熟地和制首乌多糖对贫血小鼠骨髓有核细胞数和细胞周期的影响

目的:观察熟地多糖(RPS)和制首乌多糖(PPS)对骨髓抑制贫血小鼠外周血象、骨髓有核细胞(BMC)数和细胞周期的影响。方法:用60Co辐射和腹腔注射环磷酰胺(Cy)及氯霉素(Ch),建立骨髓抑制贫血小鼠模型,分别提取熟地和制首乌多糖,腹腔注射RPS(20mg/kg)和PPS(25mg/kg),观察对外周血象、BMC数的影响,并用流式细胞仪分析细胞周期。结果:RPS和PPS均能一定程度促进外周血象的恢复,明显提高骨髓抑制贫血小鼠BMC数量(P<0.01);流式细胞术分析表明,G0/G1期细胞比例明显减少(RPS:P<0.01,PPS:P<0.05),S期细胞比例明显增加(RPS:P<0.01,PPS:P<0.01)。结论:RPS、PPS能促进骨髓抑制贫血小鼠骨髓抑制的恢复,促进骨髓有核细胞进入增值周期。     

组织支持感与心理资本对医生工作满意度的影响

目的 探讨医生组织支持感和心理资本对工作满意度的影响，为提高医生工作满意度和医疗服务质量提供科学依据。方法 随机抽取沈阳市三甲医院1 100名医生进行问卷调查，收集其一般情况、组织支持感、心理资本和工作满意度情况，回收有效问卷815份（74.1%）。利用多元分层回归分析探讨组织支持感对医生工作满意度的影响，渐进-再抽样策略检验心理资本在组织支持感与工作满意度关系的中介作用。结果 组织支持感与心理资本对医生工作满意度具有正向预测作用。组织支持感占总变异量的46.3%，加入心理资本的4个维度后，总变异量增加了12.7%。心理资本中的自我效能与希望两个维度在组织支持感与工作满意度之间起到部分中介作用，其中自我效能的中介效应值为0.124（95%CI 0.071?0.180），希望的中介效应值为0.138（95%CI 0.087?0.192）。结论 医院管理者可以通过鼓励医生、提供组织支持以及构建和谐的工作氛围来改善医生的组织支持感，提升心理资本和工作满意度。     

Deletion of Krüppel-like factor-4 promotes axonal regeneration in mammals

Axonal regeneration plays an important role in functional recovery after nervous system damage. However, after axonal injury in mammals, regeneration is often poor. The deletion of Krüppel-like factor-4 (Klf4) has been shown to promote axonal regeneration in retinal ganglion cells. However, the effects of Klf4 deletion on the corticospinal tract and peripheral nervous system are unknown. In this study, using a mouse model of sciatic nerve injury, we show that the expression of Klf4 in dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons was significantly reduced after peripheral axotomy, suggesting that the regeneration of the sciatic nerve is associated with Klf4. In vitro, dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons with Klf4 knockout exhibited significantly enhanced axonal regeneration. Furthermore, the regeneration of the sciatic nerve was enhanced in vivo following Klf4 knockout. Finally, AAV-Cre virus was used to knockout the Klf4 gene in the cortex. The deletion of Klf4 enhanced regeneration of the corticospinal tract in mice with spinal cord injury. Together, our findings suggest that regulating KLF4 activity in neurons is a potential strategy for promoting axonal regeneration and functional recovery after nervous system injury. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee at Soochow University, China (approval No. SUDA20200316A01).

Chinese Library Classification No.R456; R741; Q344+.14     

Does acculturation affect the dietary intakes and body weight status of children of immigrants in the U.S. and other developed countries? A systematic review

Objective: This paper reviews available studies on the relationship between acculturation and obesity among children of immigrants who have at least one foreign-born parent.

Methods: A systematic review of relevant studies was undertaken using PubMed, Web of Science, and PsychInfo.

Results: The initial search identified 1317 potentially relevant publications, of which 21 were retained after three rounds of screening. Most studies were conducted in the U.S. The majority of studies used BMI or overweight/obesity prevalence as the outcome variable, while two studies used dietary intake. Three studies used standardized acculturation scales, while most of the studies used generation, duration of residency in host country, and language as proxy measures of acculturation. The relationship between acculturation and outcomes varied between the host countries and origin countries for children of immigrants.

Conclusion: This study suggests children of immigrants with different cultural backgrounds may interact with host countries to varying degrees, ultimately influencing their diet behaviours and body weight status. Researchers are encouraged to adopt standardized acculturation scales to compare the results across countries and populations.     

