潜艇常见气体对离体细胞化学发光的影响

目的 :用化学发光法检测O2 、CO2 、CO和正庚烷 (CxHy)四种气体对离体家兔肺泡巨噬细胞 (AM )的直接效应。 方法 :将AM悬液暴露于上述气体 ,不同时间检测用PMA激发的细胞发光及其存活率。结果 :培养在 99.5 %N2 (0 .5 %O2 )中的AM受激发光仅能维持 10h ;高浓度O2 、CO2 、CO和CxHy具有刺激或增强AM发光之效应 ;含 16 %O2 、1.9%CO2 、46mg/m3 CO和 176mg/m3 CxHy的模拟潜艇混合气体未见对AM激发光功能和存活率产生不利影响。结论 :空气氧含量对细胞十分重要 ,提高氧浓度有利于细胞存活 ,但氧浓度 >16 %和 <2 0 %的低氧还原性气体环境更有利细胞长时间生存。     

抗A1试剂血清的研制

目的 :ABO亚型在临床输血中经常造成错定血型及输血反应 ,因而研制抗A1试剂血清是解决ABO亚型鉴定的主要途径。方法 :采用血型血清学特异性抗原抗体吸收实验。结果 :经大量反复实验 ,研制出特异性强 ,效价符合要求的抗A1试剂血清。结论 :抗A1血清是鉴定A亚型的专用试剂血清 ,对临床鉴定ABO亚型及安全输血有实用意义。     

Biphasic opening of the blood-brain barrier following transient focal ischemia: effects of hypothermia

OBJECTIVE: Tracer constants (Ki) for blood-to-brain diffusion of sucrose were measured in the rat to profile the time course of blood-brain barrier injury after temporary focal ischemia, and to determine the influence of post-ischemic hypothermia. METHODS: Spontaneously hypertensive rats were subjected to transient (2 hours) clip occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery. Reperfusion times ranged from 1.5 min to 46 hours, and i.v. 3H-sucrose was circulated for 30 min prior to each time point (1 h, 4 h, 22 h, and 46 h; n = 5-7 per time point). Ki was calculated from the ratio of parenchymal tracer uptake and the time-integrated plasma concentration. Additional groups of rats (n = 7-8) were maintained either normothermic (37.5 degrees C) or hypothermic (32.5 degrees C or 28.5 degrees C) for the first 6 hours of reperfusion, and Ki was measured at 46 hours. RESULTS: Rats injected after 1.5-2 min exhibited a 10-fold increase in Ki for cortical regions supplied by the right middle cerebral artery (p < 0.01). This barrier opening had closed within 1 to 4 hours post-reperfusion. By 22 hours, the blood-brain barrier had re-opened, with further opening 22 and 46 hours (p < 0.01), resulting in edema. Whole body hypothermia (28 degrees C-29 degrees C) during the first six hours of reperfusion prevented opening, reducing Ki by over 50% (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion evokes a marked biphasic opening of the cortical blood-brain barrier, the second phase of which causes vasogenic edema. Hypothermic treatment reduced infarct volume and the late opening of the blood-brain barrier. This opening of the blood-brain barrier may enhance delivery of low permeability neuroprotective agents.     

Satellite-cell-derived nerve growth factor and neurotrophin-3 are involved in noradrenergic sprouting in the dorsal root ganglia following peripheral nerve injury in the rat

Injury to a peripheral nerve induces in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) sprouting of sympathetic and peptidergic terminals around large-diameter sensory neurons that project in the damaged nerve. This pathological change may be implicated in the chronic pain syndromes seen in some patients with peripheral nerve injury. The mechanisms underlying the sprouting are not known. Using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical techniques, we have now found that nerve growth factor (NGF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT3) synthesis is upregulated in satellite cells surrounding neurons in lesioned DRG as early as 48 h after nerve injury. This response lasts for at least 2 months. Quantitative analysis showed that the levels of mRNAs for NT3 and NGF increased in ipsilateral but not contralateral DRG after nerve injury. Noradrenergic sprouting around the axotomized neurons was associated with p75-immunoreactive satellite cells. Further, antibodies specific to NGF or NT3, delivered by an osmotic mini-pump to the DRG via the lesioned L5 spinal nerve, significantly reduced noradrenergic sprouting. These results implicate satellite cell-derived neurotrophins in the induction of sympathetic sprouting following peripheral nerve injury.     

窥镜下激光治疗前列腺增生症

目的 评价经尿道激光前列腺切除术（ＴＵＬＰ）的疗效及其与前列腺大小的关系。方法 回顾分析了１９８８年至１９９８年１０年,采用ＴＵＬＰ治疗的４６９例前列腺增生症患者对手术技术、手术前后的症关改善情况进行比较,并对２３３例符合条件的患者ＴＵＬＰ手术效果与前列腺大小的相关性进行了研究。结果 ４６９例患者前列腺症状评分（ＩＰＳＳ）平均值由术前的２６．７降到术后的１４．２;最大尿流率平均值由６．２ｍｌ／ｓ上     

联合内分泌治疗对前列腺和睾丸的影响

目的 探讨抑那通和缓退瘤联合治疗对正常前列腺,增生的前列腺（ＢＰＨ）和前列腺癌以及睾丸的作用。方法 对１６例接受联合内分泌治疗至少３个月且有治疗前后病理资料的前列腺癌患者的标本进行了系统的病理学检查。对内分泌治疗后的睾丸标本与同龄未接受治疗的进行对照研究。结果 １４例内分泌治疗后的前列腺标本２例未见残存癌灶,９例对治疗有明显的反应;３例对治疗反应差,治疗并未降低前列腺癌的病理分期。３例内分泌治疗后     

白细胞介素12对肝癌基因治疗的实验研究

目的 研究携带白细胞介素１２（ＩＬ－１２）基因逆转录病毒载体对体内肝癌生长抑制作用,探索基因治疗肝癌新途径。方法 构建携带ＩＬ－１２的逆转录病毒载体,转染逆转录病毒包装细胞系ＰＡ３１７,应用该包装细胞对实验性肝癌大鼠进行治疗,观察抗肿瘤作用,免疫功能变化。     

Anti-tumor ribonuclease, combined with or conjugated to monoclonal antibody MRK16, overcomes multidrug resistance to vincristine in vitro and in vivo

Onconase, a ribonuclease isolated from Rana pipiens oocytes and early embryos, is a member of the RNase A superfamily. Onconase has anti-neoplastic properties both in vitro and in vivo, and is undergoing clinical evaluation. In the present study, Onconase was combined with or conjugated to MRK16, an anti-P-glycoprotein (Pgp) monoclonal antibody. The interaction of these combinations with vincristine (VCR) against parental and multidrug resistant (MDR), Pgp expressing, human colon carcinoma cells caused increased VCR cytotoxicity in vitro and enhanced survival of athymic nude mice given transplants of drug resistant HT-29(mdr1) cells in vivo. The results suggest that combination treatment with Onconase and other agents that modulate the chemosensitivity of Pgp-expressing human tumor cells has the potential to overcome MDR.     

槐角的避孕成分研究(Ⅱ)——化合物Ⅴ～Ⅷ的分离和鉴定

本文报道从槐角中分离到的化合物Ⅴ～Ⅷ的鉴定。经紫外、核磁共振光谱分析及物理化学常数的测定,证明化合物Ⅴ～Ⅷ分别为山萘酚-3-槐糖甙、染料木素-7-双葡萄糖甙、山萘酚-3-鼠李糖-双葡萄糖甙和染料木素-7-双葡萄糖-鼠李糖甙。这些甙水解后的甙元山萘酚和染料木素对小鼠具有抗生育活性。