Selenoprotein S expression in the rat brain following focal cerebral ischemia

Recent studies on cerebral ischemic stroke have demonstrated the importance of the inflammatory response. Ongoing inflammatory insults have been implicated as a secondary mechanism underlying neuronal injury induced by ischemia, and anti-inflammatory strategies have gained considerable interest. Selenoprotein S (SelS), which is an endoplasmic reticulum resident protein, is known to promote cell survival by regulating inflammation. Moreover, SelS has been shown to be responsive to ischemia in cultured astrocytes. A Finnish report revealed that a variation in the SelS gene locus is associated with a higher predisposition to ischemic stroke in humans, suggesting a crucial role for SelS in protection against brain ischemia. However, the time-course of SelS expression following cerebral ischemia in vivo remains unknown. In the present study, we show, for the first time, differential SelS expression from 3 h to 7 days after reperfusion in rats with transient focal cerebral ischemia induced by a 1-h middle cerebral artery occlusion. We found that the SelS protein level decreased in the ischemic core 3–7 days after reperfusion. Furthermore, SelS expression was upregulated in the ischemic penumbra adjacent to the ischemic core 3–7 days after reperfusion and is matched by reactive astrogliosis. Thus, we propose that the upregulation of Sels represents a reaction of astrocytes against inflammatory stimuli, and the findings of this study open a new chapter in the research of the interrelationships between SelS and cerebral ischemic stroke.     

颈内和大脑中动脉重度狭窄或闭塞的分水岭梗死类型与机制的研究

目的研究单侧动脉粥样硬化性大脑中动脉(MCA)及颈内动脉(ICA)重度狭窄或闭塞所致急性缺血性脑卒中患者分水岭梗死(WI)类型及发病机制。方法起病48h内DWI诊断的急性分水岭梗死伴有动脉粥样硬化性MCA/ICA重度狭窄与闭塞的患者102例,其中MCA组38例,ICA组64例,有潜在心源性栓子患者除外。急性期DWI上分水岭梗死病灶分为:(1)单纯分水岭梗死病灶;(2)含分水岭梗死的多发梗死病灶。结果 ICA组单纯分水岭梗死病灶较多,其中前+内分水岭梗死的例数最多,与MCA组比较具差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);ICA组复合梗死病灶中,出现最多的梗死类型为穿支动脉伴分水岭梗死,与MCA组比较差异具有统计学意义。MCA组以穿支动脉伴皮层支梗死伴分水岭梗死最多,且与ICA组比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论颈内和大脑中动脉重度狭窄与闭塞所致分水岭梗死的类型有明显的不同,提示有着不同的发病机制。     

An optimal dose of tea polyphenols protects against global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

Previous studies addressing the protection of tea polyphenols against cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion injury often use focal cerebral ischemia models, and the optimal dose is not unified. In this experiment, a cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury rat model was established using a modified four-vessel occlusion method. Rats were treated with different doses of tea polyphenols (25, 50, 100, 150, 200 mg/kg) via intraperitoneal injection. Results showed that after 2, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours of reperfusion, peroxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capacity in brain tissue gradually increased, while malondialdehyde content gradually decreased after tea polyphenol intervention. Tea polyphenols at 200 mg/kg resulted in the most apparent changes. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling and flow cytometry showed that 200 mg/kg tea polyphenols significantly reduced the number and percentage of apoptotic cells in the hippocampal CA1 region of rats after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. The open field test and elevated plus maze experiments showed that tea polyphenols at 200 mg/kg strengthened exploratory behavior and reduced anxiety of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injured rats. Experimental findings indicate that tea polyphenols protected rats against cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion injury and 200 mg/kg is regarded as the optimal dose.     

复合肌肉动作电位与周围神经损伤程度的相关性研究

目的:分析45例腓总神经不全损伤患者复合肌肉动作电位（CMAP）的波幅、时程,探讨其与周围神经损伤程度的关系。方法 :选择2012年1月至2012年12月就诊于我院的45例不同程度腓总神经不全损伤患者,根据患者胫前肌肌力级别将45例患者分为三组（n=15）:胫前肌肌力4-5级（P₁组）、胫前肌肌力2-3级（P₂组）、胫前肌肌力1级（P₃组）。应用肌电诱发电位仪记录45例患者的CMAP波形,测量CMAP波幅与时程。采用SPSS13.0统计软件对数据进行秩和检验,分析各组间CMAP波幅与时程的差别。结果 :（1）P₁组、P₂组和P₃组腓总神经-胫前肌CMAP平均波幅分别为7.1±0.2mv、3.3±0.3mv和0.5±0.1mv;P₂组、P₃组与P₁组相比,波幅均有显著性差异（P<0.05）;P₃组与P₂组相比,波幅亦有显著性差异（P<0.05）。（2）P₁组、P₂组和P₃组腓总神经-胫前肌CMAP平均时程分别为11.4±0.4ms、16.9±0.6ms和23.3±1.2ms;P₂组、P₃组与P₁组相比,时程均有显著性差异（P<0.05）;P₃组与P₂组相比,时程亦有显著性差异（P<0.05）。结论 :（1）CMAP波幅、时程有助于评价周围神经受损的严重程度。（2）CMAP波幅降低提示有功能的周围神经轴突数量减少,时程延长反映了周围神经的脱髓鞘损害。     

