超声诊断输尿管结石的临床应用价值

目的　探讨超声检查在输尿管结石诊断中的临床意义。方法　采用三分段区域扫查法 ,对输尿管上、中、下段结石进行扫查 ,并与同期的X线检查结果进行对照分析。结果　 5 19例经X线腹部平片、尿路造影、体外震波碎石排石或手术取石证实的输尿管结石患者 ,超声诊断符合率为 91 14 % (473/ 5 19) ,其中输尿管上段结石的检出率 95 35 % ,中段结石的检出率 6 6 34% ,下段结石的检出率 98 37% ,4 73例均未发现假阳性结果。结论　三分段区域扫查法是提高输尿管结石检出率的关键 ,超声是临床检查输尿管结石的首选方法     

院外留置导尿管患者的家庭随访指导

目的探讨家庭留置导尿管患者的护理管理方法。方法将128例家庭留置导尿管患者按时间顺序分为对照组(62例)和干预组(66例),对照组实施常规护理指导;干预组在此基础上首先调查评估再进行家庭随访指导,包括心理护理,尿路感染、尿液引流不畅、患者不适感、尿道口渗尿及拔管困难的预防等指导。结果干预组患者留置导尿管并发症发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01),照顾者知识掌握情况显著优于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论实施家庭随访指导能明显降低留置导尿管患者并发症的发生,提高家庭留置导尿管患者照顾者的管理能力。     

深圳地区妇女骨矿密度标准QCT研究

目的　建立深圳地区绝经期前后妇女骨矿密度正常参考值QCT标准。方法　使用西门子PLUS 4POWER机的Osteo软件对 12 0例 3 0～ 69岁深圳地区妇女进行腰椎 1～ 3椎体松质骨和密质骨骨矿密度进行测量。结果　QCT测量结果与灰重呈直线相关 ,并可用如下直线回归方程表示 :灰重 =0 92 43 2×BMD +3 9 0 63 3 ,相关系数r =0 913 6。各年龄组的骨矿密度基本与国内其他城市报道一致。结论　使用QCT建立了该地区绝经期前后妇女正常骨矿密度正常参考值 ,为骨质疏松症的预防、治疗、预后和骨折危险性的评价提供参考     

洛伐他汀转化菌株的筛选及发酵条件

利用薄层层析法和HPLC法对 30 0株放线菌进行筛选 ,结果发现一株菌ST4 8对洛伐他汀有转化作用 .研究其菌龄、菌体干重、分批加入底物及底物诱导等条件对转化率的影响表明 ,菌株ST4 8在预培养基中培养 4 8h后接入转化培养基 ( 5 %接种量 ) ,此时菌体量最高 ,加入 0 .3mL底物后 ,继续培养 4 8h转化率最高 ( 2 0 .78% ) .一次性加入底物和分批加入底物的转化率分别为2 0 .0 2 %和 2 0 .0 8% ,并且这种转化作用不需要底物诱导     

低蛋白饮食联合α酮酸的肾保护作用

低蛋白饮食联合α酮酸(开同)用于临床治疗慢性肾功能不全(CRF)已经有很长时间.它能补充机体所缺必需氨基酸,改善蛋白质代谢;减轻胰岛素抵抗,改善糖代谢;提高脂酶活性,改善脂代谢;减轻氮质血症,改善代谢性酸中毒;降低高血磷,改善低血钙,减轻继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进;减少蛋白尿排泄,保护残余肾功能,延缓慢性肾脏病(CKD)进...     

广东省“互联网+护理服务”试点医疗机构护理服务调查

目的 了解广东省“互联网+护理服务”试点工作进展,为政策制定提供依据。 方法 选取177所“互联网+护理服务”试点医疗机构,使用广东省卫生健康委员会平台统一设计的统计表进行横断面调查,包括管理及服务制度、运行机制及流程、出诊护士培训体制等。 结果 实际开展“互联网+护理服务”工作的试点机构146个,其中三级医院占58.90%;共有13 154名护士参与服务,服务总人次为192 442,平均患者满意度96.63%,出诊护士对试点工作总体满意度为88.67%。实际开展“互联网+护理服务”项目数43项,其中服务量排序靠前的项目为母婴护理（44 074人次）、生命体征监测（23 313人次）、家庭巡视（21 636人次）;排序靠后为人工肛门便袋护理（16人次）和一般灌肠（16人次）。 结论 广东省的“互联网+护理服务”试点工作已经取得初步成效,初步形成符合本地特色的服务模式,但仍需扩大服务人群,补充服务项目,优化支付机制,加强监管系统。     

