社区老年高血压病人健康教育近期效果评价

为了解在社区老年高血压患者中进行的联合型健康教育活动的近期效果,作者重复调查了健教组社区老年人有关高血压“知-信-行”的状况,与基线和对照组的情况进行了比较分析。结果表明：本次联合型的健康教育活动使健教组在高血压的相关知识、信念、行为方面均有一定的改善。作者还对这项联合型健康教育活动的可行性及存在的问题进行了讨论。总结了本次研究的体会,并指出了进一步提高这项活动效率、效果的工作重点和建议。     

中、重度单纯性肥胖儿童血液流变学、心功能变化及二者相关性的研究

检测６０例中、重度学龄期单纯性肥胖儿童的血液流变学指标,以Ｍ超、Ｂ超、多普勒血流显像、多普勒组织显像等技术对心功能状况进行了全面检查。结果表明,与正常体重对照组相比,肥胖儿血液流变学各指标均有显著变化（Ｐ均＜０００１）,心脏的收缩和舒张功能均受累,血粘度的增加与心功能减低有明显的相关性。提示儿童期的单纯性肥胖已出现了血液流变学特性和心血管功能的异常,随着血粘度的增加,心功能渐减低,血液流变学特性的改变是单纯性肥胖症心血管系统功能受累的病理基础之一。     

Hematocrit level and associated mortality in hemodialysis patients

Although a number of clinical studies have shown that increased hematocrits are associated with improved outcomes in terms of cognitive function, reduced left ventricular hypertrophy, increased exercise tolerance, and improved quality of life, the optimal hematocrit level associated with survival has yet to be determined. The association between hematocrit levels and patient mortality was retrospectively studied in a prevalent Medicare hemodialysis cohort on a national scale. All patients survived a 6-mo entry period during which their hematocrit levels were assessed, from July 1 through December 31, 1993, with follow-up from January 1 through December 31, 1994. Patient comorbid conditions relative to clinical events and severity of disease were determined from Medicare claims data and correlated with the entry period hematocrit level. After adjusting for medical diseases, our results showed that patients with hematocrit levels less than 30% had significantly higher risk of all-cause (12 to 33%) and cause-specific death, compared to patients with hematocrits in the 30% to less than 33% range. Without severity of disease adjustment, patients with hematocrit levels of 33% to less than 36% appear to have the lowest risk for all-cause and cardiac mortality. After adjusting for severity of disease, the impact of hematocrit levels of 33% to less than 36% is vulnerable to the patient sample size but also demonstrates a further 4% reduced risk of death. Overall, these findings suggest that sustained increases in hematocrit levels are associated with improved patient survival.     

联合内分泌治疗对前列腺和睾丸的影响

目的 探讨抑那通和缓退瘤联合治疗对正常前列腺,增生的前列腺（ＢＰＨ）和前列腺癌以及睾丸的作用。方法 对１６例接受联合内分泌治疗至少３个月且有治疗前后病理资料的前列腺癌患者的标本进行了系统的病理学检查。对内分泌治疗后的睾丸标本与同龄未接受治疗的进行对照研究。结果 １４例内分泌治疗后的前列腺标本２例未见残存癌灶,９例对治疗有明显的反应;３例对治疗反应差,治疗并未降低前列腺癌的病理分期。３例内分泌治疗后     

