地佐辛联合右美托咪定降低肠道术后腹腔热灌注化疗不良反应的研究

目的 对地佐辛联合右美托咪定在降低肠道术后腹腔热灌注化疗（HIPEC）不良反应中的作用进行研究分析，为临床应用提供参考。方法 80例肠道肿瘤术后接受HIPEC患者，根据不同的镇静镇痛治疗方法分为干预组及常规组，干预组患者在常规镇静镇痛的基础上，HIPEC前10 min给予患者地佐辛5 mg肌内注射、生理盐水48 mL+右美托咪定200 μg以0.3 μg/（kg·h）持续泵入直至HIPEC结束，比较2组患者在HIPEC中不良反应发生的情况。结果2组进行对比发现，干预组患者在HIPEC过程中的心率［（83.34±8.25）次/min vs.（90.11±10.69）次/min］、体温［（37.33±0.42）℃ vs（. 37.95±0.51）℃］均较常规组降低，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）；同时干预组的恶心呕吐、疼痛、烦躁等不良反应发生率均低于常规组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 地佐辛联合右美托咪定用于肠道术后腹腔热灌注化疗能明显降低患者不良反应的发生。     

Quantitative Ultrasound Imaging to Assess the Biceps Brachii Muscle in Chronic Post-Stroke Spasticity: Preliminary Observation

We prospectively investigated the feasibility of using quantitative ultrasound imaging (QUI) to assess the biceps brachii muscle (BBM) in individuals with chronic post-stroke spasticity. To quantify muscle echogenicity and stiffness, we measured QUI parameters (gray-scale pixel value and shear wave velocity [SWV, m/s]) of the BBM in three groups: 16 healthy BBMs; 12 post-stroke, non-spastic BBMs; and 12 post-stroke, spastic BBMs. The QUI results were compared with the Modified Ashworth Scale and Tardieu Scale. A total of 20 SWVs were measured in each BBM, once at elbow in 90° flexion and again at maximally achievable extension using acoustic radiation force impulse imaging. BBM pixel value was measured in gray-scale images captured at 90° elbow flexion using ImageJ software. Statistical analyses included analysis of variance for examining the difference in SWV and pixel values among the three groups; Bonferroni correction for testing the difference in SWV and pixel values in a paired group; t-test for examining the difference in SWV values measured at two elbow angles; and Pearson correlation coefficient for analyzing the correlation of QUI to Modified Ashworth Scale and Tardieu Scale. SWV significantly differed between spastic BBMs and non-spastic or healthy BBMs. For pixel values, each of the three groups significantly differed from the others at elbow 90° flexion. The difference in SWV measured between the two elbow angles was also significant (p?<0.01). A strong negative correlation was found between SWV and passive range of motion (R²?=??0.88, p?<0.0001) in spastic upper limbs. These results suggest that the use of QUI is feasible in quantitative assessment of spastic BBM.     

56例缺血性结肠炎临床回顾分析

目的 探讨缺血性结肠炎的临床特点、内镜特征及诊断和治疗方法.方法 对56例缺血性结肠炎患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 缺血性结肠炎多发生于老年患者,男女比例为1∶1.8.多伴有糖尿病（53.6％,30/56）、高血压（39.3％,22/56）、冠心病（32.1％,18/56）等基础疾病.腹痛（100.0％,56/56）及便血（89.3％,50/56）为主要临床表现.结肠镜检查以黏膜充血、水肿、糜烂、溃疡等非特异性表现为主,病变主要见于左半结肠,呈节段性分布.多数患者预后良好.结论 老年患者出现急性腹痛和便血时应警惕缺血性结肠炎可能,早期结肠镜检查可及时明确诊断和指导治疗.