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11.
Matrine,oxymatrine, and compound Kushen injection from the roots of Sophora flavescens: an overview of their anticancer activities 下载免费PDF全文
In the present review, we updated current information on the chemistry, contents, and anticancer properties of matrine (MT), oxymatrine (OMT), and compound Kushen injection (CKI). The anticancer properties were focused on lung, breast, and liver cancer cells because they are most susceptible. Sources of information were from Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, PubChem, J-Stage, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Reference was also made on botanical websites, such as Flora of China and World Flora Online. MT and OMT are dominant quinolizidine alkaloids from the roots of Sophora flavescens (Kushen) of the family Fabaceae. Against lung, breast, and liver cancer cells, MT and OMT inhibit cell proliferation; induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy; restrict angiogenesis; and inhibit cell metastasis, invasion, and migration. The processes involve various molecular targets and signaling pathways. CKI is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) composed of root extracts of S. flavescens and Smilax glabra (Baituling) of the family Smilacaceae. With MT and OMT as major components, CKI has been approved for the treatment of cancer in China more than 20 years ago. In recent years, systematic reviews and meta-analysis have been undertaken to evaluate the anticancer effects of CKI. When CKI is used alone and in combination with chemotherapy of western medicine, there is much to be learned concerning their interactions besides their individual and integrated efficacy. Some perspectives of MT, OMT, and CKI are discussed, and their suggestions for future research are provided. 相似文献
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Mahwash Kassi Venkateshwar Polsani Robert C. Schutt Solomon Wong Faisal Nabi Michael J. Reardon Dipan J. Shah 《The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2019,157(5):1912-1922.e2
Background
The purpose of this analysis is to describe the differences in cardiac magnetic resonance characteristics between benign and malignant tumors, which would be helpful for surgical planning.Methods
This was a prospective cohort study of 130 patients who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of a suspected cardiac mass. After excluding thrombi and tumors without definitive diagnosis, 66 tumors were evaluated for morphologic features and tissue composition.Results
Of the 66 patients, 39 (59.0%) had malignant tumors and 27 (41.0%) had benign tumors. Patients with malignant tumors were younger when compared with those with benign tumors (age 51 years [42.8-60.0] vs 65 years [60.0-71.0] median). Malignant tumors more often demonstrated tumor invasion (69% vs 0% P < .001) and were more often associated with pericardial effusion (41% vs 7.4% P = .004). Presence of first-pass perfusion (100% vs 33% P < .001) and late gadolinium enhancement (100% vs 59.2%, P < .001) were significantly higher in malignant tumors. In logistic regression modeling, tumor invasion (P < .001) and first-pass perfusion (P < .001) were independently associated with malignancy. Furthermore, using classification and regression tree analysis, we developed a decision tree algorithm to help differentiate benign from malignant tumors (diagnostic accuracy ~90%). The algorithm-weighted cost of misclassifying a malignant tumor as benign was twice that of classifying a benign tumor as malignant.Conclusions
Our study demonstrates that cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is a useful noninvasive method for differentiating malignant from benign cardiac tumors. Tumor size, invasion, and first-pass perfusion were useful imaging characteristics in differentiating benign from malignant tumors. 相似文献18.
Prevalence of Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing Among Hong Kong Older Adults: A Comparison of the Beers 2003, Beers 2012, and Screening Tool of Older Person's Prescriptions and Screening Tool to Alert doctors to Right Treatment Criteria 下载免费PDF全文
19.