Patterns of transcription factor programs and immune pathway activation define four major subtypes of SCLC with distinct therapeutic vulnerabilities

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Tumor-associated Macrophage-derived Interleukin-23 Interlinks Kidney Cancer Glutamine Addiction with Immune Evasion

Background

Glutamine addiction is a hallmark of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC); yet whether glutamine metabolism impacts local immune surveillance is unclear. This knowledge may yield novel immunotherapeutic opportunities.

Reliability and validity of a Chinese version of the Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness (SSCI) in patients with stroke

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness (SSCI) in patients with stroke.

Methods In total, 220 patients with stroke were recruited to complete the scale. The reliability of the SSCI was evaluated using internal consistency and test–retest methods. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to identify domains of the SSCI. Convergent validity was determined by analyzing the correlation between SSCI scores, activities of daily living (ADL) and depression.

Results Construct validity was determined by factor analysis, extracting three factors with eigenvalues greater than 1, explaining 30.5%, 25.7%, and 8.5% of the variance, respectively, and accounting for 64.8% of the variance. All items had factor loadings above 0.40. The first factor comprised questions related to ‘self-stigma’ (items 1–13). The second (items 14–22) and third (items 23–24) factors aggregated questions related to ‘enacted stigma’. In terms of convergent validity, the SSCI total scale was moderately correlated to the Barthel Index (BI) and the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). Cronbach’s alpha value (internal reliability) for the total SSCI score was 0.949, and the intraclass correlation coefficient value (test-retest reliability) was 0.802.

Discussion The results provide initial evidence that the SSCI is a reliable and validated measure for evaluating stigma in stroke patients in China.     

基于文献挖掘及复杂网络探讨寻常性痤疮常见中医证型及核心用药规律＊

目的 运用文献挖掘及复杂网络方法探讨中医治疗寻常性痤疮常见证型及核心用药规律。方法 收集中国期刊全文数据库（China National Knowledge Infrastructure，CNKI）、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库（VIP Database，VIP）、万方数据库（WanFang）、中国生物医学文献数据库（Sinomed）中近15年已公开发表的中医治疗寻常性痤疮核心期刊，对其进行医案提取及规范化后，运用复杂网络方法进行分析。结果 共纳入文献178篇，医案数据195条，涉及中药184味，药性多以寒、微寒为主，药物归经归肺经最多，其次肝经、胃经、心经，药物功效多以清热解毒、清热燥湿、清热凉血为主，常见中医证型及对应核心加减处方4个。结论 系统总结了寻常性痤疮近年发病的主流证型、核心处方及用药规律，为之后的临床辨证用药提供参考及借鉴。     

Multi-center investigation of the clinical and pathological characteristics of inflammatory breast cancer based on Chinese Society of Breast Surgery (CSBrs-007)

BackgroundInflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is an aggressive type of cancer with poor prognosis and outcomes. This study aimed to investigate clinicopathological features, molecular characteristics, and treatments among Chinese patients diagnosed with IBC.MethodsWe collected data of 95 patients with IBC who were treated by members of the Chinese Society of Breast Surgery, from January 2017 to December 2018. The data, including demographic characteristics, pathological findings, surgical methods, systemic treatment plans, and follow-up, were obtained using a uniform electronic questionnaire. The clinicopathological features of different molecular types in patients without distant metastases were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis (H) test followed by post hoc analyses.ResultsLymph node metastasis was noted in 75.8% of all patients, while distant metastasis was noted in 21.4%. Pathological findings indicated invasive ductal and lobular carcinomas in 86.8% and 5.3% of cases, respectively. Hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2−) (41.5%) and HR−/HER2+ (20.1%) were the most common biologic subtypes, followed by HR+/HER2+ (19.1%) and HR−/HER2− (19.1%). Stage III IBC was treated via pre-operative neoadjuvant chemotherapy in 87.7% of the cases, predominantly using anthracycline and taxanes. A total of 91.9% of patients underwent surgical treatment. Among them, 77.0% of the patients underwent modified radical mastectomy, 8.1% of whom also underwent immediate breast reconstruction. The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed that the efficacy of chemotherapy significantly differed among those with HR+/HER2− and HR−/HER2− tumors (adjusted P = 0.008), and Ki-67 expression significantly differed in HR−/HER2+ and HR+/HER2+ molecular subtypes (adjusted P = 0.008).ConclusionOur study provides novel insight into clinicopathological characteristics and treatment status among patients with IBC in China, and might provide a direction and basis for further studies.Trial registrationchictr.org.cn, No. ChiCTR1900027179; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=45030