多发肋骨骨折合并胸椎骨折同期行内固定手术临床观察

目的 探讨多发肋骨骨折合并胸椎骨折同期行内固定术的临床治疗效果.方法 选取我科2006年1月~2009年2月采用分期内固定术治疗的创伤性多发性肋骨骨折合并胸椎骨折（均为爆裂性骨折、SCI）患者35例,2009年3月~2013年5月采用同期内固定术治疗此类患者31例,比较两组患者治疗及并发症情况.结果 两组患者治愈率均为100%,同期内固定组平均麻醉时间、住院日、住院费用、疼痛评分、哌替啶用量、术后呼吸机支持时间均明显少于分期内固定组（P＜0.05）.结论 同期行内固定术治疗多发肋骨骨折合并胸椎骨折优于分期内固定术,值得临床推广应用.     

含不同浓度乳化异氟醚的停跳液对大鼠离体心脏缺血再灌注损伤的影响

目的 探讨含不同浓度乳化异氟醚的停跳液对大鼠离体心脏缺血再灌注损伤的影响.方法 清洁级雄性成年SD大鼠,体重180～250 g,建立Langendorff离体心脏灌注模型,取模型制备成功的56个心脏随机分为7组(n=8):St.Thomas停跳液组(C组)和含不同浓度乳化异氟醚的停跳液组(E1组～E6组).K-H液平衡灌注20 min后,C组用4℃ St.Thomas停跳液20 ml使心脏停搏45 min,K-H 液再灌注60 min,E1组～E6组分别用含乳化异氟醚0.28、0.56、1.12、1.68、2.24和2.80 mmol/L的4℃St.Thomas停跳液20 ml使心脏停搏45 min,K-H液再灌注60 min.于平衡灌注末、再灌注20、40、60 min 时记录HR、左心室发展压(LVDP)、左心室舒张末压(LVEDP)和左心室压力最大上升速率(+dp/dtmax),并收集冠脉流出液1.5 ml,测定乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性和肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)浓度.于再灌注60 min时取心肌组织,计算心肌梗死面积.结果 与C组比较,E4组HR、LVDP、+dp/dtmax和SOD活性升高,LVEDP、LDH的活性和cTnI浓度降低,心肌梗死面积减小,E5组和E6组HR、LVDP、+dp/dtmax和SOD活性降低,LVEDP、LDH活性和cTnI浓度升高,心肌梗死面积增加(P<0.05),E1组～E3组上述指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).与E4组比较,其余含不同浓度乳化异氟醚的停跳液组HR、LVDP、+dpldt～和SOD活性降低,LVEDP、LDH活性和cTnI浓度升高,心肌梗死面积增加(P<0.05).结论 含1.68 mmol/L乳化异氟醚的停跳液可减轻大鼠离体心脏缺血再灌注损伤.     

Effect of tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 on the regulation of transforming growth factor-β1 expression in mesangial cells induced by high glucose

Objective To investigate the role of tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2) in the regulation of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression in human glomerular mesangial cells induced by high glucose. Methods Cultured human glomerular mesangial cells were divided into normal control group (5.5 mmol/L glucose) and high glucose group (30.0 mmol/L glucose) which was cultured for 12 h to 72 h. The gene expression of TET2 in mesangial cells were inhibited by small molecule chemical called SC1, and which were divided into high glucose group (30.0 mmol/L glucose+DMEM), DMSO group (30.0 mmol/L glucose+0.1%DMSO) and SC1 group (30.0 mmol/L glucose+3 μmol/L SC1). The mRNA and protein expression of TGF-β1, TET1 to 3 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was detected by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. Methylation of CpG islands in the regulation region of TGF-β1 was detected by bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP). The activity of mesangial cell proliferation was assessed by colorimetry of thiazolyl blue (MTT). Results Compared with normal control group, the mRNA and protein expression of TET2 in mesangial cells induced by high glucose was increased significantly in a time-dependent manner (all P＜0.05), but the expression of TET1 and TET3 was not affected. Meanwhile methylation rate of 4 CG sites from 24 h to 72 h were decreased in the first exon of TGF-β1 (P＜0.01), but not in the promoter. Compared with high glucose group, when the expression of TET2 was inhibited by SC1, the methylation rate of TGF-β1 was recovered evidently (P＜0.05), the mRNA and protein expression of TGF-β1 and α-SMA was suppressed, and the proliferation of mesangial cells was decreased (all P＜0.05). Conclusions Demethylation of the CpG island mediated by TET2 may play an important role in the expression of TGF-β1 and mesangial cell phenotype transformation induced by high glucose.     

