恒温恒压电烫仪建立小鼠烫伤模型的实验研究

目的：寻求理想的建立小鼠不同深度烫伤模型的方法。方法：研制了恒温恒压电烫仪,分别以80度,0．5kg,2cm为统一的致伤温度,致伤压力,致伤直径,同时严格控制其他各个因素,以致伤时间为唯一可变因素,通过改变致伤时间,在小鼠背部建立不同深度的烫伤模型,并于烫伤后即时,4h,12,24h和48h取材病检。结果：建立浅II度,深II度及III度烫伤创面模型的致伤时间分别为5s,8s和12s;汤伤创面深度随病程逐渐加深,直至伤后24h才稳定,伤后48h的组织学改变类似伤后24h,结论：烫伤创面深度应以伤后24h创面深度稳定后的深度为诊断标准,本方法操作简单,所建模型稳定,重复性好,不失为一种建立小鼠不同深度烫伤模型的较为理想的方法。     

海水淹溺肺水肿兔血浆MDA和SOD的变化

目的 :观察海水淹溺肺水肿 (PE SWD)兔血浆中丙二醛 (MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)变化规律 ,探讨上述两项指标发生变化的原因和机制。方法 :用核黄素光照法和硫代巴比妥酸法 ,对PE SWD兔动脉血浆MDA和SOD进行定量检测和动态观察。结果 :灌海水后 30min ,MDA和SOD较灌海水前均显著升高 ,尔后两者均逐渐下降 ,但仍远远高于灌海水前。结论 :PE SWD发生发展过程中 ,MDA的损害性作用使肺泡表面活性物质表面特性发生改变 ,影响了正常的呼吸功能 ,并掩盖了SOD的保护性作用。     

乙烯直接氧化制乙酸的研究

采用固定床流动装置考察了乙烯直接氧化制乙酸的新工艺,并对该过程的催化剂进行研究开发。结果表明,以硅胶为载体、铬氧化物为助剂、Ｐｄ和Ｈ３ＰＯ４的质量分数分别为０．０１５和０．３０时（以载体的质量计）,催化剂具有最佳活性,此时乙烯的转化率和乙酸的选择性分别可达４．４％和６８．９％,乙酸的单程时空收６率达１３４ｇ／（Ｌ．ｈ）。     

低氧对体外培养的肺血管周细胞免疫表型的影响

用细胞培养、免疫细胞化学染色、图像分析及流式细胞术观察低氧和猪肺动脉缺氧内皮细胞条件培养液(HECCM)对体外培养的新生大鼠肺血管周细胞 (PC)α- SM- actin、 CD34 、 S- 10 0和 PCNA的表达及细胞周期的影响。结果发现 ,低氧和 HECCM可促进 PC表达α- SM- actin和 PCNA,而抑制 CD34 和 S- 10 0的合成 ,促进 PC由静止期 (G0 /G1 期 )进入 DNA合成期 (S期 )及有丝分裂期 (G2 M期 )。提示 ,低氧不仅能促进 PC增殖 ,而且还可促进其向平滑肌样细胞转化。故 PC是慢性低氧性肺动脉高压时无肌型细动脉肌化的重要细胞来源。     

99mTc-DTPA气溶胶显像测定呼吸道粘液纤毛清除功能

为进一步研究呼吸道疾病时的粘液纤毛清除功能,采用99mTc-DTPA气溶胶吸入显像,通过电影显示定性和定量指标分析.对18 例健康受试者和患者进行了显像研究,得到气道清除率和粘液纤毛清除率的正常值,并观察了32例慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)患者气管-支气管纤毛清除功能的改变.结果显示,健康受试者与COPD患者粘液纤毛清除率(mm/min)分别为3.89±0.92和1.32±0.59,两者比较有显著性差异(P＜0.01),COPD患者不同时间气道清除率和粘液纤毛清除率均明显低于健康受试者(P＜0.01).本研究方法简便客观,具有定性观察和定量分析的优点,对于呼吸系统其它疾病(如支气管扩张、原发性纤毛无运动)的研究及药物疗效的评价具有重要的临床实用价值.     

