Neuropeptide Y gene transfection inhibits post-epileptic hippocampal synaptic reconstruction

Exogenous neuropeptide Y has antiepileptic effects; however, the underlying mechanism and optimal administration method for neuropeptide Y are still unresolved. Previous studies have used intracerebroventricular injection of neuropeptide Y into animal models of epilepsy. In this study, a recombinant adeno-associated virus expression vector carrying the neuropeptide Y gene was injected into the lateral ventricle of rats, while the ipsilateral hippocampus was injected with kainic acid to establish the epileptic model. After transfection of neuropeptide Y gene, mossy fiber sprouting in the hippocampal CA3 region of epileptic rats was significantly suppressed, hippocampal synaptophysin (p38) mRNA and protein expression were inhibited, and epileptic seizures were reduced. These experimental findings indicate that a recombinant adeno-associated virus expression vector carrying the neuropeptide Y gene reduces mossy fiber sprouting and inhibits abnormal synaptophysin expression, thereby suppressing post-epileptic synaptic reconstruction.     

Compliance to the CONSORT statement of randomized controlled trials in solid organ transplantation: a 3‐year overview

The Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement was developed to improve the reporting quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Our primary aim was to assess to what extent reports of RCTs in solid organ transplantation adhere to the 2010 CONSORT statement. Secondly, we investigated the relationship between CONSORT adherence, methodological quality and some other factors. We included 290 RCTs that were published between 2007 and 2009. We examined to what extent trial reports complied with 30 items of the CONSORT statement. Methodological quality was evaluated using the Jadad scale plus allocation concealment and whether data analysis was by randomized group (intention to treat). On average, trial reports addressed 47% of the CONSORT items. Forty‐three per cent of RCTs was considered to be of good quality according to Jadad scale, and the items allocation concealment and data analysis were satisfied in approximately one‐third of trials. Good quality RCTs reported on more CONSORT items than poor quality trials. The methodological quality and adherence to the CONSORT statement of RCTs published in journals that endorse the CONSORT statement was superior to those in journals without CONSORT endorsement. Overall compliance with the CONSORT statement and the methodological quality of RCTs in organ transplantation remains unsatisfactory.     

关于医疗器械软件变更监管要求探讨

由于医疗器械软件的特殊性，在产品注册后变更相对频繁，但现在对于医疗器械软件变更的监管要求尚未能充分考虑这种情况，应进一步科学合理设置相应监管要求。本文针对业内人士所关注焦点，分析了医疗器械软件变更类型划分原则，并基于相关变更类型划分，探讨了医疗器械软件变更的监管要求，最后提出了相关工作建议。     

Trends of robotic-assisted surgery for thyroid,colorectal, stomach and hepatopancreaticobiliary cancer: 10 year Korea trend investigation

BackgroundThe current position of robotic surgery in the field of minimally invasive surgery remains ambiguous. We evaluated long-term trends of robotic general surgery and the future direction of its development.MethodsData on robotic cancer surgeries between 2005 and 2014 were retrospectively collected by volunteer institutions in the Republic of Korea. Spearman's correlation and logistic regression analyses were used to compare robotic and laparoscopic surgery trends in general surgery.ResultsThe odds that robotic surgery was performed instead of laparoscopic surgery significantly decreased in the fields of colorectal, stomach, and hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery (odds ratio [OR]: 0.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.93–0.97; OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.88–0.92; and OR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.65–0.78, respectively), except for thyroid surgery (OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.25–1.30). Of the total numbers of each procedure, proportions of robotic intersphincteric resections, abdominoperineal resections, and pylorus-preserving surgery performed significantly increased (r = 0.98, P < .001; r = 0.78, P = .01; and r = 0.86, P = .007, respectively).ConclusionsThe use of robotic surgery failed to preponderate that of laparoscopic surgery, except for thyroid surgery. Robotic surgery is increasingly preferred for limited fields or complex surgeries, but the use of robotics in simple surgeries has decreased.     

中老年房间隔缺损的心脏CT与经食管超声评估对比研究

目的:探讨心脏CT血管成像(CTA)在评估房间隔缺损(ASD)方面的精确性及对介入治疗的指导价值。方法:回顾性分析已行ASD封堵术或手术修补的中老年患者63例资料,男性18例,女性45例,年龄50~77岁,平均(56.9±5.8)岁,患者均于术前行经胸超声(TTE)和经食管超声(TEE)检查,并常规行CTA检查以除外冠心病。在GE工作站上行ASD三维(3D)重建,以CT横断面辅助测量技术(CTAS)测量缺损大小及边缘长度,与TTE及TEE对比,并总结其他重要影像学表现。结果:在缺损大小方面,CTA与TTE及TEE分别相差约4.48(3.28~5.76)mm和1.98(0.94~3.03)mm;CTA与TTE及TEE之间有良好的相关性,且与后者相关性最强;在房间隔长度及缺损边缘方面,除下腔侧边缘外,CTA及TEE测量值均差异无统计学意义;CTA所测下腔侧边缘长度较TEE测量值约>2.2(1.35~3.08)mm;15例患者因CTA提供重要解剖信息而改变治疗方案,其中13例患者行外科手术治疗,2例于介入封堵ASD同时行冠状动脉成形及支架置入术。结论:对于拟行ASD封堵术的中老年患者,术前心脏CT检查可准确测量缺损大小及边缘长度,且在评估下腔侧边缘方面可能优于TEE。     

Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm complicating a ruptured isolated congenital diverticulum

We report a case of 41-year-old woman who presented with chest tightness and shortness of breath. Transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) showed left ventricular (LV) pseudoaneurysm of the inferior wall with preserved LV systolic function. Coronary angiogram was normal. Surgical repair of the pseudoaneurysm with a pericardial patch was performed, and pathological results confirmed rupture of an isolated congenital LV diverticulum, as the most likely etiology.