间歇与持续经鼻气道正压通气治疗早产儿反复呼吸暂停的临床分析

目的 比较经鼻间歇正压通气（NIPPV）与经鼻持续气道正压通气（NCPAP）治疗早产儿原发性呼吸暂停（AOP）的疗效,为AOP的治疗提供科学依据.方法 选择76例AOP患儿,按随机数字表法分为NIPPV组（40例）和NCPAP组（36例）.比较两组血气变化、治疗的疗效、两组治疗后需有创机械通气的比率（即为治疗无效率）、辅助通气时间、并发症发生情况及预后.结果 两组治疗前的血气分析比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,治疗后1,12h血气分析比较差异有统计学意义（P＜ 0.05）.NIPPV组治愈率、有效率、无效率均明显优于NCPAP组,辅助通气时间明显短于NCPAP组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.NIPPV组治愈率、有效率、无效率均明显优于NCPAP组[82.5％（33/40）比61.1％（22/36）、92.5％（37/40）比80.6％（29/36）、7.5％（3/40）比19.4％（7/36）],辅助通气时间明显短于NCPAP组[（39.45±6.99）h比（69.39±20.51）h],差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.两组脑室内出血、支气管肺发育不良、新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.NIPPV组早产儿视网膜病、脑室周围脑白质软化发生率明显低于NCPAP组[2.5％（1/40）比13.9％（5/36）、2.5％（1/40）比11.1％（4/36）],差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 NIPPV治疗早产儿反复呼吸暂停疗效及预后优于NCPAP.     

星点设计-效应面法优化复方首乌藤合剂总黄酮的提取工艺

摘 要 目的：优化医院制剂复方首乌藤合剂总黄酮的提取工艺,为后续进行药效学研究奠定基础。 方法: 在单因素考察的基础上,选择浸润时间和提取时间为自变量,以复方首乌藤合剂总黄酮的含量为因变量,采用星点设计-效应面法优选出最佳提取工艺。结果: 最佳提取工艺条件为加入12倍量水,浸润时间118 min提取3次,每次提取时间为1.5 h。结论: 星点设计-效应面法优化复方首乌藤合剂总黄酮的提取工艺方法简单、模型可靠,可预测趋势良好。     

In vitro wound healing activity of 1-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxy-2-naphthalene-carboxaldehyde (HDNC) and other isolates of Aegle marmelos L.: Enhances keratinocytes motility via Wnt/β-catenin and RAS-ERK pathways

Wound healing is a complex process in which injured skin and tissues repaired by interaction of a complex cascade of cellular events that generates resurfacing, reconstitution and restoration of the tensile strength of injured skin. It follows β-catenin, extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt signaling pathways. Aegle marmelos L., generally known as bael is found to act as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-ulcer agent. Furthermore, studies have demonstrated that this Indian traditional medicinal plant, A. marmelos flower extract (AMF) was used for wound injury. Henceforth, the current study was investigated to ascertain the effect of its active constituents in vitro wound healing with mechanism involve in migration of cells and activation of β-catenin in keratinocytes, inhibition of PGE₂ in macrophages and production of collagen in fibroblasts. We have taken full thickness wound of rats and applied AMF for 2 weeks. Cutaneous wound healing activity was performed using HaCaT keratinocytes, Hs68 dermal fibroblasts and RAW264.7 macrophages to determine cell viability, nitric oxide production, collagen expression, cell migration and β-catenin activation. Results shows that AMF treated rats demonstrated reduced wound size and epithelisation was improved, involved in keratinocytes migration by regulation of Akt signaling, beta-catenin and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways. AMF and its active constituent’s increased mRNA expression, inhibited nitric oxide, PGE₂ release, mRNA expression of mediators in RAW 264.7 macrophages and enhances the motility of HaCaT keratinocytes in vitro wound healing of rats.     

Safety and Effectiveness of Drug-Eluting Versus Bare-Metal Stents in Saphenous Vein Bypass Graft Percutaneous Coronary Interventions : Insights From the Veterans Affairs CART Program

Background

Stenosis of saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is common and often requires percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) for treatment. However, data for the effectiveness of drug-eluting stents (DES) versus bare-metal stents (BMS) in SVG-PCI are unclear.

Objectives

This study sought to examine the association between DES versus BMS used during SVG PCI and clinical outcomes in the national Veterans Affairs integrated healthcare system.

Methods

We studied a national cohort of 2,471 post-CABG veterans undergoing SVG-PCI between 2008 and 2011 at all Veterans Affairs hospitals and compared clinical outcomes of between those receiving DES and BMS. Clinical outcomes included procedural complications, myocardial infarction (MI), and all-cause mortality. Comparisons were made in a propensity-matched cohort using Cox proportional hazards regression models.

Results

DES were used in 1,549 SVG-PCI patients (63%) and the use of DES increased progressively with each calendar year (50% in 2008 to 69% in 2011). Incidence of procedural complications was low and comparable in both groups (2.8% among BMS vs. 2.3% among DES patients; p = 0.54). During long-term (>2 years) follow-up, use of DES was associated with lower mortality than BMS (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.57 to 0.89) and similar rates of MI (HR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.71 to 1.24) in the propensity-matched cohort.

Conclusions

In a national cohort of veterans, we observed widespread and increasing use of DES during SVG-PCI. In long-term follow-up, compared with BMS, DES use was safe and effective in SVG-PCI patients.     

Long-term efficacy and advantages of minimally invasive hepatectomy for hepatolithiasis: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Hepatolithiasis commonly occurs in the bile duct proximal to the confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts, regardless of the coexistence of gallstones in gallbladder or the common bile duct. Clinical research proves that minimally invasive surgery is effective in the treatment of hepatolithiasis. Although previous meta-analysis also shows that it could reduce intraoperative bleeding and blood transfusion, and shorten hospital stay time, there are few meta-analyses on its long-term efficacy. We conducted the meta-analysis and systematic review to systematically evaluate the long-term efficacy and advantages of minimally invasive hepatectomy in the treatment of hepatolithiasis.Methods:Articles of randomized controlled trials will be searched in the PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chongqing VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, Chinese Biological and Medical database, and Wanfang database until September, 2020. Literature extraction and risk of bias assessment will be completed by 2 reviewers independently. Statistical analysis will be conducted in RevMan 5.3.Results:This study will summarize the present evidence by exploring the long-term efficacy and advantages of minimally invasive hepatectomy in the treatment of hepatolithiasisConclusions:The findings of the study will help to determine potential long-term efficacy and advantages of minimally invasive hepatectomy in the treatment of hepatolithiasis.Ethics and dissemination:The private information from individuals will not be published. This systematic review also will not involve endangering participant rights. Ethical approval is not required. The results may be published in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated in relevant conferences.OSF Registration number:DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/H6WRV.