豚鼠内耳磁微粒栓塞缺血模型初探

OBJECTIVE: To set up an inner ear ischemic model in guinea pig with ferromagnetic embolism. METHODS: A magnet was fitted in the external auditory canal and carbonyl iron filings (1%, 1 ml/kg) was injected into jugular, then the inner ear vessels were obstructed by ferromagnetic spheres. Cochlear blood flow (CBF) and number of red blood cells in the stria vessels were used to detect the model's ischemia of cochleae. The slice of temple bone and basal membrane stained by silver nitrate were used for inner ear's histopathological observations. RESULTS: The iron spheres were amassed in the one and two-day-later's model of inner ear vessels, which resulted in embolism. The number of red blood cells in the stria vessels decreased and then recovered to normal level after 4 days, but the CBF decreased to 50% +/- 10% of basic level immediately and recovered to 99% +/- 41% 4 days later. Scattered lesion of out hair cell cilium could be seen in cochleae in eight-day-later's model, and degenerations in different degree were found in vascular stria. CONCLUSION: The methods of inner ear ischemic model with ferromagnetic embolism could be practical and the decrease of CBF was reversible, so it may be an ideal model for studying some ischemic inner ear diseases and evaluating the effects of therapeutic drugs.     

PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS Ⅰ. EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF OPEN NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS BY QUALITATIVE ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ISOENZYME IN AMNIOTIC FLUID

The measurement of amniotic fluid (AF) acetylcholinesterase isoenzyme (AChEI) is a relatively new method for early diagnosis of open neural tube defects (NTDs). As quantitative methods are of unproven reliability at present, the authors used a high resolving power qualitative method-vertical slab polyaerylamide gel electrophoresis. The benefits of this technique are: simplicity of operation, accuracy, unsophisticated equipment, and easily available reagents. Combined results of 9 NTDs studies revealed that samples from early pregnancy gave more accurate results than those from late pregnancy.     

电脑比配色仪与比色板之间的相近性分析

目的：通过对比色记录的分析，比较Vita比色板、松风Vintage Halo比色板和电脑比配色仪之间的相近性和差异性。方法：随机抽取100名年龄在21～24岁的本地在校大学生，由男女两位测试者使用电脑比配色仪、Vita比色板和松风Vintage Halo比色板对被测试者的左上中切牙进行比色分析。结果：三种比色方法均以A色调最为集中，占总数的55％以上。其次是D色调占总数20％以上。男女测试者的选色在A、R、VR．系列中无明显差异。结论：电脑比配色仪、Vita比色板、松风Vintage Halo比色板均不能完全覆盖本地区青年天然中切牙的色度特征，只在A色调系列中重复率较高。     

Endoscopic surgery for early glottic carcinoma

Early glottic carcinoma, specifically stage I or II, can be treated with endoscopic excision, radiation therapy, or open partial laryngectomy. Over the past two decades, this topic has received intensive interest, and controversies have often focused on techniques and outcomes comparing the use of endoscopic excision versus radiation therapy. This article will discuss philosophy, techniques, and outcomes of resection using the endoscopic approach to early glottic carcinoma. Optimization through appropriate instrumentation, staging, and technical details are critical to postoperative oncologic and vocal outcomes. The reader must remember that over 90% of T1 lesions and approximately 75% of T2 lesions are curable, and therefore adherence to the principles described below is important to achieve these outcomes.