左旋四氢巴马汀对单个豚鼠心室肌细胞钙电流的阻滞作用

AIM: To study the effect of l-tetrahydropalmatine (l-THP) on L-type calcium channel. METHODS: Patch clamp technique (whole cell recording) was used to record L-Ca2+ current in single cardiac myocyte. RESULTS: 1) l-THP 1, 10, and 100 micromol.L-1 reduced ICa-max from (999 +/- 93) pA to (700 +/- 111) pA, (582 +/- 66) pA, and (420 +/- 112) pA (n = 6, P < 0.01), respectively. 2) l-THP reduced the voltage at half-maximal inactivation (V1/2) of L-Ca2+ channel to more negative potentials by 9 mV (n = 5, P < 0.05). 3) l-THP caused both tonic and use-dependent reduction of Ca2+ current. Tonic block of l-THP on Ca2+ current was 46% +/- 8% (n = 6, P < 0.01). The degree of use dependent blocking was 13.5% +/- 2.4% (n = 6, P < 0.05) at 1 Hz, the degree increased to 44% +/- 5% (n = 6, P < 0.01) at 3 Hz. 4) l-THP delayed half-recovery time of Ca2+ channel recovery from inactivity from (94 +/- 39) ms to (170 +/- 42) ms(n = 6, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: l-THP has a moderate inhibitory effect on L-Ca2+ current.     

地肤子及其混淆品的扫描电镜与紫外法鉴别研究

分别采用扫描电镜和紫外光谱法对地肤子、藜、小藜和扫帚菜四种药材进行了比较鉴别。结果表明：扫描电镜下四种药材的胞果、毛茸、气孔和种子形态特征有较为明显的区别；紫外光谱扫描结果表明地肤子和扫帚菜无明显区别，但与藜和小藜之间有显著区别。     

磁极化生物平衡离子吸附疗法治疗老年人心脑血管病危险因素的临床研究

目的 探讨磁极化生物平衡离子吸附降脂降粘疗法(也称之为洗血疗法)对老年心脑血管病危险因素的临床疗效。方法 应用磁极化生物平衡离子吸附疗法对22例老年患有心脑血管病危险因素的患者进行治疗,并对临床各项指标进行对照比较。结果 22例患者治疗前后的血流变学指标、血脂等均有明显改善。治疗前患者的TCHO(胆固醇)、TG(甘油三酯)分别为(6.21±1.14)mmol/L和(6.78±5.13)mmol/L;治疗后分别为(4.36±0.99)mmol/L和(2.41±2.10)mmol/L,P<0.05,均显著降低。治疗前患者的HCT(红细胞压积)、PFC(纤维蛋白)、NP(血浆粘度)、NR(全血粘度)、VAI(细胞聚集指数)分别为(0.441±0.042)V、(4.11±1.78)g/L、(3.86±1.98)mpa.s、(5.68±0.79)mpa.s和0.89土0.23;治疗后分别为(0.344±0,061)V、(2.21±1.12)g/L、(1.49±0.40)mpa.s、(3.21±0.56)mpa.s和0.40±0.15,治疗前后对照比较,P<0.02。结论本方法对老年人心脑血管病危险因素的治疗是有效的。     

乳腺癌根治术后皮瓣坏死的综合防治策略

皮瓣坏死为乳腺癌术后常见并发症之一，国内外文献报道其发生率均较高。我们根据自己的临床体会、结合文献资料认为导致皮瓣坏死的主要原因为皮瓣组织细胞损伤、皮瓣张力过大、皮下积液及感染、真皮及真皮下血液循环障碍，并针对以上原因采取一系列相应措施，取得了较好疗效，同时对已发生坏死皮瓣的处理进行了简要论述。     

内皮素—1与脑血管痉挛缺血性脑损害的关系及银杏叶制？…

目的：探讨内皮素－１（ｅｎｄｏｔｈｅｌｉｎ－１，ＥＴ－１）与蛛网膜下腔出血（ｓｕｂａｒａｃｈｎｏｉｄ ｈｅｍｏｒｒｈａｇｅ，ＳＡＨ）后缺血性脑损害的关系和银杏叶制剂（ｇｉｎｋｇｏ ｂｉｌｏｂａ ｅｘｔｒａｃｔ，ＧＢＥ）的防治作用。方法：应用非开颅大鼠模型，对ＳＡＨ组和ＧＢＥ组测量基底动脉（ｂａｓｉｌａｒ ａｒｔｅｒｙ，ＢＡ）管径并观察２４ｈ内微区脑血流量（ｒｅｇｉｏｎａｌ ｃｅｒｅｂｒａｌ ｂｌｏ