婴幼儿肠套叠合并阑尾炎X线表现的病理基础及临床意义

目的 探讨婴幼儿肠套叠合并阑尾炎的X线表现及其临床意义。资料与方法对28例经手术病理证实的婴幼儿肠套叠合并阑尾炎的X线表现及临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 (1)17例回-结型肠套叠中合并急性单纯性阑尾炎13例，化脓性阑尾炎2例；11例复合型肠套叠中合并急性阑尾炎4例，化脓性阑尾炎6例。发现3例合并慢性阑尾炎，炎症为继发再次肠套叠的诱因。(2)主要X线表现：①腹部少气或无气征15例；②右侧腹膜外脂线局部或全部模糊征18例；③右下腹肠腔异常积气和／或小肠梗阻征9例。右侧腹膜外脂线局部或全部模糊征象出现率最高。结论 阑尾炎是婴幼儿肠套叠的最主要早期并发症。X线表现结合临床资料对其发生有重要提示意义，对预防阑尾炎症致继发肠套叠或其他并发症有重要价值，尤其在空气灌肠整复后的治疗上。     

热乙醇法提取猪血白蛋白工艺改良的探讨

目的介绍运用热乙醇法提取高纯度猪血白蛋白的改良工艺流程。方法采用热乙醇法,在合适的恒温时间和pH值的条件下,分离提纯猪血清白蛋白。结果猪血白蛋白的纯度〉97％,回收率〉80％。检测结果显示,其理化指标均符合《中国生物制品规程2000年版》的要求,适合扩大到中试生产。结论该法与低温乙醇法、利凡诺法和盐析法相比,具有工艺简单、成本低、纯度和回收率高的特点。     

Clinical usefulness of breast-specific gamma imaging as an adjunct modality to mammography for diagnosis of breast cancer: a systemic review and meta-analysis

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of breast-specific gamma imaging (BSGI) as an adjunct modality to mammography for detecting breast cancer.

Methods

Comprehensive searches of MEDLINE (1984 to August 2012) and EMBASE (1994 to August 2012) were performed. A summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) was constructed to summarize the overall test performance of BSGI. The sensitivities for detecting subcentimetre cancer and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) were pooled. The potential of BSGI to complement mammography was also evaluated by identifying mammography-occult breast cancer.

Results

Analysis of the studies revealed that the overall validity estimates of BSGI in detecting breast cancer were as follows: sensitivity 95 % (95 % CI 93–96 %), specificity 80 % (95 % CI 78–82 %), positive likelihood ratio 4.63 (95 % CI 3.13–6.85), negative likelihood ratio 0.08 (95 % CI 0.05–0.14), and diagnostic odds ratio 56.67 (95 % CI 26.68–120.34). The area under the SROC was 0.9552 and the Q* point was 0.8977. The pooled sensitivities for detecting subcentimetre cancer and DCIS were 84 % (95 % CI 80–88 %) and 88 % (95 % CI 81–92 %), respectively. Among patients with normal mammography, 4 % were diagnosed with breast cancer by BSGI, and among those with mammography suggestive of malignancy or new biopsy-proven breast cancer, 6 % were diagnosed with additional cancers in the breast by BSGI.

Conclusion

BSGI had a high diagnostic performance as an excellent adjunct modality to mammography for detecting breast cancer. The ability to identify subcentimetre cancer and DCIS was also high.     

大剂量激素治疗过敏性紫癜34例

目的　探讨大剂量激素对过敏性紫癜的疗效。方法　对 3 4例过敏性紫瘢患者 ,均给予大剂量激素序贯治疗 ,并随访观察 1～ 3年。结果　 3 4例均治愈 ,1例未遵嘱服用激素者短时复发后再次治愈 ,余 3 3例均无复发。结论　大剂量激素治疗过敏性紫癜疗效较好     

AstraMax角膜地形图在圆锥角膜早期诊断中的作用

目的 评价AstraMax角膜地形图在圆锥角膜早期诊断中的重要作用。方法 对2002年10月～2004年6月来我院准分子激光治疗中心欲进行准分子屈光性角膜切削术或准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术的2202例术前患者4382只眼行角膜地形图检查,以筛选亚临床期圆锥角膜及可疑圆锥角膜。结果 共筛选出2人4眼亚临床期圆锥角膜(占0．09％),可疑圆锥角膜5人8眼。结论 AstraMax角膜地形图在圆锥角膜的早期诊断中具有简便、快速、准确的优点,是准分子激光术前筛查的重要工具。     

iTRAQ串联质谱筛选尾吊小鼠感染空间诱变大肠杆菌后脾脏差异表达蛋白

目的应用同重同位素标记相对与绝对定量技术(iTRAQ),联合液相色谱串联质谱(LC-MS/MS),检测经空间诱变大肠杆菌(T1-13)感染尾吊模拟失重小鼠后,其脾脏组织中的差异蛋白,并探讨其生物学意义。方法 C57BL/6小鼠尾吊模拟失重后以空间诱变大肠杆菌灌胃建立感染模型,采用iTRAQ结合LC-MS/MS技术筛选脾脏组织差异表达蛋白,并对差异蛋白进行GO、pathway富集分析和STRING蛋白互作分析。结果共鉴定出2589个蛋白,尾吊组与对照组相比筛选出378个差异表达蛋白。尾吊染菌后与对照组相比,共筛选出452个差异表达蛋白,STRING蛋白互作网络中有286个差异蛋白间存在相互作用,这些差异蛋白经KEGG分析共得到32条存在显著性的通路,主要为氧化磷酸化通路,代谢通路、蛋白消化和吸收通路、蛋白酶体通路。结论成功筛选出了模拟失重后空间诱变大肠杆菌感染脾脏组织差异表达蛋白,这些差异蛋白可能通过调控代谢通路、不同环境下微生物代谢、颉氨酸/亮氨酸/异亮氨酸降解、溶酶体、碳代谢、吞噬体、丙酸代谢、蛋白酶体参与失重条件下免疫和炎症反应的发生。     

对照军队医院等级评审谈武警部队医院营养科建设

营养科的建设与发展水平直接关系到患者的康复,也关系到医院的整体医疗质量水平。笔者通过解读《军队三级综合医院等级评审标准和细则》,对医院营养工作的难点进行分析,总结了武警部队营养科建设目前存在的问题,并提出营养科下一步发展对策。     

Localized measurement of atherosclerotic plaque inflammatory burden with dynamic contrast–enhanced MRI

Inflammation plays an important role in progression and rupture of atherosclerotic plaque. Dynamic contrast–enhanced MRI has been proposed as a tool to evaluate inflammation in vivo by measuring the transfer constant and partial plasma volume, which are influenced by inflammation. This study sought to demonstrate the ability of dynamic contrast–enhanced MRI to provide localized measurements of transfer constant and partial plasma volume within plaque regions of different compositions. In order to do that, a highly automatic procedure for localized measurement of dynamic contrast–enhanced MRI parameters was developed. In 47 subjects, the average transfer constant and partial plasma volume were highest in loose matrix and fibrous tissue and substantially lower in intraplaque hemorrhage, lipid rich/necrotic core, and calcification. In addition, except for hemorrhage and calcification, statistically significant differences of transfer constant and partial plasma volume were observed for any pair of these components. This suggests that transfer constant and partial plasma volume could be helpful to differentiate different plaque components and that dynamic contrast–enhanced MRI has the potential to assess inflammatory burden in specific regions. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.