Health-related quality of life and colorectal cancer-specific symptoms in patients with chemotherapy-refractory metastatic disease treated with panitumumab

Purpose  

Panitumumab monotherapy is approved for chemotherapy-refractory wild-type KRAS metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Patient-reported outcomes—although important in the palliative setting—have not been reported in this patient population.     

Applicability of LLD in neutron dosimetry

The applicability of LLD in neutron dosimetry was tested and the optimum materials were determined. Investigations have been performed on lyoluminescence variations in sensitivity (X-rays and neutrons) for five different materials: the polyalcohols, mannitol and xylitol, the saccharides, trehalose and glucose and the amino acid, leucine. The decisive factor for the choice of a dosimetric material is its tissue equivalence. The results show striking differences in neutron and gamma sensitivities between the dosimetric materials. The different sensitivities for fast neutrons and gamma-rays can be used for simultaneous determination of neutron and gamma doses in mixed neutron photon radiation fields. The successful application of this dosimetric method can be shown by phantom- and in-vivo-measurements.     

药物性聋和非综合征性聋相关的线粒体DNA C1494T突变对细胞功能的影响

目的通过细胞学方法，分析药物性聋和非综合征性聋相关的线粒体DNA C1494T突变对细胞功能的影响。方法将从携带C1494T突变的中国家系成员的淋巴细胞中的线粒体分别转移到线粒体DNA缺乏的p^0206细胞中，分别形成融合细胞系，然后对耳聋相关的线粒体12S rRNA C1494T突变进行生化特性的研究。其中，来自2名听力正常者的6个融合细胞系，来自听力下降者的9个融合细胞系，均有线粒体DNA C1494T突变。结果来自听力下降者的融合细胞系的线粒体DNA标记速率分别比对照组4名成员的12个融合细胞系下降了38％和43％，这一缺陷显然造成了携带C1494T突变的融合细胞（不论来自听力正常者还是来自听力下降者）的细胞总体呼吸率下降，或苹果酸，谷氨酸、琥珀酸，3一磷酸甘油及TMPD／抗坏血酸所始动的呼吸率下降。而且，和对照组的细胞系相比，有C1494T突变的听力正常者或听力下降者的融合细胞系在含有（或不含）高浓度巴龙霉素的DMEM培养液中，细胞倍增时间有非常显著的一致增加。结论我们的试验结果首次以直接的生化学证据证明：线粒体12SrRNA的A位点是氨基糖甙类药物性聋的主要作用位点；而且细胞核背景在线粒体DNA 12S rRNA C1494T突变导致的非综合征性聋和氨基糖甙类耳毒性的发病中起着关键性的作用。     

中药玉竹有效成分研究

自江苏海门产百合科植物玉竹[Polygonatum odoratum(Mill.)Druce]根茎的乙醇提取物中分得六个单体化合物,根据化学性质和光谱解析,鉴定其化学结构分别为β-谷甾醇(S-A)),β-谷甾醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(S-B),25(R,S)螺甾-5-烯-3β-醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→2)-[β-D-吡喃木糖基-(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→4)-β-吡喃半乳糖甙(POD-I),25(R)螺甾-5-烯-3β,14a-二醇-3-0-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→2)-[β-D-吡喃木糖基-(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→4)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙(POD-II),25(R,S)螺甾-5-烯-3β,14a-二醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→2)-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→4)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙(POD-III)和25(R,S)螺甾-5-烯-3β-醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1-2)-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃哺葡萄糖基(1→4)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙(POD-IV)。POD-II为首次分离得到的25(R)构型的纯品,POD-III和POD-IV为首次从玉竹中得到。经初步药理实验显示,POD-II有诱生集落刺激因子(CSF)的作用,POD-III能协同ConA和Lps对淋巴细胞转化有促进作用。     

Effect of coadministration of ketoconazole, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, on pharmacokinetics and tolerability of motesanib diphosphate (AMG 706) in patients with advanced solid tumors

Motesanib diphosphate is a novel angiogenesis inhibitor selectively targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1, 2, and 3; platelet-derived growth factor receptor and stem cell factor receptor. The purpose of this phase 1b, drug-drug interaction study was to investigate the effect of ketoconazole, a strong inhibitor of the cytochrome P450 3A4 isoenzyme, on the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of motesanib diphosphate. Fourteen patients with advanced solid tumors refractory to standard treatment were enrolled and received motesanib diphosphate 50 mg once daily from day 1 through 15. Patients were randomized to receive a single oral dose of ketoconazole 400 mg either on day 8 (Sequence 1; n = 7) or day 15 (Sequence 2; n = 7), while pharmacokinetic samples were collected. After completion of this part (day 16), 13 patients received an escalated once-daily dose of motesanib diphosphate 125 mg. Evaluable pharmacokinetic data (n = 12) suggest that ketoconazole modestly increased motesanib exposure. The motesanib area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) from 0 to 24 h increased by 86% (90% CI, 1.50-2.29; P < 0.001) and the maximum plasma concentration (C (max)) by 35% (90% CI, 1.12-1.64; P = 0.02), compared with motesanib diphosphate administration alone. The tolerability profile (with or without ketoconazole coadministration) was consistent with that from other motesanib diphosphate monotherapy studies. Treatment-related adverse events were mild to moderate and commonly included fatigue (50% of patients), hypertension (43%), diarrhea (21%), dizziness (14%), paresthesia (14%), and vomiting (14%). Hypertension was the most common related grade 3 event (21%). No grade 4 or 5 treatment-related adverse events occurred.