从肾-天癸-冲任-骨轴论益气温经法改善绝经后骨质疏松症

肾-天癸-冲任-骨轴影响女性在各个年龄段的骨骼生长发育状况。绝经后骨质疏松症由于患病率有逐渐上升的倾向而受到关注。中医理论在改善绝经后骨质疏松症方面发挥着重要的指导作用,并且中医药治疗绝经后骨质疏松症具有独特的优势。肾藏精,精生髓,髓居于骨腔中,以滋养骨,肾为天癸之源、冲任之本,天癸是“肾主生殖”的精微物质,冲任二脉的通盛以肾气盛为前提,而骨骼的强弱与肾气的盛衰密切相关。绝经后骨质疏松症作为常见的代谢性骨骼疾病,受肾-天癸-冲任-骨轴的调节。肾气、天癸、冲任生理功能正常,骨才能发挥其支撑身体、保护内脏的作用。笔者通过对肾-天癸-冲任-骨轴与绝经后骨质疏松症的关系进行初步探讨,从而为绝经后骨质疏松症的辨证论治提供理论依据。     

Annual Periodic Increases in Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen Concurrent with Ground-Glass Opacity in the Lung: Report of a Case

A 63-year-old woman underwent a video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy for cancer of the right lung in 1999. The following year, a lesion with ground-glass opacity was found in the left lung, and pathological examination after a partial lung resection revealed atypical adenomatous hyperplasia with expression of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). During postoperative screening tests for tumor recurrence, there were periodic increases in the serum CEA level by twofold above the normal levels in 2002 and 2003. Clinical evaluations, including laboratory tests, radiographic imaging, and endoscopy examinations, showed no evidence of a CEA-producing tumor, except for a new ground-glass opacity in the left lung. To our knowledge, this is the first report of periodic increases in serum CEA levels in a patient with ground-glass opacity in the lung, not reflecting recurrence of the lung tumor.     

原发性小肠肿瘤60例临床分析

目的 探讨原发性小肠肿瘤的临床特点和诊查方法。方法 回顾性分析60例原发性小肠肿瘤的临床资料、发病特点及术前诊查方法。结果 小肠肿瘤临床表现不特异，确诊时长达1周-32个月，平均6个月。术前确诊率低（31．7％）。检查方法中胃肠造影和CT的使用相对较多，受检阳性率分别为54．2％（26／48）和81．3％（26／32）。小肠肿瘤恶性居多，占53．8％（21／39）。结论 原发性小肠肿瘤表现隐匿，容易误诊，常规检查手段特异性不高，胃肠造影和CT确诊率相对较高，新的检查方法有待开发。     

Analysis of 4931 renal biopsy data in central China from 1994 to 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate the changing spectrum and clinicopathologic correlation of biopsy-proven renal diseases in central China. We retrospectively analyzed data of 4931 patients who underwent renal biopsy in ten hospitals between September 1994 and December 2014. Among them, 81.55% were primary glomerular diseases (GD), and 13.02% were secondary GD. IgA nephropathy (IgAN) was the most common primary GD (43.45%), followed by focal glomerulonephritis (16.79%), mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN, 14.35%), and membranous nephropathy (MN, 13.28%). IgAN was leading primary GD in patients under 60 years old, while MN was the leading one over 60 years old. The most frequent secondary GD was lupus nephritis (LN) (47.35%). The prevalence of IgAN, MN and minimal change disease was found to increase significantly (p?<?0.001, p?<?0.001, and p?<?0.01, respectively), while that of MsPGN, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and LN decreased significantly (p?<?0.001, p?<?0.001, and p?<?0.05, respectively). The main indication for renal biopsy was proteinuria and hematuria (49.03%), followed by nephrotic syndrome (NS, 20.36%). IgAN was the most common cause in patients with proteinuria and hematuria, chronic-progressive kidney injury, hematuria and acute kidney injury; and MN was the leading cause of NS. Primary GD remained the predominant renal disease in central China. IgAN and LN were the most prevalent histopathologic lesions of primary and secondary GD, respectively. The spectrum of biopsy-proven renal disease had a great change in the past two decades. Proteinuria and hematuria was the main indication for renal biopsy.