肺结核住院病人全程护理服务模式的建立与实施

在我国加入WTO后，医疗行业面临着严峻的挑战，在这种形势下护理管理模式更加注重护理人员素质、服务理念的培训，使护理人员的护理流程成为一种主动性的服务.为了配合对肺结核病人全程督导短程化疗方案（DOTS）项目的实施，提高肺结核病人的遵医行为，有效地遏止肺结核病的蔓延。     

The symptom trajectories to clinical remission in Chinese patients with unipolar major depressive disorder

There is little understanding of how unipolar major depressive disorder (UMDD) symptoms evolve in response to antidepressant treatment. The present research examined the associations between symptom trajectories and clinical remission in Chinese patients with UMDD. A total of 165 outpatients with UMDD received treatment of fluoxetine (20 mg/day) for 6 weeks and were assessed for symptom severity at weeks 1, 2, 4, and 6. We found that patients with UMDD show heterogeneity in treatment response to fluoxetine. Psychomotor retardation is a prominent symptom during the 6 weeks of assessment, and its severity at baseline is negatively associated with clinical remission.     

枸橼酸抗凝在妊娠合并重型肝炎患者血浆胆红素吸附治疗中的作用及护理

目的 探讨枸橼酸抗凝在妊娠合并肝炎患者血浆胆红素吸附治疗中的作用.方法 对该院25例妊娠合并重型肝炎患者用枸橼酸抗凝行血浆胆红素吸附串联血浆灌流进行治疗.结果 25例患者经治疗与护理85次,除1例治疗1 h后出现过1次滤器Ⅲ度凝血需更换血路管及灌流器,其余84次均顺利完成.全部患者痊愈或好转出院,其中17例肾功能恢复正常,15例产前发病的患者中2例围生儿死亡,5例早产儿预后良好.结论 应用枸橼酸抗凝行血浆胆红素吸附治疗与血液灌流治疗相互结合后,各项肝功能指标均有明显改善.     

血液透析患者的心理特征及护理

目的：探讨实施心理护理对透析患者的作用。方法：50例透析患者分别于治疗前后给予相应的护理对策。结果：进行心理护理与实施护理对策后患者以最佳状态配合治疗。结论：良好的护理模式有利于提高透析患者的生活质量。     

左卡尼汀治疗急性前壁心肌梗死不同时段疗效分析

目的评价左卡尼汀辅助治疗急性前壁心肌梗死（AMI）不同时段的疗效。方法将54例急性前壁心肌梗死患者随机分为左卡尼汀治疗组和对照组,治疗组在AMI常规治疗基础上予左卡尼汀静滴10d,而对照组仅为常规治疗。分别于5d和10d后行心脏彩超检查和测定肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）水平。结果治疗组用药10d时心脏彩超和cTnI变化明显优于用药5d时。结论左卡尼汀辅助治疗急性前壁心肌梗死必须达到一定疗程才能发挥作用。     

Biomechanical evaluation in osteoporosis: ovariectomized rat model

The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of ovariectomy on rat femur biomechanical parameters. Bone mineral density (BMD) and histological investigation were also evaluated. Fourteen female Sprague–Dawley rats (seven ovariectomized, seven control) were used. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorbsiometry. Bone biomechanical parameters were measured in femoral midshaft with tensile test using a biomaterial testing machine and maximum load, stiffness, energy absorption capacity (structural properties), ultimate stress, ultimate strain, and elastic modulus (material properties) were calculated. Diaphyseal cortical bone thickness was measured by using histological method. The ovariectomized (OVX) rat femur’s BMD was 14% lower than control rats (p=0.006). Mean maximum load was 55% less than the control group’s (p=0.0001). Stiffness was 72% less in OVX rats (p=0.05). Femurs of rats with OVX had 32% less absorbed energy than controls (p=0.09). From the stress–strain curve ultimate stress, ultimate strain and elastic modulus was calculated. Elastic modulus was 53% less than controls (p=0.05). Ultimate stress decreased 21% in OVX rats (p=0.097). Ultimate strain was 25% less than controls in OVX rats. Cortical thickness was significantly decreased in OVX rats than in controls (p<0.05). In conclusion, femur biomechanical parameters are decreased in osteoporosis.     

