminogen activator system in human gingival tissues and gingival fibroblasts

The relative distribution of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA), tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 (PAI-2) was studied in cultured human gingival fibroblasts, healthy gingival tissues and inflamed gingival tissues by immunohistochemistry. In cultured gingival fibroblasts t-PA, u-PA and PAI-1 were expressed in cytoplasm; u-PA and PAI-1 were more intensely stained than t-PA; PAI-2 was not detectable in gingival fibroblasts. Following interleukin 1β (IL-1β) stimulation, the intensity of intracellular staining for t-PA was increased and a number of cells staining strongly for PAI-2 were seen; no difference in the intensity of immunostaining level was noted for the expression of u-PA and PAI-1 between IL-1β stimulated cells and unstimulated cells. In healthy gingival tissues, u-PA and PAI-1 displayed a wide distribution throughout all the connective tissue and epithelium; t-PA localized mainly in the connective tissue while PAI-2 showed little association with the connective tissue but did faintly stain in the epithelial layer. In inflamed gingival tissues, staining for t-PA was significantly increased in the extracellular matrix of the connective tissue, whereas staining for u-PA, PAT-I and PAI-2 was found to be slightly increased, but no significant difference was noted for staining when compared with the healthy gingival tissues. A granular distribution of t-PA, u-PA, PAI-1 and PAI-2 was noted around areas of inflammatory cell infiltration. These immunohistochemical findings indicate that the plasminogen activator system produced by fibroblasts may be influenced by the presence of the inflammatory mediator IL-1β. In addition, the significant increase of t-PA in inflamed connective tissue and the wide expression of these components around inflamed cells may contribute to connective tissue degradation and may relate to the migration and localization of monocytes/macrophages in inflamed tissue.