子宫内膜异位症与抗碳酸酐酶抗体的关系

目的 :探讨抗碳酸酐酶Ⅰ、Ⅱ抗体与子宫内膜异位症的关系。方法 :应用酶联免疫吸附 (ELISA)法分别检测内异症 32例、其他妇科疾病 (妇科组 ) 2 0例及正常妇女 12例血清抗碳酸酐酶抗体水平。结果 :(1)内异症患者血清抗碳酸酐酶Ⅰ、Ⅱ抗体阳性率(87.5 %、5 3.1% )高于妇科组 (2 5 %、15 % ) ,两组差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ;(2 )内异症患者血清抗碳酸酐酶Ⅰ、Ⅱ抗体阳性率明显高于正常妇女组 (0 %、0 % ) ,两组差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 1) ;(3)妇科组及正常妇女组血清抗碳酸酐酶Ⅰ、Ⅱ抗体阳性率较低 ,两组差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :检测抗碳酸酐酶抗体对诊断子宫内膜异位症及探讨其发病机制有重要价值     

Silencing of Nesprin‐2 inhibits the differentiation of myofibroblasts from fibroblasts induced by mechanical stretch

Mechanical force plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of hypertrophic scar (HTS). Dermal fibroblasts and myofibroblasts are the key cells involved in HTS. Myofibroblasts in HTS possess different biochemical and biophysical characteristics by which myofibroblasts are often distinguished from fibroblasts. The role of mechanotransducers outside the nucleus in the pathogenesis of HTS has been reported in many studies. However, the role of Nesprin‐2 in HTS is not clear. Hence, we aim to construct a cell model of HTS and explore the role of Nesprin‐2 in this process. Myofibroblasts and fibroblasts were isolated from HTS and healthy skin tissues of the same patient. Fibroblasts were exposed to cyclic stretch with 10% magnitude and a frequency of 0.1 Hz for 3 days, 5 days, and 7 days, respectively. After the cell model was confirmed, fibroblasts transfected with siRNA targeting human Nesprin‐2 were exposed to cyclic stretch. The mechanical behaviour and biochemical reaction of the dermal fibroblasts were analysed. The stretched fibroblasts at day 5 showed the same mechanotransductive and biochemical features as unstretched myofibroblasts. Mechanical strain could induce the myofibroblasts differentiation and a cell model of HTS was established successfully at day 5. The expressions of lamin A/C, alpha‐smooth muscle actin, transforming growth factor beta 1, and collagen type I in fibroblasts were reduced by the silencing of Nesprin‐2. Mechanical strain could induce the myofibroblasts differentiation and silencing of Nesprin‐2 could block the mechanical stimulation of terminal myofibroblasts differentiation. Nesprin‐2 might be a potential target to treat the HTS.     

Decreased expression of claudin-18.2 in alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer compared to conventional gastric cancer

BackgroundAlpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer (AFPGC) is a subtype of gastric cancer (GC) with more aggressive biological behavior. As a highly specific tight junction component exclusively present in gastric mucosa and gastric adenocarcinomas, claudin-18.2 (CLDN18.2) has become an emerging target in GC. In this study, we aimed to provide insight into AFPGC and investigate the expression and the clinical implications of CLDN18.2 in AFPGC.MethodsWe retrospectively collected 98 cases of AFPGC and reviewed their clinical, morphological, and immunohistochemical features. Another 356 patients with stage-matched conventional GC (cGC) were enrolled as a control group. We further surveyed CLDN18.2 expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 51 AFPGC tissues and explained its association with the clinicopathological parameters of AFPGC.ResultsOur results showed that AFPGC was a unique GC type with elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), which was a predictor of a worse prognosis. AFPGC showed typical morphological features and positive staining of at least 1 hepatocytic or enteroblastic marker. The expression rate of CLDN18.2 was low, with a positivity rate of 21.6%, which was much lower than that observed in cGC tissues (38.5%). A significant correlation was found between CLDN18.2 expression and the differentiation of AFPGC. CLDN18.2 expression was negatively correlated with the serum AFP level of AFPGC. We also found that AFPGC with a hepatoid type (HPT) component showed a significantly lower CLDN18.2 expression than those without.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that CLDN18.2 was significantly decreased in AFPGC and was negatively correlated with the patient’s preoperative serum AFP level. The negative correlation between AFP and CLDN18.2 could be explained by retro-differentiation of AFPGC. Special treatment strategies might be needed for this unique tumor type.     

Decoupling location specificity from perceptual learning of orientation discrimination

Perceptual learning of orientation discrimination is reported to be precisely specific to the trained retinal location. This specificity is often taken as evidence for localizing the site of orientation learning to retinotopic cortical areas V1/V2. However, the extant physiological evidence for training improved orientation turning in V1/V2 neurons is controversial and weak. Here we demonstrate substantial transfer of orientation learning across retinal locations, either from the fovea to the periphery or amongst peripheral locations. Most importantly, we found that a brief pretest at a peripheral location before foveal training enabled complete transfer of learning, so that additional practice at that peripheral location resulted in no further improvement. These results indicate that location specificity in orientation learning depends on the particular training procedures, and is not necessarily a genuine property of orientation learning. We suggest that non-retinotopic high brain areas may be responsible for orientation learning, consistent with the extant neurophysiological data.     