背景:对于脊椎以外的骨折而言,补充口服维生素D的预防作用和用量仍无定论。
目的:评估补充维生素D在预防老年髋骨骨折和非脊椎骨折方面的效果。
数据来源:使用MEDLINE、Cochrance对照试验记录(1960~2005年)以及EMBASE(1991-2005年),对英文和非英文文章进行系统回顾。通过与临床专家接触,通过检索美国社会骨和骨矿研究协会提供的参考文献和摘要(1995~2004年).进一步寻找更多的研究。检索词包括随机对照试验(randomized controlled trial,RCT)、临床对照试验、随机分配、双盲法、维生素D3、维生素D2;25-羟基维生素D、骨折、人类、老年、摔倒和骨密度。
研究选取:纳入的研究仅限于口服补充维生素D(维生素D3、维生素D2、补钙或不补钙)与补钙或安慰剂比较的双盲RCTs。试验于检查髋部骨折或非脊椎骨折的老年人(年龄≥60岁)中进行。数据提取:两位作者根据预先规定独立提取相关数据,其中包括研究质量指标。
数据综合:所有的汇总分析均以随机效应模型为基础。5项有关髋部骨折的RCTs(n=9294)和7项有关非脊椎骨折危险的RCTs(n=9820)符合我们的纳入标准。所有试验均使用了维生素D3。对髋部和非脊椎骨折预防研究的异质性亦进行观察,用低剂量(400IU/d)和高剂量(700~800IU/d)分别合并RCTs后异质性消失。与补钙或安慰剂相比,每天服700~800IU的维生素D可使髋部骨折的相对危险(relative risk,aa)下降26%(3项RCTs共计5572人;RR,0.74;95%可信区间[confidence interval,CI],0.61~0.88),使非脊椎骨折的相对危险下降23%(5项RCTs共计6098人;RR,0.77;95%CI,0.68~0.87)。每天服400IU的维生素D(2项RCTs共计3722人;髋部骨折RR,1.15;95%CI,0.88~1.50;非脊椎骨折RR,1.03;95%CI,0.86—1.24)未见明显获益。
结论:口服补充维生素D(700~800IU/d)可以降低尚能活动的老人或慈善机构收容的老年人发生髋部骨折和脊椎以外骨折的危险,每天口服400IU维生素D并不足以预防骨折。 相似文献
20.
S F Wong A Lee-Tannock D Amaraddio F Y Chan H D McIntyre 《Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology》2006,28(7):934-938
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of glucose control on the rate of growth of fetuses in women with pregestational diabetes mellitus (Types 1 and 2). METHODS: All pregestational diabetic women booked at Mater Mothers' Hospital, Brisbane, Australia, between 1 January 1994 and 31 December 2002, were included. Pregnancies with congenital fetal anomalies, multiple pregnancies, and pregnancies terminated prior to 20 weeks' gestation were excluded. Dating scans were performed before 14 weeks' gestation and serial scans were performed at 18, 24, 28, 32 and 36 weeks. Fetal parameters, including biparietal diameter, femur length and abdominal circumference, were recorded. The daily growth rates for biparietal diameter, femur length, and fetal abdominal area were calculated and compared with those in a low-risk (non-diabetic) population. The growth rates in fetuses of women with satisfactory diabetic control (HbA1c < 6.5%) and unsatisfactory control (HbA1c > or = 6.5%) in the three trimesters were compared. RESULTS: A total of 174 diabetic pregnancies were included and a total of 997 ultrasound scans were performed. The growth rates for fetuses of mothers with diabetes mellitus were significantly higher than for those in the low-risk population. The z-scores for biparietal diameter, femur length, and fetal abdominal area were 0.18, 0.59 and 1.44, respectively. Fetuses of diabetic mothers with high HbA1c in the first trimester had significantly greater fetal abdominal area growth rate than those with normal HbA1c (fetal abdominal area z-score of 1.7 vs. 0.75, P = 0.009). Although the fetal abdominal area z-scores in fetuses of diabetic mothers with high HbA1c in the second or third trimesters were also higher than those with normal HbA1c levels, the differences did not reach statistical significance. Maternal obesity did not influence the fetal growth rate. CONCLUSION: The rate of growth of fetuses of diabetic mothers differs from that of the normal population. Growth acceleration persists until the late third trimester. Moreover, periconceptional glucose control appears to have a significant effect on accelerated growth of the fetal abdominal area. 相似文献