应用输尿管镜放置双J管早期治疗输尿管阴道瘘

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of placing double J stent using a ureteroscope in early managing ureterovaginal fistula.Methods Twenty-eight patients cases with ureterovaginal fistula from 2002 to 2008 were treated early with placing double J stent using a ureteroscope and the clinical data were reviewed.Results Twenty-two of 28 cases were treated and double J stent was placed in them by a uretero-scope and 75% (21/28)of cases were cured.Four of 21 cases were treated twice by a ureteroscope and were cured finally.7 cases with failure ureterovaginal treatment underwent ureterocystostomy and were cured.The follow-up from 6 months to 33 months (average 10.1±6.4 months)showed that all of the 28 cases had been cured and had no urinary fistula.Conclusion Placing double J stent using a ureteroscope is the first choice of operative procedure for the early treatment of ureterovaginal fistula.     

管状膨体聚四氟乙烯用于组织工程支架材料的动物实验研究

目的：研究膨体聚四氟乙烯(ePTFE)植入动物体内后与机体的关系。方法：管状膨体聚四氟乙烯两端闭合，内充DMEM培养液，埋入家兔皮下，观察宿主生命情况，于术后1、2、4、6周取出标本，行大体及光镜下观察。结果：家兔在植入膨体聚四氟乙烯材料及DMEM培养液后存活情况良好，DMEM培养液在1周时即已完全无色透明；4周时膨体聚四氟乙烯与周围组织有粘连，6周时粘连紧密；光镜下观察，各时间点材料间隙均可见着色，1周时可见少量淋巴细胞浸润，无血管及组织细胞。材料内壁未见细胞附着。结论：植入膨体聚四氟乙烯材料及少量DMEM培养液对宿主动物存活无影响；管内外液体可相互交通，管状膨体聚四氟乙烯可作为组织工程化尿道的支架材料。     

The upregulation of glial glutamate transporter-1 participates in the induction of brain ischemic tolerance in rats.

Glial glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) plays an essential role in removing glutamate from the extracellular space and maintaining the glutamate below neurotoxic level in the brain. To explore whether GLT-1 plays a role in the acquisition of brain ischemic tolerance (BIT) induced by cerebral ischemic preconditioning (CIP), the present study was undertaken to observe in vivo changes in the expression of GLT-1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the CA1 hippocampus during the induction of BIT, and the effect of dihydrokainate (DHK), an inhibitor of GLT-1, on the acquisition of BIT in rats. Immunohistochemistry for GFAP showed that the processes of astrocytes were prolonged after a CIP 2 days before the lethal ischemic insult, which could protect pyramidal neurons in the CA1 hippocampus against delayed neuronal death induced normally by lethal ischemic insult. The prolonged processes extended into the area between the pyramidal neurons and tightly surrounded them. These changes made the pyramidal layer look like a 'shape grid'. Simultaneously, the prolonged and extended processes showed a great deal of GLT-1. Western blotting analysis showed significant upregulation of GLT-1 expression after the CIP, especially when it was administered 2 days before the subsequent lethal ischemic insult. Neuropathological evaluation by thionin staining showed that DHK dose-dependently blocked the protective role of CIP against delayed neuronal death induced normally by lethal brain ischemia. It might be concluded that the surrounding of pyramidal neurons by astrocytes and upregulation of GLT-1 induced by CIP played an important role in the acquisition of the BIT induced by CIP.     

矢状缝早闭(舟状头)全颅成形术

目的探讨治疗矢状缝早闭(舟状头)畸形的手术方法。方法采用David“‖”形颅缝重建法(6例)、旋转骨瓣截骨法(2例)、梅花颅骨瓣头颅盖成型法(3例)等术式对舟状头进行矫治。结果11例患儿均治愈,外形满意。结论1~3个月舟状头宜采用简单的David“‖”形颅缝重建法进行治疗,3个月以上的患儿可选用浮动颅骨瓣头颅成型术、梅花瓣法颅骨瓣头颅盖成型术等方法进行治疗。     

上前牙倒置阻生拔除后再植的临床体会

为探讨上前牙倒置阻生拔除后再植的可行性，选择上前牙倒置阻生病例15例，经正畸治疗扩展间隙，再经口腔外科手术拔除后再植。结果，86．7％的病例获得良好的治疗效果，无明显松动。认为用拔除后再植术治疗上前牙倒置阻生，能明显改善面形和咀嚼功能，避免了拔牙后再修复。     

