污泥深度脱水处理与处置工艺的COD及碳减排分析

采用污泥深度脱水技术,可使泥饼含水率降到40%～55%,有利于污泥后续处置的同时实现全过程的COD减排及碳减排。经核算,10万m3/d污水处理厂产生的污泥经深度脱水-焚烧、深度脱水-填埋工艺进行合理有效的处理处置,COD日排放均可减少5.52 t,CO2日排放可分别减少26.06 t和5.61 t。     

肠易激综合征患者胆囊运动功能的研究

目的 了解肠易激综合征患者的胆囊运动功能情况,协助肠易激综合征的治疗。方法 我们通过对健康志愿者(对照组)和肠易激综合征患者(IBS组)用核素显相测定胆囊排空功能。结果 IBS组23例中有13例(56.5％13／23),对照组16例中有4例(25％4／16),餐后1小时胆囊排空指数(GBEF)降低,两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.01)。餐后30、40、50和60minGBEF IBS组均低于对照组,差异有非常显著性(P<0.01)。结论 IBS组胆囊排空率下降,排空功能不良。在治疗肠易激综合征同时予利胆促动力剂治疗。     

Gastric functions in portal hypertension

This study investigated the effects of portal hypertension on gastric motor and secretory functions and the role of endothelin in rats. Control; sham-operated; endothelin-A receptor blocker, BQ 485 (1 µg/kg) -treated; portal hypertensive; and portal hypertension +, endothelin-A receptor blocker-treated rats were subjected to tests of gastric secretory, motor, and mucosal function studies as well as gastric wall polymorphonuclear infiltration. Portal hypertension was induced by partial portal vein ligation. Portal hypertension suppressed gastric acid and total fluid secretion and delayed gastric emptying. An increase in mucosal permeability and no alteration in gastric wall myeloperoxydase activity were observed. The effects of portal hypertension on gastric secretory, motor, and mucosal functions were reversed by treatment with endothelin-A receptor blocker, BQ-485. It is concluded that portal hypertension suppresses the gastric motor and secretory functions and endothelin plays an important role in the pathophysiology of gastric alterations associated with portal hypertension.     

Low incidence of deep venous thrombosis after laparoscopic cholecystectomy

The effects of the increased intraabdominal pressure that occurs during laparoscopic cholecystectomy and the effects of the reverse Trendelenburg position adopted for the procedure on deep venous thrombosis (DVT) were investigated prospectively. Thirty patients who underwent laparoscopic and 13 who underwent open cholecystectomy for symptomatic cholelithiasis were investigated for postoperative DVT. Lower extremity venous blood flow was examined by color Doppler ultrasonography before and after operations. Thrombus formation was not found in the femoral, popliteal, or iliac veins of any of the patients who underwent either open or laparoscopic cholecystectomy. None of the patients in either group displayed signs of DVT or pulmonary embolus. We concluded that the incidence of DVT does not increase with laparoscopic cholecystectomy.     

Constraints on the early uplift history of the Tibetan Plateau

The surface uplift history of the Tibetan Plateau and Himalaya is among the most interesting topics in geosciences because of its effect on regional and global climate during Cenozoic time, its influence on monsoon intensity, and its reflection of the dynamics of continental plateaus. Models of plateau growth vary in time, from pre-India-Asia collision (e.g., approximately 100 Ma ago) to gradual uplift after the India-Asia collision (e.g., approximately 55 Ma ago) and to more recent abrupt uplift (<7 Ma ago), and vary in space, from northward stepwise growth of topography to simultaneous surface uplift across the plateau. Here, we improve that understanding by presenting geologic and geophysical data from north-central Tibet, including magnetostratigraphy, sedimentology, paleocurrent measurements, and (40)Ar/(39)Ar and fission-track studies, to show that the central plateau was elevated by 40 Ma ago. Regions south and north of the central plateau gained elevation significantly later. During Eocene time, the northern boundary of the protoplateau was in the region of the Tanggula Shan. Elevation gain started in pre-Eocene time in the Lhasa and Qiangtang terranes and expanded throughout the Neogene toward its present southern and northern margins in the Himalaya and Qilian Shan.     

