关节镜下应用“微骨折”方法修复关节软骨缺损

目的:探讨关节镜下应用“微骨折”技术对膝关节全层关节软骨缺损修复的效果。方法:对68例全层关节软骨缺损患者进行随机分组:实验组(35例),男17例,女18例,平均年龄35.1岁,采用关节清理后应用“微骨折”技术进行处理,即利用骨刀设计的特性和适度的锤击力量造成软骨下的骨组织微小骨折,刺激软骨生长。对照组(33例),男17例,女16例,平均年龄31.6岁,仅作关节清理术。结果:术后随访6~18个月,平均8.6个月,按Lysholm评分标准,实验组明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:关节镜下应用“微骨折”技术能够显著减轻关节疼痛,增加关节活动度,改善关节功能,是一种简单有效的修复全层关节软骨缺损方法。     

2例丙肝患者伴发获得性大疱性表皮松解症

作者报道2例确诊的慢性丙肝病毒感染患者合并获得性大疱性表皮松解症（EBA）。两例患者临床上均表现为典型EBA，包括皮肤脆性增加及自发和继发于外伤后发生皮肤水疱，继而以粟丘疹和瘢痕愈合。EBA常常是一种免疫状态改变或低下的疾病。还需进一步研究在这两例患者中和一般情况下丙肝病毒是否诱发EBA。     

Nontuberculous mycobacterial disease and Aspergillus-related lung disease in bronchiectasis.

The aim of the present study was to determine whether patients with bronchiectasis and nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) have a higher prevalence of Aspergillus-related lung disease. A series of 30 consecutive patients with bronchiectasis and NTM (cases) were compared with 61 patients with bronchiectasis and no evidence of NTM (controls). Aspergillus serology and computerised tomography of the thorax were used to identify Aspergillus-related lung diseases, including aspergilloma, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and chronic necrotising pulmonary aspergillosis. The rate of positive Aspergillus serology was higher in cases with NTM disease compared with controls (10 out of 30 versus six out of 61). The radiological features of Aspergillus-related lung disease were also more common among patients with NTM disease than controls (six out of 30 versus none out of 61). This association between NTM disease and Aspergillus-related lung disease remained significant after adjustment for confounding effects of age and lung function (adjusted odds ratio 5.1, 95% confidence interval 1.5-17.0). Patients with bronchiectasis and nontuberculous mycobacterial disease have a higher prevalence of coexisting Aspergillus-related lung disease than patients with bronchiectasis and without nontuberculous mycobacteria. Identification of Aspergillus-related lung disease is important as prognosis amongst undetected cases is invariably poor.     

RNA干扰及其在胶质瘤基因治疗中的应用

RNA干扰（RNA interference。RNAi）是双链RNA（double—stranded RNA，dsRNA）降解特异性靶基因转录出的mRNA。从而抑制靶蛋白表达的现象。自从二十世纪九十年代发现RNAi这一现象以来，RNAi已被广泛应用于研究基因功能、信号转导通路和基因治疗等方面。随着分子生物学、分子遗传学等学科的发展．发现了许多与肿瘤发生、发展和预后密切相关的基因。经过大量临床前期试验表明，针对特异性靶基因的小干扰RNA（short／small interfering RNA．siRNA）治疗胶质瘤是行之有效的。为基因治疗胶质瘤提供了新的思路。[第一段]     

Comparison of morning versus afternoon cecal intubation rates

Background  

Many factors impacting cecal intubation rates have been examined in detail; however, little information exists regarding the effect of the timing of the procedure. We sought to examine any difference in cecal intubation rates between morning and afternoon colonoscopies and identify factors contributing to a discrepancy.     

载脂蛋白E基因多态性与脑梗死的相关性分析

目的　探讨载脂蛋白 E基因多态性与脑梗死的关系。方法　通过聚合酶链反应 -限制性片段长度多态性 (PCR- RFL P)分析结合 DNA直接银染技术检测 6 6例脑梗死 (CI)患者的载脂蛋白 E(Apo E)基因型 (其中家系中有明确脑梗死先证者的家族聚集性脑梗死 (FMACI)亚组 2 6例 ,家系中无脑卒中史的非家族聚集性脑梗死 (NF-MACI)亚组 4 0例 ) ,并与 90例健康对照组比较 ,同时检测血脂、脂蛋白 (a) [L P(a) ]及部分载脂蛋白。结果　脑梗死组ε3/4基因型频率明显高于对照组 (P<0 .0 1) ,ε3/3基因型频率明显低于对照组 (P<0 .0 1) ;两脑梗死亚组之间的ε3/4/ε3/3基因型频率虽有上升 /下降趋势 ,但未发现明显的统计学差异 ;FMACI组高密度脂蛋白 (HDL )水平明显低于 NFMACI组 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论　 Apo E基因多态性与脑梗死的发生有关 ,ε4等位基因是脑梗死的易感因子 ,ε3等位基因对脑梗死的发生有保护作用 ;Apo E基因多态性和 HDL水平双重作用于家族聚集性脑梗死的发生。     

Single dose therapy of vaginal candidiasis: a comparative trial of fenticonazole vaginal ovules versus clotrimazole vaginal tablets

An open, randomized comparative clinical trial was performed in 153 patients suffering from symptomatic vaginal candidiasis confirmed by mycological tests. Patients were allocated at random into two groups: the first group (consisting of 75 subjects) was treated with a single vaginal ovule of fenticonazole (600 mg) and the second group (consisting of 78 subjects) was treated with a single vaginal tablet of clotrimazole (500 mg). Therapeutic efficacy was assessed by microbiological and clinical criteria 7 days and 1 month (when possible) after the single dose treatment. At the first follow-up visit, complete disappearance of the signs and symptoms or a highly significant reduction of their intensity was observed in both treatment groups. No significant difference was evident between the two drugs. At 7 days, the mycological tests gave negative results in 92% of the patients in the fenticonazole group and in 88.5% of the patients in the clotrimazole group. The difference between the two treatment groups was again not statistically significant. The second follow-up visit was performed in 55 (73.3%) patients of the fenticonazole group and in 52 (66.7%) patients of the clotrimazole group. The results indicate that 83.6% of patients in the fenticonazole group and 69.2% of patients in the clotrimazole group were still disease free at the time of this visit. Both drugs were well tolerated. Mild, local and short lasting side-effects were reported in only 5 cases of the group treated with fenticonazole.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Carbonic anhydrase II expression in fibrous astrocytes of the sheep

Immunohistochemical expression of carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme II (CAII) was demonstrated in a population of fibrous astrocytes in a young lamb and an adult sheep. Such cells were identified by co-expression of CAII and glial fibrillary acidic protein, nuclear morphology and their contribution of glial fibrillary acidic protein reactive processes to the glial limitans. Similar cells were not identified in neonatal lambs. As in man and mouse, CAII was also expressed in choroid plexus epithelium occurring in neonate, young and adult sheep brain. In contrast, however, to man and mouse, CAII was not expressed in sheep oligodendrocytes.