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231.
BACKGROUND: In southeastern Michigan, the group O, Rh-negative (O-) red cell supply was below emergency levels during one-sixth of 1994, despite 43-percent overcollection of O- red cell units relative to the size of the O- patient population. O- red cell units are overutilized because of their universal ABO and Rh compatibility. This study evaluated how hospitals in a large metropolitan area utilized O- red cell units, so that strategies could be devised to reduce O- usage. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Through an O- red cell utilization survey, 56 hospitals were encouraged to collect three months' worth of transfusion data, either prospectively or retrospectively. O- usage was compared to total red cell usage and categorized into transfusions to O- patients, those to non-O- patients, and the number of O- units that outdated. RESULTS: Of 40,616 units transfused in 38 hospitals, 3,535 (8.7%) were O-; 71 percent of the O- units were transfused to O- patients, 28 percent were transfused to non-O- patients, and 1 percent outdated. Hospital transfusions to O- patients appeared to correlate with the racial makeup of the patient population, while hospital transfusions to non-O- patients appeared to correlate with hospital size and the hospital's transfusion practices. CONCLUSION: O- red cell usage in a hospital is dependent on the racial and ethnic mix of the hospital's patient population, the amount of transfusion activity, and the hospital's transfusion practices. An understanding of the dynamics of O- usage allowed the development of strategies to decrease O- utilization. 相似文献
232.
F Hoffmann B Grimbacher J Thiel HH Peter BH Belohradsky Vivaglobin® Study Group 《European journal of medical research》2010,15(6):238-245
Background
Subcutaneous immunoglobulin (SCIG) therapy is an alternative to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy.Methods
We evaluated the efficacy and safety of the SCIG Vivaglobin® (formerly known as Beriglobin® SC) under real-life conditions in a post-marketing observational study in 82 patients with primary or secondary antibody deficiencies. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was evaluated in a subset of 30 patients previously treated with IVIG (including 11 children < 14 years) using the Short Form 36 (SF-36) for patients ≥ 14 years of age (adults) and the Child Health Questionnaire - Parental Form 50 (CHQ-PF50) for children < 14 years of age. Treatment preferences were assessed in adults.Results
The mean serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) trough level during SCIG treatment (7.5 g/L) was higher than during previous IVIG treatment (6.6 g/L; p < 0.01). The investigators assessed the efficacy of SCIG therapy as "excellent" in 89% of patients. No systemic adverse drug reactions were observed. Improvements by ≥ 5 points were observed in 5 of 8 SF36 subscales and in 6 of 12 CHQ-PF50 subscales. Statistically significant improvements (p ≤ 0.05) were observed for the SF-36 subscales of bodily pain, general health perceptions, and vitality (adults), and for the CHQ-PF50 subscales of general health perceptions, parental impact - time, parental impact - emotional, and family activities (children). Patients preferred SCIG over IVIG therapy (92%) and home therapy over therapy at the clinic/physician (83%).Conclusion
This study confirms that therapy with Vivaglobin® at home is effective, safe, well tolerated, and improves quality of life in patients with antibody deficiency. 相似文献233.
234.
老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征与心血管疾病的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
0 引言 睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(sleep apnea syndrome, SAS)是指每晚7 h睡眠中出现持续10 s以上的呼吸暂停大于30次或睡眠呼吸暂停/低通气指数(AHI,即平均每小时呼吸暂停次数 低通气次数)≥5,60岁以上老年人AHI≥10.SAS分为三型,即阻塞性(obstructive sleep apnea, OSA)、中枢性(central sleep apnea, CSA)和混合性(mixed sleep apnea, MSA). 相似文献