96例妊娠期缺铁性贫血的预防和治疗分析

目的:观察红源达在预防治疗妊娠期缺铁性贫血的临床疗效及应用价值.方法:选择在我院确诊的铁储备不足的孕妇96例按孕妇意愿分为治疗组和对照组,均定期检查血常规及铁缺乏指标,治疗期间每4周访视一次直至分娩.结果:治疗组孕妇与新生儿体内铁储存状态在妊娠早、中、晚期体内均有相关性;对照组仅在妊娠中、晚期有相关性.结论:红源达多糖铁复合物胶囊在临床预防和治疗妊娠期缺铁性贫血具有应用价值,值得临床推广.     

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??OBJECTIVE To study preliminarily the cadmium absorption and accumulation in Ligusticum Wallichii to provide a scientific basis for solving the problem of cadmium excess. METHODS The aboveground and underground parts of Ligusticum Wallichii in different growth periods and the rhizosphere soil were collected from Aoping Town, Pengzhou City and Yongshou Town, Meishan City. The cadmium content was determined, and the enrichment coefficient and transfer coefficient were calculated. RESULTS The average cadmium content in the underground part was 77.21% higher than that in the aboveground part. The cadmium enrichment coefficients and cadmium transfer coefficients of different parts were both greater than 0.5, and the enrichment coefficient of the underground part was 64.75% higher than the aboveground part. CONCLUSION Ligusticum Wallichii has a certain capacity to absorb and transfer cadmium, and most cadmium is enriched in the medicinal roots.     

三烯霉素J——来自深海细菌Ochrobactrum sp.的新安莎霉素

目的探究深海来源细菌Ochrobactrum sp. OUCMDZ-2164中的细胞毒活性代谢产物。方法利用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱和高效液相色谱等手段对发酵产物进行分离纯化,运用紫外、红外、质谱、核磁共振及圆二色谱等方法鉴定化合物的结构,采用MTT和细胞计数试剂盒-8(CCK-8)法分别评价化合物对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞和肺癌A549细胞及慢性髓性白血病K562细胞的增殖抑制活性。结果从细菌Ochrobactrum sp. OUCMDZ-2164的发酵产物中分离获得了4个化合物,分别鉴定为3-O-去甲基三烯霉醇(1)、flazin(2)、flazin-3-carboxylicacid(3)和胸腺嘧啶(4)。化合物1在10μmol/L浓度下对MCF-7细胞的增殖抑制率为61.5%。结论化合物1为新的安沙霉素类化合物,命名为三烯霉素J,其具有一定的乳腺癌细胞毒活性。     

慢性粒细胞白血病端粒酶的相关研究

目的：对慢性粒细胞白血病端粒酶进行研究,采用 PCR －ELISA 半定量法测定端粒酶活性,同时观察端粒酶活性变化的相关性。方法：选取15例慢性粒细胞白血病患者骨髓标本和15例正常骨髓（取自非肿瘤病人需行骨髓检查者）样本分为慢性粒细胞白血病组（CML 组）和正常对照组,采用 PCR －ELISA 法来测定CML 组和正常对照组的端粒酶活性。结果：正常对照组端粒酶具有微弱的活性,而 CML 组则具有较强的活性,且端粒酶活性 CML 组高于正常对照组,两者差异性非常显著。其中,CML 组男性与女性组间端粒酶活性差异无统计学意义。结论：正常组端粒酶具有微弱的活性,而 CML 组则具有较强的活性。端粒酶活性可能反映了一个高度增生的状态,是一种新的肿瘤标记物,与肿瘤发生密切相关。     

体内成熟与体外成熟的卵母细胞纺锤体位置及其与胚胎发育的关系

目的研究体内成熟与体外成熟卵母细胞的纺锤体位置及其与胚胎发育的关系。方法对134个体内成熟卵母细胞在卵母细胞胞质内单精子注射法（ICSI）操作时用纺锤体实时观察仪进行纺锤体位置的观察,体内成熟卵母细胞来自单纯因男性不育而进行ICSI治疗的患者15例（体内成熟组）。另外对45个体外成熟的卵母细胞观察纺锤体位置,体外成熟卵母细胞来自因多囊卵巢综合征致不孕而进行治疗的患者5例（体外成熟组）。纺锤体的位置按照其与第一极体之间的角度不同分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ级。并观察两组成熟卵母细胞的受精及其胚胎发育情况。结果体内成熟组和体外成熟组患者的卵母细胞中可观察到纺锤体的分别占83．6％（112／134）和82．2％（37／45）。体内成熟组患者卵母细胞纺锤体的位置Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ级分别为22．4％、55．2％、3．O％、3．O％、16．4％,体外成熟组则分别为17．8％、51．1％、8．9％、4．4％、17．8％,两组各级间分别比较,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。在体内成熟组卵母细胞中,纺锤体离第一极体较近（Ⅰ级）者受精率较高（93．3％）,显著高于其他各级（分别为73．0％、2／4、1／4、63．6％,P〈0．05）。结论体内成熟与体外成熟卵母细胞间纺锤体位置未见显著差异;纺锤体的位置与卵母细胞受精率有一定相关性。