A set of SNPs near or within STR regions useful for discriminating native Lake Biwa and introduced “Eurasian” strains of common carp

We present a set of nuclear DNA SNPs useful for discriminating native Lake Biwa and introduced ??Eurasian?? strains of common carp, and further, for detecting their hybridization. Such SNPs were searched around short tandem repeat (STR) regions to be used later as HapSTR markers. A total of 62 microsatellite locus were screened with PCR and direct sequencing. The resultant nucleotide sequences from typical Lake Biwa (n?=?30) and ??Eurasian?? (n?=?24) specimens indicated that a total of 21 SNPs distributed across 7 loci would be useful for the above-mentioned purpose. All of the SNPs can be genotyped by direct sequencing, simultaneously with STR polymorphisms.     

Malignant Hypertension with an Unusual Presentation Mimicking the Immune Mediated Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

A 27-year-old man presented at the emergency room with hemoptysis. His blood pressure was 180/100 mm Hg, and he had no history of hypertension. Chest radiographs showed bilateral infiltration, suggestive of alveolar hemorrhage. His laboratory data were consistent with acute kidney injury. His serum creatinine level increased abruptly; therefore, renal biopsy was performed. Steroid pulse therapy was administered because of a strong suspicion of immune-mediated pulmonary renal syndrome. Renal biopsy showed proliferative endarteritis, fibrinoid necrosis, and intraluminal thrombi in the vessels without crescent formation or necrotizing lesions. Steroid pulse therapy rapidly tapered and stopped. His serum creatinine level gradually decreased with strict blood pressure control. Ten months after discharge, his blood pressure was approximately 120/80 mm Hg with a serum creatinine level of 1.98 mg/dL. Pulmonary renal syndrome is generally caused by an immune-mediated mechanism. However, malignant hypertension accompanying renal insufficiency and heart dysfunction causing end-organ damage can create a pulmonary hemorrhage, similar to pulmonary renal syndrome caused by an immune-mediated mechanism. The present case shows that hypertension, a common disease, can possibly cause pulmonary renal syndrome, a rare condition.     

基于网络药理学的藏药二十五味肺病丸防治新冠病毒肺炎(COVID-19)可行性分析及机制探讨＊

目的 采用网络药理学方法探究藏药二十五味肺病丸防治新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19 ）的可行性分析及机制探讨。方法 基于课题组藏药大复方的研究经验，通过文献调研，筛选出二十五味肺病丸专属性、特征性化合物，并通过Chemical book数据库以及TCMSP数据库进行验证，确定二十五味肺病丸有效物质成分。将筛选出的成分通过Swiss Target Prediction数据库进行靶点筛选，进而运用Cytoscape软件构建药物-化合物-靶点（基因）网络进行可视化。运用CTD数据库查询与疾病COVID-19 相关的靶点，找出与二十五味肺病丸共有的靶点，将共有基因导入STRING数据库生成蛋白互作网络，并通过DAVID数据库进行KEGG通路富集分析和GO功能富集分析，预测藏药二十五味肺病丸的作用机制。结果 经筛选藏药二十五味肺病丸中檀香、悬钩木、山柰、红花、獐牙菜、甘草、藏木香、宽筋藤等19种药材被纳入到研究中。药材-化合物-靶点网络包含了19种药材，38个化合物和相应靶点419个。通过CTD数据库查询到COVID-19 疾病相关靶点基因472个，与二十五味肺病丸共有靶点基因77个，分别为ESR1、NOS2、PPARG、PTGS2、PPARA、HMGCR、CYP17A1、NR1H4、TLR9等。通过网络拓扑和蛋白互作网络分析筛选出关键靶点涉及PTGS2、ESR1、AKT1、EGFR等。GO功能富集分析得到339条生物过程条目（BP），45条细胞组成条目（CC）和81条分子功能条目（MF）。KEGG通路富集分析筛选得到102条信号通路，包括小细胞肺癌、非小细胞肺癌、膀胱癌、甲型流感、胰腺癌、T细胞受体信号通路等。结论 二十五味肺病丸可能通过作用于PTGS2、ESR1、AKT1、EGFR相关靶点并通过相关肺病通路、炎症通路、免疫通路对COVID-19起到防治作用。     

吸入伊洛前列素对初入高海拔地区青年血流动力学的影响

目的探讨雾化吸入伊洛前列素溶液对初入高海拔地区青年血流动力学的影响。方法将32名受试者随机分为伊洛前列素组(n=16)和对照组(n=16),自海拔1 400 m历时5 d进入5 200 m,从进入海拔5 200 m当天开始,伊洛前列素组4次/d雾化吸入伊洛前列素溶液,连续5 d。对照组用同样的方法吸入生理盐水。于吸入伊洛前列素溶液第5天,用XG-Ⅲ型血液循环功能自动测试仪检测两组受试者的血流动力学。结果伊洛前列素组较对照组P、TPR、ALT、η、BK、PAWP、CCP降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);SV、MAP、BV增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在高原雾化吸入伊洛前列素溶液对初入高海拔地区青年血流动力学有明显的改善作用。     

艾灸对动脉粥样硬化小鼠炎性反应因子及MMP-9的实验研究

目的:观察艾灸对Apo E~(-/-)小鼠主动脉内肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)及基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)的影响,并从抑制炎性反应,稳定动脉粥样硬化斑块等角度探讨艾灸在防治动脉粥样硬化中的机制。方法:将48只采用高脂饮食喂养的载脂蛋白E基因敲除小鼠(Apo E~(-/-)小鼠)作为动脉粥样硬化模型,并随机分为3组:艾灸组,模型组,药物对照组。并将16只同龄相同遗传背景的C57BL/6小鼠作为空白对照组。空白组、模型组小鼠每天常规抓取、固定,并放置假艾灸装置。艾灸组小鼠每天抓取固定,并艾灸膻中穴。药物组小鼠每天采用辛伐他汀0.28 mg/100 g灌胃,所有干预20 min/d,6 d/周,干预14周后牺牲,取材检测。Elisa法测定主动脉内TNF-α、IL-10、MMP-9的含量。油红"O"染色观察胸主动脉病理改变。结果:1)与模型组相比,艾灸组,药物组小鼠主动脉内TNF-α、MMP-9含量明显降低(P0.05),艾灸组,药物组之间无明显差异;与模型组相比,药物组IL-10水平明显升高有统计学意义(P0.05),艾灸组小鼠主动脉内IL-10呈升高趋势,但无统计学意义。2)胸主动脉病理改变:与空白组相比,模型组胸主动脉可见明显的AS斑块,内膜破坏,中膜增厚,平滑肌细胞破坏变性,管腔变狭窄。相比于模型组,艾灸组及药物组主动脉病变明显减轻。结论:1)艾灸可以有效缓解动脉粥样硬化病变,抑制动脉粥样硬化斑块生长;2)艾灸可以抑制体内炎性反应,并具有稳定斑块的作用     

Excessive TV watching in patients with frontotemporal dementia

The “environmental dependency syndrome” refers to a loss of personal autonomy such that a person’s environment almost entirely controls their actions. The goal of this study is to learn if patients with frontotemporal degeneration (FTD) exhibit prolonged TV watching, a behavior which may be a symptom of environmental dependency. We recruited 40 patients with FTD and 48 patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and asked these participants’ caregivers about TV watching behaviors including total viewing time and channel/show preference, along with other behaviors indicative of environmental dependency. Compared to AD patients, FTD patients watched TV for a longer time. In addition, the patients who watched more TV showed more signs of environmental dependency. Increased TV watching may be a sign of environmental dependency, however further research is needed to explore other hypotheses.