不同脑缺血和再灌流过程中大鼠脑组织NO含量的动态变化

采用线栓法制成大鼠大脑中动脉梗塞 ( MCAO)模型 ,依 Hb O2 - NO法测定持续性脑缺血和缺血 /再灌流脑组织内 NO含量的变化 ,以探讨不同脑缺血和再灌流过程中 NO的变化规律及其意义。结果 :缺血 3小时受损脑组织 NO水平即增高 ,再灌流后 NO逐步升高 ,而持续性缺血状态下 NO则表现降低后再升高的变化。虽然两组 NO在 7天时均有明显降低 ,但仍高于缺血前水平。认为持续性脑缺血和缺血 /再灌流情况下 NO的变化规律有所不同 ,与缺血脑组织的缺氧及产生 NO所需底物供应缺乏有关 ,且可能与脑组织的损害密切相关     

2型糖尿病患者血浆TNF-α水平与胰岛素抵抗的关系

目的　探讨 2型糖尿病患者血浆TNF -α水平与胰岛素抵抗的关系。方法　用放免法测定 3 8例非肥胖型 2型糖尿病患者及 3 0例正常人的血浆TNF -α浓度 ,计算胰岛素敏感指数 (ISI)和体重指数 (BMI) ,并将血浆TNF -α分别与ISI、BMI做直线相关分析。结果　 2型糖尿病患者血浆TNF -α水平为 3 0 79± 6 64fmol/ml,显著高于正常对照组 ,(P <0 0 0 5 ) ;糖尿病组ISI为 -5 64±0 3 5 ,而正常对照组为 -4 0 4± 0 43 ,二者有显著性差异 (P <0 0 0 1。 2型糖尿病患者血浆TNF -α水平与ISI的相关系数为 -0 67(P <0 0 0 5 ) ,呈显著负相关 ;在女性患者 ,血浆TNF -α水平与BMI呈显著正相关 ,直线回归方程为Y =1 2 19X +2 40 6,r =0 68(P<0 0 0 5 )。结论　非肥胖型 2型糖尿病患者存在胰岛素抵抗 ;非肥胖型 2型糖尿病患者血浆TNF -α水平升高 ,并可间接反映胰岛素抵抗程度     

Application of a 3D volume 19FMR imaging protocol for mapping oxygen tension (pO2) in perfluorocarbons at low field

A limited flip angle gradient-echo 3D volume acquisition imaging protocol for mapping partial pressure of oxygen (pO₂) in perfluorocarbon compounds (PFCs) at low field (0.14 T) is presented. The pO₂ measurement method is based on the paramagnetic effect of dissolved molecular oxygen (O₂) which reduces the PFC ¹⁹F T_1? Specific objectives related to imaging of PFCs through use of the protocol include improved image signal-to-noise characteristics and elimination of ¹⁹F chemical shift artifacts. A parametric Wiener deconvolution filtering algorithm is used for suppression of ¹⁹F chemical shift artifacts. Application of the protocol is illustrated in a series of calculated pO₂ maps of a gas equilibrated, multi-chamber phantom containing perfluorotributylamine (FC-43). The utility of the protocol is demonstrated in vivo through images of a commercially available perfluorocarbon based blood substitute emulsion containing FC-43 sequestered in the liver and spleen of a rat.     

合欢皮与山合欢皮氨基酸及微量元素的分析

目的 :探讨山东、湖北合欢皮与山合欢皮的内在质量。方法 :用氨基酸自动分析仪和原子吸收分光光度计对山东、湖北合欢皮与山合欢皮的氨基酸及部分微量元素进行分析。结果 :山东、湖北合欢皮与山合欢皮均含大量人体必需氨基酸和微量元素。结论 :为评价产地对合欢皮质量的影响以及合欢皮与山合欢皮的质量差异提供了依据     

劈裂技术在白内障超声乳化术中的应用

目的：探讨劈裂技术在白内障超声乳化术中的应用。方法：运用劈裂技术治疗白内障及囊袋内植入人工晶体462例(516眼)。参数设定：能量50％～70%，负压150～l80mmHg(1mmHg=0．133kPa)，流量24ml／min。结果：超声平均时间1．3min，最短0．4min，术后1天裸眼视力≥0．5者占69％，≥1．0者21％。术后1周最佳矫正视力≥0．5者占78％，≥1．0者25％。术中后囊破裂14只限。术后角膜轻度水肿59只眼，1周内消退。结论：劈裂技术具有使用能量低、超声时间短等优点，是目前较理想的机械性碎核方法。