奥卡西平对癫癎患儿外周血MDR1表达的影响

目的通过比较奥卡西平(oxcarbazepine,OXC)和卡马西平(carbamazepine,CBZ)对癫癎患儿外周血多药耐药基因1(MDR1)表达的影响,初步探讨长期应用OXC治疗癫癎对患儿外周血MDR1的诱导作用。方法 48例癫癎患儿分为2组,26例口服OXC,22例口服CBZ,治疗时间均超过12个月;25例无癫发作患儿为空白对照组。选择用药前、用药后6个月及12个月三个时间点,应用RT-PCR法测定患儿外周血MDR1-mRNA的表达。结果 OXC组和CBZ组外周血MDR1-mRNA表达在用药后6个月、12个月较对照组增高(P<0.01);OXC组和CBZ组患儿外周血MDR1-mRNA表达在用药后6个月及12个月较开始服药前均有增高(P<0.05);OXC组在用药6个月及12个月后外周血MDR1-mRNA表达和卡马西平组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论长期口服OXC和CBZ均会增加癫癎患儿外周血MDR1基因的表达。     

An optimal dose of tea polyphenols protects against global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

Previous studies addressing the protection of tea polyphenols against cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion injury often use focal cerebral ischemia models, and the optimal dose is not unified. In this experiment, a cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury rat model was established using a modified four-vessel occlusion method. Rats were treated with different doses of tea polyphenols (25, 50, 100, 150, 200 mg/kg) via intraperitoneal injection. Results showed that after 2, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours of reperfusion, peroxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capacity in brain tissue gradually increased, while malondialdehyde content gradually decreased after tea polyphenol intervention. Tea polyphenols at 200 mg/kg resulted in the most apparent changes. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling and flow cytometry showed that 200 mg/kg tea polyphenols significantly reduced the number and percentage of apoptotic cells in the hippocampal CA1 region of rats after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. The open field test and elevated plus maze experiments showed that tea polyphenols at 200 mg/kg strengthened exploratory behavior and reduced anxiety of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injured rats. Experimental findings indicate that tea polyphenols protected rats against cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion injury and 200 mg/kg is regarded as the optimal dose.     

Immune Responses to the O-Specific Polysaccharide Antigen in Children Who Received a Killed Oral Cholera Vaccine Compared to Responses following Natural Cholera Infection in Bangladesh

Current oral cholera vaccines induce lower levels of protective efficacy and shorter durations of protection in young children than in adults. Immunity against cholera is serogroup specific, and immune responses to Vibrio cholerae lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the antigen that mediates serogroup-specific responses, are associated with protection against disease. Despite this, responses against V. cholerae O-specific polysaccharide (OSP), a key component of the LPS responsible for specificity, have not been characterized in children. Here, we report a comparison of polysaccharide antibody responses in children from a region in Bangladesh where cholera is endemic, including infants (6 to 23 months, n = 15), young children (24 to 59 months, n = 14), and older children (5 to 15 years, n = 23) who received two doses of a killed oral cholera vaccine 14 days apart. We found that infants and young children receiving the vaccine did not mount an IgG, IgA, or IgM antibody response to V. cholerae OSP or LPS, whereas older children showed significant responses. In comparison to the vaccinees, young children with wild-type V. cholerae O1 Ogawa infection did mount significant antibody responses against OSP and LPS. We also demonstrated that OSP responses correlated with age in vaccinees, but not in cholera patients, reflecting the ability of even young children with wild-type cholera to develop OSP responses. These differences might contribute to the lower efficacy of protection rendered by vaccination than by wild-type disease in young children and suggest that efforts to improve lipopolysaccharide-specific responses might be critical for achieving optimal cholera vaccine efficacy in this younger age group.     

复合肌肉动作电位与周围神经损伤程度的相关性研究

目的:分析45例腓总神经不全损伤患者复合肌肉动作电位（CMAP）的波幅、时程,探讨其与周围神经损伤程度的关系。方法 :选择2012年1月至2012年12月就诊于我院的45例不同程度腓总神经不全损伤患者,根据患者胫前肌肌力级别将45例患者分为三组（n=15）:胫前肌肌力4-5级（P₁组）、胫前肌肌力2-3级（P₂组）、胫前肌肌力1级（P₃组）。应用肌电诱发电位仪记录45例患者的CMAP波形,测量CMAP波幅与时程。采用SPSS13.0统计软件对数据进行秩和检验,分析各组间CMAP波幅与时程的差别。结果 :（1）P₁组、P₂组和P₃组腓总神经-胫前肌CMAP平均波幅分别为7.1±0.2mv、3.3±0.3mv和0.5±0.1mv;P₂组、P₃组与P₁组相比,波幅均有显著性差异（P<0.05）;P₃组与P₂组相比,波幅亦有显著性差异（P<0.05）。（2）P₁组、P₂组和P₃组腓总神经-胫前肌CMAP平均时程分别为11.4±0.4ms、16.9±0.6ms和23.3±1.2ms;P₂组、P₃组与P₁组相比,时程均有显著性差异（P<0.05）;P₃组与P₂组相比,时程亦有显著性差异（P<0.05）。结论 :（1）CMAP波幅、时程有助于评价周围神经受损的严重程度。（2）CMAP波幅降低提示有功能的周围神经轴突数量减少,时程延长反映了周围神经的脱髓鞘损害。     