Study on sensitivity of neuroglioma to chemotherapeutic drugs]

In this study, the chemosensitivity of 36 cases' fresh neuroglioma specimens was examined in vitro with MTT assay. The separation method for single tumor cell, the number of planting of cells, and the dosage and acting time of drugs, which have effects on the results of MTT assay, were studied systematically. On the basis of this experiment, we established a screening method for the chemosensitivity of neuroglioma; it is accurate, rapid, and simple. At the same time, the results showed that neuroglioma was more sensitive to the chemotherapeutic drugs Vm26, DDP and MMC, and the sensitivity varied with not only the drugs but also the individuals.     

影响鼻咽癌病人受损颅神经恢复的因素分析

目的：探讨影响鼻咽癌病人受损颅神经恢复的相关因素。方法：１９８９年１月至１９９１年１月我科收治鼻咽癌伴颅神经受损病人１２８例,共２４５条颅神经受损。对影响受损颅神经功能恢复的可能因素进行单因素及多因素Ｃｏｘ模型分析。结果：放疗后１年内受损颅神经中有６５．７％（１６１／２４５）完全恢复,１９．２％（４７／２４５）部分恢复,１５．１％（３７／２４５）无变化,总的有效率为８４．９％（２０８／２４５）。单     

The acceptance of SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen self-testing: A cross-sectional study in China

Compared with the nucleic acid amplification test (NATT), the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) rapid antigen self-testing (RAST) has advantages in speed and convenience. However, little is known about people's acceptance and influencing factors for SARS-CoV-2 RAST. A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 21 to 30, 2022 in China. The χ² test and multivariate logistic regressions were used to identify the influencing factors. The structural equation model was used to test the extended protective motivation theory (PMT) model hypotheses. Among the total of 5107 participants, 62.5% were willing to accept the SARS-CoV-2 RAST. There were significant differences in acceptance among different residences (p < 0.001), educational level (p < 0.001), occupation (p < 0.001), monthly income (p < 0.001), travel frequency (p < 0.05), and feelings about NATT (p < 0.001). Response efficacy (β = 0.05; p = 0.025) and self-efficacy (β = 0.84; p < 0.001) had a positive effect, while response cost showed a negative effect (β = −0.07; p < 0.001). The public's major concerns about SARS-CoV-2 RAST are its reliability, testing method, price, and authority. Overall, a moderate intention to use SARS-CoV-2 RAST was found among the Chinese population. The extended PMT can be used for the prediction of intention to accept the RAST. We need to take measures to increase people's acceptance of SARS-CoV-2 RAST.     

Screening and identification of 3-aryl-quinolin-2-one derivatives as antiviral agents against influenza A

Quinolin-2-one represents an important and valuable chemical motif that possesses a wide variety of biological activities; however, the anti-influenza activities of quinolin-2-one-containing compounds were rarely reported. Herein, we describe the screening and identification of 3-aryl-quinolin-2-one derivatives as a novel class of antiviral agents. The 3-aryl-quinolinone derivatives were synthesized via an efficient copper-catalyzed reaction cascade that we previously developed. Using this synthetic method, preliminary structure–activity relationships of this scaffold against the influenza A virus infection were systematically explored. The most potent compound 34 displayed IC₅₀ values of 2.14 and 4.88 μM against the replication of H3N2 (A/HK/8/68) and H1N1 (A/WSN/33) strains, respectively, without apparent cytotoxicity on MDCK cells. We further demonstrated that 27 and 34 potently inhibited the plaque formation of the IAV, rendering this scaffold attractive for pursuing novel anti-influenza agents.     

检测Ⅳ型胶原蛋白直接双抗夹心法的建立与评价

目的 :建立血清 型胶原蛋白 (COL - )浓度测定的直接双抗夹心法 ,为临床诊断肝纤维化提供一种新的指标。方法 :采用本科室自制的 COL - 单克隆酶标抗体、多克隆抗体建立的直接双抗夹心法 ,同时采用日本试剂盒测定 6 0份正常和肝脏病人血清 COL- 浓度做对照比较。结果 :两种方法无显著性差异 (P>0 .0 5 ,t=0 .16 6 ) ;两法相关分析 ,γ=0 .834,回归方程为 Y=0 .5 9X+ 70 .874。结论 :直接双抗夹心法测定血清 COL- 操作简便、特异、准确 ,可作为辅助诊断肝纤维化的可靠指标 ,并可在临床推广应用