Nebivolol induces endothelium-dependent relaxations of canine coronary arteries.

Nebivolol is a new beta 1-antagonist that acutely reduces arterial blood pressure without depressing cardiac function. The present study was designed to determine the effect of nebivolol on coronary arteries. Rings of canine left anterior descending coronary (LAD) artery with or without endothelium were suspended in organ chambers and the isometric tension was recorded. In some experiments, the transmembrane potential of the smooth muscle cells was recorded by electrophysiological methods. During contractions to prostaglandin F2 alpha, nebivolol induced concentration-dependent relaxations of the coronary arteries. The enantiomer, l-nebivolol, also induced comparable relaxations; however, d-nebivolol induced smaller relaxations. The relaxations induced by nebivolol and its enantiomer were significantly larger in tissues with than in those without endothelium. The differences between tissues with and without endothelium were abolished by nitro-L-arginine (3 x 10(-5) M) or methylene blue (10(-5) M). The nebivolol-induced relaxations were not affected by indomethacin (10(-5) M), phentolamine (5 x 10(-6) M), propranolol (5 x 10(-6) M), or methysergide (3 x 10(-6) M). Nebivolol at a subthreshold concentration for inducing relaxation (3 x 10(-7) M) did not significantly affect endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine but potentiated ADP-induced endothelium-dependent relaxations. The potentiation is stereoselective for l-nebivolol. Nebivolol induced a small hyperpolarization of the coronary smooth muscle with endothelium (1 mV).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Anatomic and spiral computed tomographic study of the genial tubercles for genioglossus advancement.

OBJECTIVE: To measure and compare Chinese mandibular genial tubercles measured anatomically and with computed tomography (CT). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Spiral CT scans were taken of 40 adult human skulls; the superior genial spines were measured using anatomic and CT methods. RESULTS: The height and width of the superior genial spines, mandible thickness, and distance from the menton to the inferior and superior margins of the superior genial spines were 5.82 +/- 0.71, 6.98 +/- 1.35, 11.95 +/- 1.59, 11.08 +/- 2.05, and 16.91 +/- 2.30 mm from anatomic measurements and 6.17 +/- 0.71, 7.01 +/- 1.13, 12.19 +/- 1.64, 10.41 +/- 1.55, and 15.73 +/- 2.12 mm using spiral CT, respectively. The anatomic and CT measurements were correlated. CONCLUSION: Spiral CT of the genial tubercles can help locate the osteotomy in genioglossus advancement. SIGNIFICANCE: This study acquired reference data on Chinese genial tubercles demonstrating that CT measurements of the genial tubercles reflect their anatomy, which should allow accurately locate the osteotomy.     

联合雾化吸入对老年支气管哮喘急性发作的疗效观察及护理

支气管哮喘是一种由多种细胞及细胞因子参与的慢性炎症性疾病。气道慢性炎症导致气道高反应,从而产生反复发作的喘息、胸闷、呼吸困难、咳嗽等相关症状,尤其多发于夜间及凌晨。我科自2005年6月开始采用特布他林、异丙托溴胺、布地奈德联合雾化吸入治疗老年哮喘急性发作取得满意疗效。现报告如下。1一般资料1.1对象我科2005年6月—2007年5月共收治老年支气管哮喘急性发作病人78例,年龄65岁~95岁(73.0岁±6.0岁),均符合诊断标准[1]。随机分为两组,对照组38例:男30例,女8例;治疗组40例:男35例,女5例。两组年龄、性别比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0…     

医疗器械包装设计浅谈

本文介绍了医疗器械之无菌包装系统的设计之关键要素和要求,介绍了目前流行的灭菌方式以及对无菌包装系统的要求和影响。本文最后还列举了常见的医疗器械包装系统。     

刮治＋自体骨移植术治疗牙源性角化囊肿（附14例报告）

本文总结了１４例应用刮治和自体骨移植术治疗大型牙源性角化囊肿的方法，１４例植骨均成活，４例术后囊肿复发，再次手术，指出：与骨断切除治疗大型角化囊肿的方法比较，此法最大的优点是有利于保持患者面容和咀嚼功能，并对大型角化囊肿的手术原则，自体骨移植问题及手术注意事项进行了讨论。     