经腹、经阴道及腹腔镜辅助经阴道全子宫切除术临床比较

目的比较经腹全子宫切除术（transabdominal hysterectomy,TAH）、非脱垂子宫经阴道全子宫切除术（non-prolapsed transvaginal hysterectomy,TVH）及腹腔镜辅助经阴道全子宫切除术（laparoscopical-ly assisted vaginal hysterectomy,LAVH）的临床特点及应用价值。方法回顾性分析我院因子宫良性疾病行全子宫切除术的365例患者临床资料,按手术方式分为：TAH组（138例）、TVH组（110例）及LAVH组（117例）。比较三组手术时间、术中出血量、术后镇痛率、肛门排气时间、术后病率、术后住院时间以及医疗费用。结果三组术中出血量、术后病率比较无统计学差异（P〉0.05）,TVH组及LAVH组术后镇痛率、术后肛门排气时间及住院时间均少于TAH组（P〈0.05） TAH组及TVH组的手术时间和医疗费用明显低于LAVH组（P〈0.05）。结论TVH术式手术时间短、术后镇痛率低、住院时间短、医疗费用低,兼有TAH及LAVH的优点 临床应根据不同情况选择不同的子宫切除术式以达到最佳治疗效果。     

血管紧张素(1-7)和依那普利拉对烧伤血清离体灌注大鼠心脏功能的影响

目的 了解血管紧张素(1-7)[Ang(1-7)]和依那普利托对烧伤血清离体灌注大鼠心脏功能的影响.方法 选取80只SD大鼠制备烧伤血清.另取24只SD大鼠心脏建立Langendofff离体灌注模型.根据灌注液不同,将大鼠心脏分为K-H液组、含体积分数20%烧伤血清的K-H液组(烧伤血清组)、含体积分数20%烧伤血清和2μg/mL依那普利拉的K-H液组(依那普利托组)、含体积分数20%烧伤血清和1 nmoL/mL Ang(1-7)的K-H液组[Ang(1-7)组].各组大鼠心脏连续灌注30min上述溶液后,检测其左心室收缩压(LVSP)、左心室舒张末期压(LVEDP)、左心室压力最大上升/下降速率(±dp/dt max),以及冠状动脉血流量(CF)和冠状动脉流出液中肌酸激酶(CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的含量.结果 与K-H液组LVSP[(11.2±1.0)kPa,1 kPa=7.5 mm Hg]、+dp/dt max[(642±53)kPa/s]、-dp/dt max[(380±61)kPa/s]及CF值比较,烧伤血清组、依那普利拉组和Ang(1.7)组LVSP[(5.9±0.8)、(8.0±1.1)、(8.9±1.3)kPa]、+dp/dt max[(275±37)、(454±48)、(479±63)kPa/s]、-dp/dt max[(135±35)、(219±47)、(277±58)kPa/s]及CF值均明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),LVEDP和冠状动脉流出液中CK、LDH的含量升高.与烧伤血清组比较,依那普利拉组和Ang(1-7)组CF、LVSP及±dp/dt max均明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),LVEDP和冠状动脉流出液中CK、LDH的含量明显降低(P<0.01).结论 Ang(1-7)和依那普利拉均能有效改善烧伤血清离体灌注大鼠左心功能,减轻心肌损伤.     

上颌前牙单牙即刻非功能性负重种植的临床研究

目的探讨上颌前牙美观区单牙即刻非功能性负重人工牙种植的临床效果。方法对26例26颗上颌前牙种植者,在置入种植体的同时,接入临时基台行复合树脂暂时冠临时修复,2～6个月后,更换永久性烤瓷冠修复体。结果种植体置入后,随访12-72个月,没有种植体丢失。前12个月平均边缘骨丧失为0．78mm,随访期内,累积平均骨丧失为1．17mm。结论严格掌握适应证,上颌前牙单牙即刻非功能负重种植,能满足患者临时的美观需求,临床效果良好。     

血管紧张素(1-7)和依那普利拉对烧伤血清离体灌注大鼠心脏功能的影响

Objective To investigate effects of angiotcnsin ( 1-7 ) [ Ang( 1-7 ) ] and enalaprilat on function of isolated rat heart perfused by burn serum. Methods Eighty SD rats were used to prepare burn serum. Hearts of another 24 SD rats were isolated to reproduce Langendorff perfusion model. The rat hearts were divided into different groups with different perfusion fluids as K-H buffer group, K-H buffer containing 20% burn serum group ( burn serum group) , K-H buffer containing 20% burn serum and 2 μg/mL enala-prilat group (enalaprilat group), and K-H buffer containing 20% burn serum and 1 nmol/mL Ang(1-7) group [ Ang(1-7) group]. The rat hearts were perfused for 30 mins with each of above-mentioned fluids in different groups. Then left ventrieular systolic pressure (LVSP) , left ventricular end diastolic pressure ( LV-EDP) , ± dp/dt max, coronary flow(CF) , level of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in respective coronary effluent were determined. Results Compared with LVSP ( 11.2 ± 1.0 kPa, 1 kPa = 7.5 mm Hg), +dp/dt max (642±53 kPa/s), -dp/dt max (380±61 kPa/s) and CF level in K-H buffer group, CF, LVSP(5.9±0.8, 8.0±1.1, 8.9±1.3 kPa, respectively), +dp/dt max(275±37, 454±48, 479±63 kPa/s, respectively), - dp/dt max ( 135±35, 219±47, 277±58 kPa/s, respectively ) of burn serum group, those levels in Ang(1-7) group, and enalaprilat group were decreased obviously(P<0.05 or P <0.01 ), but LVEDP, level of CK and LDH in coronary effluent were increased. Compared with those parameters in burn serum group, CF, LVSP, ±dp/dt max of Ang(1-7) group and enalaprilat group were increased obviously(P<0.05 or P<0.01), and LVEDP, level of CK and LDH in coronary effluent were decreased obviously(P<0.01). Conclusions Ang(1-7) and enalaprilat can effectively improve left ventricular function of isolated rat heart perfused by burn serum and mitigate myocardial injury.     