ERCC1和RRM1的表达对Ⅱ-Ⅳ期非小细胞肺癌术后吉西他滨联合顺铂化疗生存趋势的影响

目的探讨切除修复交叉互补基因1（ERCC1）和核苷酸还原酶M1亚基（RRM1）表达与Ⅱ-Ⅳ期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）术后吉西他滨联合顺铂（GP方案）辅助化疗预后的关系。方法实时荧光定量PCR法检测ERCC1、RRM1表达,Cox回归分析筛选影响预后的独立危险因子,Kap1an-Meier生存曲线分析比较各组患者的中位生存时间。结果TNM分期、术后辅助化疗与否、手术彻底程度为影响术后生存时间的独立危险因子。ERCC1或RRM1低表达组中化疗患者中位生存期显著优于未化疗患者（P均〈0．01）。结论ERCC1或RRM1低表达的NSCLC患者更能从GP方案化疗中受益。     

Rosiglitazone Inhibits Bone Regeneration and Causes Significant Accumulation of Fat at Sites of New Bone Formation

Thiazolidinediones (TZDs), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activators, and insulin sensitizers represent drugs used to treat hyperglycemia in diabetic patients. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with a twofold increase in fracture risk, and TZDs use increases this risk by an additional twofold. In this study, we analyzed the effect of systemic administration of the TZD rosiglitazone on new bone formation in two in vivo models of bone repair, a model of drilled bone defect regeneration (BDR) and distraction osteogenesis (DO) and a model of extended bone formation. Rosiglitazone significantly inhibited new endosteal bone formation in both models. This effect was correlated with a significant accumulation of fat cells, specifically at sites of bone regeneration. The diminished bone regeneration in the DO model in rosiglitazone-treated animals was associated with a significant decrease in cell proliferation measured by the number of cells expressing proliferating cell nuclear antigen and neovascularization measured by both the number of vascular sinusoids and the number of cells producing proangiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor at the DO site. In summary, rosiglitazone decreased new bone formation in both BDR and DO models of bone repair by mechanisms which include both intrinsic changes in mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and differentiation and changes in the local environment supporting angiogenesis and new bone formation. These studies suggest that bone regeneration may be significantly compromised in T2DM patients on TZD therapy.     

专科护士主导的2型糖尿病患者共享门诊的构建及应用

目的 建立专科护士主导的2型糖尿病患者共享门诊,分析其对患者代谢指标、自我管理行为、自我管理效能及生活质量的影响。方法 构建专科护士主导的2型糖尿病患者共享门诊,并应用于2020年9月—12月在某三级甲等医院内分泌门诊就诊的30例2型糖尿病患者中。比较干预前和干预3个月后血糖达标率、各项生化指标、糖尿病患者自我管理行为量表得分、糖尿病患者管理自我效能量表得分及生存质量特异性量表得分的差异。 结果 干预3个月后,患者的血糖达标率与干预前相比,差异无统计学意义 (P=0.310) 。干预3个月后患者的腰围、总胆固醇、甘油三酯低于干预前 (P<0.05) ;患者的自我管理行为量表总分以及饮食管理和足部管理2个维度得分及自我效能量表得分高于干预前 (P<0.05) ;患者的糖尿病生存质量特异性量表总分及生理维度、心理维度、社会关系维度3个维度得分较干预前降低 (P<0.05) 。 结论 由专科护士主导的共享门诊能够有效降低2型糖尿病患者的腰围、总胆固醇和甘油三酯,提高患者的自我管理行为和自我管理效能,改善患者的生存质量。     

医院文化建设中的误区

列举了医院文化建设中常见的七大误区，着重分析了误区产生的原因、造成的后果，并简要指出了克服这些误区所需把握的关键问题。     

Median neuralgia caused by brachial pseudoaneurysm

A rare neurovascular complication of a antebrachial arteriovenous fistula in a chronic hemodialysis patient is reported. A large brachial venous pseudoaneurysm caused median neuralgia by direct compression of the nerve. Surgical resection of the pseudoaneurysm resulted in complete relief of neuralgia.