MiR-195 inhibits proliferation and growth and induces apoptosis of endometrial stromal cells by targeting FKN

MiR-195, which exhibits a proliferation-inhibiting role in different tumors, has been reported to be down-regulated in the ectopic endometrium. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of miR-195 on the biological characteristic of the endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). MiR-195 has been presumed to target the 3’-untranslated regions (3’-UTR) of Fractalkine (FKN), which also plays important roles in endometriosis. Fluorescence reporter assays showed that miR-195 effectively binds to the 3’-UTR of FKN. The normal ESCs showed a significant higher miR-195 expression than that of eutopic and ectopic ESCs associated with endometriosis, while the FKN expression showed opposite results. MiR-195 mimics inhibited proliferation and growth and induced apoptosis of eutopic ESCs, and these effects were abolished by FKN-siRNA. miR-195 could decrease the expression of survivin, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) and up-regulate the expression of CD82, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP1) and TIMP2 of eutopic ESCs by targeting FKN. Our study has demonstrated for the first time that miR-195 plays important roles in regulating the functions of ESCs through targeting FKN. The information may be useful for developing a new therapeutic strategy for endometriosis.     

Protaper手用镍钛锉预备乳磨牙根管的疗效观察

目的观察Protaper手用镍钛锉预备乳磨牙根管的临床疗效。方法选择4～8岁需做根管治疗的患儿160例,乳磨牙160颗,随机分为Protaper手用镍钛锉冠向下法备根组80颗,手用不锈钢K锉逐步后退法备根组80颗,均用注射型Metapex糊剂根充,术后即刻拍片评价根充成功率,术后3 d回访评价疼痛率。结果 Protaper组疼痛率3.75%,不锈钢K锉组疼痛率15.00%(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义。Protaper组成功率95%,不锈钢K锉组成功率83.75%(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义。结论 Protaper手用镍钛锉预备乳磨牙根管疼痛反应轻,快捷高效,临床疗效优于手用不锈钢K锉,值得临床推广。     

血管内皮生长因子受体-2在人乳牙及年轻牙恒牙髓中的表达

目的：评估乳牙及年轻恒牙牙髓内的血管内皮生长因子受体-2（VEGFR-2）表达以及VEGFR-2阳性细胞的空间分布。方法：10颗健康的乳牙和10颗健康年轻恒牙采用抗VEGFR-2抗体进行免疫组化的方法并借助Image-Pro-Plux软件分析系统测量牙髓细胞中VEGFR-2的光密度值,进行统计学分析。结果：乳牙及年轻恒牙的牙髓血管内皮细胞对VEGFR-2的免疫染色均为阳性。在乳牙牙髓中VEGFR-2阳性细胞趋向于靠近成牙本质细胞层,年轻恒牙中VEGFR-2的免疫染色的空间分布更加一致。乳牙的牙髓血管内皮细胞胞浆中VEGFR-2免疫组化染色阳性,且表达高于年轻恒牙,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,结论：VEGFR-2在乳牙及年轻恒牙牙髓的血管内皮细胞均能表达,表明这些细胞能够对由血管内皮生长因子调节的形态变化及成活信号产生反应。     

下颌后牙区“三明治”法增骨同期种植的疗效评价

目的:探讨下颌后牙区"三明治"法增骨同期口腔种植的临床疗效。方法:针对下颌后牙区牙槽嵴萎缩的3例患者,采用超声骨刀行"三明治"水平截骨术,同期植入2颗种植体,以支撑并稳定要提升的骨段,并于"三明治"区植入异体骨块、骨粉,促进成骨并辅以支撑骨段作用。利用GBR技术阻断结缔组织侵入。潜入式种植术后6个月行二期手术,2周后修复。结果:3例患者术后创口均无裂开,2例局部略肿胀,经抗生素和激素治疗3 d后逐渐消退。术后6个月X线片示截骨线骨性愈合,种植体周骨整合良好,牙槽嵴平均增高约5 mm。修复获得成功。结论:选择合适的患者,后牙区"三明治"法增骨同期种植是可行的。