密闭环境中悬浮颗粒物上附着微生物的检测

目的 分析检测密闭环境中县浮颗粒物上附着微生物的种类及数量。为航天器舱内大气污染的控制和监测提供参数依据。方法 依据Ｕ．Ｓ．Ａ ＥＰＡ ＩＰ－１０方法,在密闭环境中用大流量冲击式采样器分３级连续采样,颗粒物的空气动力学直径（ＡＤ）分别为：１００μｍ≥ＡＤ〉１０μｍ、１０μｍ≥ＡＤ〉２μｍ及ＡＤ≤２μｍ。选择室外较洁净空气以同样方法采样作为对照。对采集的颗粒物精密称量。分别培养颗粒物上的吸附微生物,     

含不同浓度乳化异氟醚的停跳液对大鼠离体心脏缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of cardioplegic solution containing different concentrations of emulsified isoflurane on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in isolated rat hearts. Methods Fifty-six male SD rats, weighing 180-250 g, were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 20% urethane 1 g/kg and heparin 1 000 U/kg. Their hearts were excised and perfused in a Langendorff apparatus. Fifty-six isolated hearts were randomly divided into 7 groups ( n = 8 each) : St. Thomas cardioplegic solution group (group C) and St. Thomas cardioplegic solution containing 6 different concentrations of emulsified isoflurane groups (group E1-6 ). After 20 min equilibration, cardiac arrest was induced with St. Thomas cardioplegic solution 20 ml and St. Thomas cardioplegic solution containing 0.28, 0.56, 1.12, 1.68, 2.24 and 2.80 mmol/L emulsified isoflurane 20 ml at 4℃for 45 min followed by 60 min reperfusion in group C and E1-6 respectively. HR, left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and + dp/dtmax were recorded at the end of 20 min equilibration, 20, 40 and 60 min of reperfusion. Coronary effluent 1.5 ml was collected for determination of LDH and SOD activity and the concentration of cTnI. At the end of 60 min reperfusion, the area of myocardial infarction was calculated. Results Compared with group C, HR, LVDP, + dp/dtmax and SOD activity were significantly higher, LVEDP, LDH activity and cTnI concentration lower, and the area of myocardial infarction lower in group E4, and HR, LVDP, + dp/dtmax and SOD activity were significantly lower, LVEDP, LDH activity and cTnI concentration higher, and the area of myocardial infarction higher in group E6 and E6 ( P < 0.05) , but there was no significant difference in the above indices between group E1-3 and group C ( P > 0.05) . HR, LVDP, + dp/dtmax and SOD activity were significantly lower, LVEDP, LDH activity and cTnI concentration higher, and the area of myocardial infarction higher in group E1-3-5-6 than in group E4 (P < 0.05 ). Conclusion St. Thomas cardioplegic solution containing 1.68 mmol/L emulsified isoflurane can attenuate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in isolatede rat hearts.     

男性不育病人精浆血管紧张素Ⅱ测定及临床意义

目的 :探讨人精浆血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)对精液常规指标的影响及其与男性不育症的关系。　方法 :通过固相提取 高效液相分离 放免法 (SPE HPLC RIA)测定 4 3例不育男性 (无精子症 13例 ,少弱精子症 8例 ,弱精子症17例 ,精液常规正常 5例 )和 10例正常生育男性对照组的血浆和精浆AngⅡ 。　结果 :精浆AngⅡ 水平明显高于血浆AngⅡ 水平 ,为血浆值的 3倍多 (P <0 .0 1) ;无精子症组精浆AngⅡ 浓度明显高于其他生育与不育男性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;血浆、精浆AngⅡ与精子密度、活力、存活率、畸形率和精子顶体反应率等均无相关性。　结论 :精浆AngⅡ很可能由男性生殖道局部产生 ,除睾丸、附睾外 ,前列腺和 (或 )精囊也可能是其来源 ;无精子症病人精浆高AngⅡ 水平的原因及精浆AngⅡ在男性生育调节中可能发挥的具体作用 ,还需要进一步研究。