Attribution retraining group therapy for outpatients with major depression disorder,generalized anxiety disorder,and obsessive-compulsive disorder:a pilot study

The aim of this present study is to examine the efficacy of attribution retraining group therapy (ARGT) and to compare the responses of outpatients with major depression disorder (MDD),generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).We carried out a prospective uncontrolled intervention study with a 8-weeks of ARGT on sixty three outpatients with MDD,GAD or OCD.Hamilton rating scale for depression,Hamilton rating scale for anxiety,Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale,attribution ...     

粪便HMGB1、AI-2和HBD2在新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎中的临床意义及与肠道菌群的关系

目的探讨粪便高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)、自诱导分子-2(AI-2)和人β-防御素2(HBD2)在新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)中的临床意义及其与肠道菌群的关系。方法选取2017年9月至2019年9月重庆市大渡口区人民医院收治的105例NEC患儿作为NEC组,以及同期出生的50例健康新生儿作为对照组。依据改良Bell-NEC分期标准将NEC患儿分为轻度NEC组及重度NEC组,根据病程分为急性期和恢复期,根据肠道菌群紊乱程度分为Ⅰ度失调组、Ⅱ度失调组及Ⅲ度失调组。检测受试新生儿粪便HMGB1、AI-2和HBD2水平,比较对照组和不同严重程度、不同NEC时期、不同肠道菌群紊乱程度的NEC患儿HMGB1、AI-2和HBD2水平。采用Spearman相关分析HMGB1、AI-2、HBD2水平与急性期NEC病情严重程度、肠道菌群紊乱程度的相关性。结果轻度NEC组和重度NEC组粪便HMGB1水平均高于对照组,且重度NEC组高于轻度NEC组(P<0.05);轻度NEC组和重度NEC组粪便AI-2和HBD2水平均低于对照组,且重度NEC组低于轻NEC度组(P<0.05)。粪便HMGB1水平与NEC病情严重程度呈正相关(r=0.412,P<0.05),AI-2和HBD2水平均与NEC病情严重程度均呈负相关(r=-0.405、-0.381,P<0.05)。NEC急性期和恢复期粪便HMGB1水平均高于对照组,且急性期高于恢复期(P<0.05);急性期粪便AI-2水平低于对照组和恢复期,且恢复期高于对照组(P<0.05);急性期和恢复期粪便HBD2水平均低于对照组,且恢复期高于急性期(P<0.05)。对照组粪便HMGB1水平<Ⅰ度失调组<Ⅱ度失调组<Ⅲ度失调组(P<0.05),而对照组粪便AI-2和HBD2水平>Ⅰ度失调组>Ⅱ度失调组>Ⅲ度失调组(P<0.05);粪便HMGB1水平与肠道菌群紊乱程度呈正相关(r=0.368,P<0.05),AI-2和HBD2水平与肠道菌群紊乱程度均呈负相关(r=-0.432、-0.406,P<0.05)。结论粪便中HMGB1、HBD2和AI-2水平与NEC的病情严重程度有关,并可以反映肠道菌群紊乱情况,而HMGB1水平降低、HBD2和AI-2水平升高则预示着病情好转。     

蛋白棕榈酰化修饰在非酒精性脂肪性肝病相关疾病中作用机制的研究进展

非酒精性脂肪性肝病（non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD）已成为全球范围内威胁人类健康的重大公共卫生问题,但其发病机制复杂,新药研发困难重重,临床用药依旧匮乏。棕榈酰化是广泛发生的一种由棕榈酰基转移酶催化的蛋白质翻译后修饰,影响其稳定性、胞膜定位及功能发挥。近年来,研究表明蛋白棕榈酰化修饰与NAFLD的病程密切相关。本文对目前已报道棕榈酰化修饰在NAFLD相关疾病中作用机制作一综述,并分析GEO数据库NAFLD肝组织中棕榈酰基转移酶家族表达水平,对探寻NAFLD发病新机制具有重要意义。