慢性病信息系统的指标及其收集方法的研究

目的 探讨我国目前慢性病监测系统应监测的指标、指标的收集方法。方法 DELPHI专家咨询法。结果 目前社区慢性病综合防治信息系统包括的指标有六方面内容，按照平均重要程度等级和排位的结果是死亡监测、发病或患病监测、危险因素监测、社区环境监测、疾病管理与卫生经济监测；指标的收集渠道应统一协调卫生系统的各个部门，包括医院、社区和各级疾病预防控制机构(CDC)以及公安和民政等部门；指标的收集方式主要依靠常规报告，部分指标通过流行病学调查来获得；监测指标的用途主要用于探测慢性病流行趋势和引起的疾病负担、确定防治重点、评价慢性病干预效果，以便更有效的防治慢性病；如何确保监测资料的质量和政府提供必须的费用是监测中比较普遍存在的问题。结论 死亡监测、发病或患病监测、行为危险因素监测应是慢性病综合防治信息系统应首选的内容。     

延颈髓交界处髓内肿瘤的诊断与显微手术治疗

报道显微手术治疗10例延颈髓交界处髓内肿瘤(ITCJ),肿瘤全切除6例,次全切除4例,无手术死亡,70％病例术后好转。ITCJ可分为颈延型和延颈型两大类型。MRI是诊断本病的主要方法,并且具有指导手术的重要意义。结果也表明,显微手术方法和术后呼吸功能监护很有必要。     

瘤体骨切除灭活再植治疗四肢长骨巨细胞瘤

体内刮除及灭活植骨治疗骨巨细胞瘤（ＧＣＴ）的复发率高。我科从１９８６年６月～１９９６年２月治疗四肢长骨ＧＣＴ２４例。随访１１个月～８年４个月。其中７例采用局部切刮体内灭活植骨和（或）骨水泥充填治疗。结果１例感染，６例复发，１例恶变后死于肺转移。作者自１９９１年１月采用瘤体骨切除，离体灭活再植，与骨残端体内灭活相结合，骨缺损采用自家腓、髂骨移植，Ｌ－梯形加压钢板（Ｌ－ＴＣＰ）或梯形加压钢板（ＴＣＰ）固定治疗１７例，其中１２例保留关节，５例做膝关节融合。本组无菌创口感染１例，１例复发。在保留关节的１２例中９例关节功能恢复优良，１例尚可，２例差。充分说明瘤段骨切除体外灭活再植术疗效确实，复发率低。保留关节术式适于关节破坏较轻（＜＝１／２）者，结合关节残端体内灭活和有效的骨结构重建，有利于恢复关节功能。如关节面累及＞１／２，宜做骨关节端切除，灭活再植，下肢宜做关节融合或人工关节置换术。     

单侧鼻前庭切口经蝶切除垂体腺瘤

对１６例垂体腺瘤采用单侧鼻前庭切口经蝶切除，效果满意，既可减少手术创伤，又缩短了手术距离，且避免了美容缺陷，是一种设计巧妙，较为实用的手术方法，尤其适用于生长激素腺瘤。     

县级医院经济活力及其与不同奖金制度之间的关系分析

该利用山东省县级医院普查资料，通过比较性分析方法，对奖金制度转变和医院经济活力之间的关系进行了分析。研究结果表明：在过去的20年中，医院经济活力得到了较大提高，奖金制度转变有利于医院提高经济活力。     

Textual study on traditional Chinese drugs caodoukou and baidoukou]

Through a critical study of herbalogy, it is concluded that the mature seeds of Alpinia zermubet were used as caodoukou in ancient times. The original plant of Yutao recorded in Zhiwu Mingshi Tukao may be the species of Alpinia katsumadai. Baidukou used in ancient times may be the seeds of Alpinia katsumadai found in the south of China, or Amomum compactum and Am. kravanh imported from foreign countries.     

血清前－S_2蛋白检测的临床意义

采用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测１０４例各类型乙型肝炎（乙肝）患者的血清前－Ｓ２抗原（Ｐｒｅ－Ｓ２Ａｇ）及其抗体（Ｐｒｅ－Ｓ２Ａｂ），结果表明，Ｐｒｅ－Ｓ２Ａｇ的出现与ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｅＡｇ、ＨＢｃＡｂ呈显著相关性（Ｐ值均＜０．００５），主要见于乙肝急性期及慢性乙肝患者，说明病毒复制活跃、传染性强。而Ｐｒｅ－Ｓ２Ａｂ阳性仅见于急性乙肝恢复期。     

HCVRNA阳性的丙型肝炎诊断和治疗探讨

HCVRNA阳性的丙型肝炎46例，均经临床和／或组织学确诊。治疗组24例用IFNa－nl或a－2b3×106IU，隔日一次；对照组22例用一般护肝药物。HCVRNA12周转阴率治疗组为83．3％，对照组为9．0％（P＜0．001）。ALT和AST复常率治疗组也优于对照组（P＜0．05）。随访观察满48周者治疗组15例中HCVRNA持续转阴11例（73．3％）．对照组5例均持续阳性。治疗组中5例做了Ⅰ～Ⅲ型HCV基因分型，结果均为Ⅱ型。同时对急、慢性丙型肝炎的发病过程和病理诊断作了讨论。     

Determination of antigen-dependent activity of human lung cancer transfer factor by H3-leucine leucine leukocyte adherence inhibition assay]

This report is to demonstrate the antigen-dependent activity of human lung cancer transfer factor (Sp-TF). Sp-TFM was prepared from spleen of mice immunized with the human lung cancer cell line A549. [3H]-leu leukocyte adherence inhibition assay ([3H]-leu-LAI) was modified to identify activity of Sp-TFM. Leukocytes obtained from non-immunized mice were divided into eight groups as follows: 1. Control without TF or antigen; 2. Sp-TFM and antigen of cell line A549 (A549 Ag); 3. Sp-TFM alone; 4. Sp-TFM and ascitic tumor cell H22 antigen of mice (H22Ag); 5. Sp-TFM and antigen of human gastric cancer cell (HGCCAg); 6. Sp-TFM and antigen of human normal lung tissue (NLTAg); 7. Nor special TF of mice (N-TFM) and A549Ag; 8. A549Ag alone. When normal leukocytes were incubated with Sp-TFM and A549 antigen, the leukocytes adherence inhibition index (LAII) was significantly higher than those of the other groups. The different LAII of Sp-TFM to A549Ag and other experimental groups were highly significant (P less than 0.001). The results demonstrated that Sp-TFM could transfer specific cell mediated immunity to non-immune leukocytes. The TF prepared from spleen of goat immunized with antigen from lung cancer of patients (Sp-TFG) showed antigen specific activity as well as Sp-TFM.     

阴茎海绵体折叠术治疗单纯阴茎下弯

对１９例先天性单纯阴茎下弯采用阴茎海绵体折叠术矫治，即在弯曲的凸面白膜折叠缝合以拉直阴茎，为减少并发症，同时加以改进措施。所有病例随访１０～７１个月，手术效果满意