MiR-195 inhibits proliferation and growth and induces apoptosis of endometrial stromal cells by targeting FKN

MiR-195, which exhibits a proliferation-inhibiting role in different tumors, has been reported to be down-regulated in the ectopic endometrium. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of miR-195 on the biological characteristic of the endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). MiR-195 has been presumed to target the 3’-untranslated regions (3’-UTR) of Fractalkine (FKN), which also plays important roles in endometriosis. Fluorescence reporter assays showed that miR-195 effectively binds to the 3’-UTR of FKN. The normal ESCs showed a significant higher miR-195 expression than that of eutopic and ectopic ESCs associated with endometriosis, while the FKN expression showed opposite results. MiR-195 mimics inhibited proliferation and growth and induced apoptosis of eutopic ESCs, and these effects were abolished by FKN-siRNA. miR-195 could decrease the expression of survivin, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) and up-regulate the expression of CD82, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP1) and TIMP2 of eutopic ESCs by targeting FKN. Our study has demonstrated for the first time that miR-195 plays important roles in regulating the functions of ESCs through targeting FKN. The information may be useful for developing a new therapeutic strategy for endometriosis.     

Protaper手用镍钛锉预备乳磨牙根管的疗效观察

目的观察Protaper手用镍钛锉预备乳磨牙根管的临床疗效。方法选择4～8岁需做根管治疗的患儿160例,乳磨牙160颗,随机分为Protaper手用镍钛锉冠向下法备根组80颗,手用不锈钢K锉逐步后退法备根组80颗,均用注射型Metapex糊剂根充,术后即刻拍片评价根充成功率,术后3 d回访评价疼痛率。结果 Protaper组疼痛率3.75%,不锈钢K锉组疼痛率15.00%(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义。Protaper组成功率95%,不锈钢K锉组成功率83.75%(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义。结论 Protaper手用镍钛锉预备乳磨牙根管疼痛反应轻,快捷高效,临床疗效优于手用不锈钢K锉,值得临床推广。     

血管内皮生长因子受体-2在人乳牙及年轻牙恒牙髓中的表达

目的：评估乳牙及年轻恒牙牙髓内的血管内皮生长因子受体-2（VEGFR-2）表达以及VEGFR-2阳性细胞的空间分布。方法：10颗健康的乳牙和10颗健康年轻恒牙采用抗VEGFR-2抗体进行免疫组化的方法并借助Image-Pro-Plux软件分析系统测量牙髓细胞中VEGFR-2的光密度值,进行统计学分析。结果：乳牙及年轻恒牙的牙髓血管内皮细胞对VEGFR-2的免疫染色均为阳性。在乳牙牙髓中VEGFR-2阳性细胞趋向于靠近成牙本质细胞层,年轻恒牙中VEGFR-2的免疫染色的空间分布更加一致。乳牙的牙髓血管内皮细胞胞浆中VEGFR-2免疫组化染色阳性,且表达高于年轻恒牙,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,结论：VEGFR-2在乳牙及年轻恒牙牙髓的血管内皮细胞均能表达,表明这些细胞能够对由血管内皮生长因子调节的形态变化及成活信号产生反应。     

下颌后牙区“三明治”法增骨同期种植的疗效评价

目的:探讨下颌后牙区"三明治"法增骨同期口腔种植的临床疗效。方法:针对下颌后牙区牙槽嵴萎缩的3例患者,采用超声骨刀行"三明治"水平截骨术,同期植入2颗种植体,以支撑并稳定要提升的骨段,并于"三明治"区植入异体骨块、骨粉,促进成骨并辅以支撑骨段作用。利用GBR技术阻断结缔组织侵入。潜入式种植术后6个月行二期手术,2周后修复。结果:3例患者术后创口均无裂开,2例局部略肿胀,经抗生素和激素治疗3 d后逐渐消退。术后6个月X线片示截骨线骨性愈合,种植体周骨整合良好,牙槽嵴平均增高约5 mm。修复获得成功。结论:选择合适的患者,后牙区"三明治"法增骨同期种植是可行的。