Patient characteristics and resource utilisation in paediatric intensive care

To determine the relation between basic clinical characteristics and resource utilisation in paediatric intensive care, an open prospective study was performed. Resource utilisation was expressed using the therapeutic intervention score system (TISS) and length of stay (LOS), from which total resource utilisation per admission (TISSTOT) and average daily resource utilisation (TISSMEAN = TISSTOT/LOS) were obtained. Overall 593 admissions, totalling 3130 days, were included. Mortality was 8.4% and non-survivors accounted for 14.1% of overall resource utilisation. In non-survivors, TISSTOT and TISSMEAN were higher, whereas LOS was not different from survivors'. Severity of illness, surgical status, significant chronic comorbidity, emergency admission, and transfer status constituted the major predictive determinants of TISSTOT (r2 = 0.19) and TISSMEAN (r2 = 0.45) in multiple regression analysis. High resource utilisation in high risk patients was probably warranted, as effectiveness of prolonged intensive treatment was demonstrated. It is concluded that TISSTOT and TISSMEAN are appropriate, non-monetary measures of resource utilisation, a considerable proportion of which are determined by a concise set of basic clinical characteristics.     

苄基四氢巴马汀对α和β等受体的影响

苄基四氢巴马汀(BTHP)使苯福林对大鼠肛尾肌和兔主动脉条作用的累积量效曲线平行右移,最大反应不压低,pA₂值分别为5.86和5.8,但对甲氧明和B-HT920升高DP作用的量效曲线无明显影响。BTHP可使异丙肾上腺素和组胺正性频率作用的量效曲线非平行右移,最大反应压低。BTHP还能明显缩短大鼠再灌流所致心律失常的持续时间。结果提示,BTHP对α₁受体的阻断及对β和H₂受体的非竞争性拮抗作用可能与该药抗心律失常作用有部分关系但并非其主要机理。     

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the femoropopliteal artery: initial and long-term results

Patients with dilated stenoses and recanalized occlusions were evaluated to assess the initial and long-term results of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in the femoropopliteal artery. The follow-up period was at least 1 year. The initial success rate was 84% (128/164). The initial results were influenced by the radiologist's experience, catheter selection, and type of lesion. The 5- and 7-year cumulative patency rates were 70% and 60%. There was no difference in long-term patency between initially successful stenoses and short (less than 3 cm) occlusions. Both the morphology and location of the stenotic lesion influenced the long-term results. Although many factors influence the initial and long-term success rate, results of this study justify PTA in the femoropopliteal artery. Patients with localized stenoses and short occlusions are best suited for this treatment.     

Intraoperative ultrasound examination of the brain

In a preliminary demonstration of cranial intraoperative real-time ultrasound, both supratentorial and posterior fossa scans displayed the pertinent anatomy. A grade III astrocytoma was visualized on the supratentorial scan as well. Ultrasound may be valuable for surgical planning and biopsy procedures because of its reliable depiction of intracranial anatomy and ease of use.     

2010美国心脏病学会基金会/美国心脏学会关于氯吡格雷的应用警告概述

2010年8月,美国心脏病学会基金会（ACCF）、美国心脏学会（AHA）共同发布了美国食品药品管理局（FDA）关于氯吡格雷的＂盒装警告＂,主要针对医师和患者提出建议,其内容包括：通过检测药物基因型以明确患者氯吡格雷的代谢变化,患者不良反应的风险,基因多态性对氯吡格雷的代谢及临床影响。