NGF prevents the changes induced by monocular deprivation during the critical period in rats

Photic evoked responses were recorded from the striate cortex of Long-Evans hooded intact, monocular visual deprivation (MD) and MD treated with NGF rats. The averaged visual evoked responses (AVER) were obtained from both hemispheres and provided comparison after binocular photic stimuli between the contralateral and the ipsilateral striate cortex with relation to the MD eye. One month of monocular visual deprivation at the critical period of development resulted in marked reduction of the amplitudes of AVER components as compared to the control recordings (P < 0.001). These changes of the AVER could be prevented by NGF infusion to lateral ventricle at the dosage of 2.0–2.4 μg/day for four weeks during the monocular deprivation. In conclusion, the change of AVER amplitudes induced by monocular visual deprivation during the critical period of development can be prevented by NGF infusion to lateral ventricle.     

中国中原地区33555名妇女妇科疾病发生情况与五种因素关系的调查报告

自１９９２年３月至１９９４年５月，对中原地区４个省２０多个县（市）近２００个单位３３５５５名２０～７５岁的已婚妇女，进行妇科疾病发生情况与年龄、职业、文化、月经、孕产等五种因素关系的调查分析。在３３５５５名妇女中，患病者２２３７０人，总患病率为６６．６７％，查出妇科疾病４２种，计７６９７４例次。结果证明：以２５～３５岁年龄组发病率最高，其中以内生殖器炎症为主；职业以经商者发病率高，特别是性病患者高于其他职业者二倍以上；文化程度以小学、初中者发病率高，尤其宫颈炎更明显；月经情况：随着经前期紧张综合征的加重，更年期综合征发病率增高；孕产次数越多，患病率越高。本次调查未发现宫颈癌，进一步证明我国对妇女保健工作的关心和重视。     

Evidence for the interaction between antacid and gastric mucosa using an "artificial stomach" model including gastric mucosa.

In light of evidence that certain aluminum-based antacids adhere to the gastric mucosa, we modified our previously described "artificial stomach" (AS) model by including a piece of hog stomach and compared the antacid activity of six aluminum-containing antacid products in the model with and without gastric mucosa. The activity of three of these, Maalox, Riopan and Supralox, was not significantly different in the two systems. In contrast, the activity of the other three, Aludrox, Phosphalugel and Simeco, was significantly greater with mucosa. Antacid activity of one product from each set (Supralox, Phosphalugel) was evaluated in two in vivo methods in human volunteers. For both antacids, results in vivo were similar to those obtained with the AS-containing mucosa. Without mucosa, in vivo and in vitro results were dissimilar for Phosphalugel, thus validating the modified AS. The difference between the two sets of antacids can be explained by 1) the fact that the Al:Mg ratio in the set affected by mucosa is greater than that of unaffected antacids, and 2) a weaker antacid load than in unaffected Supralox. We suggest that in an acid milieu, aluminum ions in antacids like Aludrox, Phosphalugel and Simeco are bound to sialic acid residues in mucus glycoproteins, thus retarding the transit of these antacids through both the AS and the real stomach and prolonging their activity in both situations. When the Al:Mg ratio is low or when the amount of antacid salts is large, aluminum ions tend to be buried in complexes, giving them less chance to interact with gastric mucus, so they transit the stomach more quickly.     

“90增血剂”对特发性血小板减少性紫裥患者的T细胞亚群的作用

作者根据现代免疫学观点,自1989年起采用自制中药“90增血剂”治疗ITP46例。期间,应用间接免疫荧光技术检测了患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群,结果表明病例组全T细胞(CD_3)、T辅助/诱导细胞(CD_4)降低,T抑制/细胞毒细胞(CD_8)增高,CD_4/CD_8比值明显降低。治疗后,患者T亚群恢复常态,血小板数上升,骨髓产板型巨核细胞数增加,临床总有效率达91.2%,明显优于激素组(71.4%)。提示中药具有显著的疗效和良好的免疫调节作用。同时,动态观察ITP患者T细胞亚群的变化,对帮助临床判断治疗反应和预后有很大意义。