A sensor for needle puncture force measurement during interventional radiological procedures

Computer-based simulation for interventional radiology training has attracted increasing attention in recent years because of its potential to train remotely from patients and to provide objective assessment of proficiency. Yet developing a high fidelity simulator with realistic tactile feedback requires accurate knowledge of forces exerted on medical devices during interventional radiology procedures. This paper presents the development and validation of a force sensor for the measurement of axial forces generated during needle, and combined cannula/trocar, puncture procedures in patients. In order to assess the performance of this sensor, in vitro measurements were obtained using needle penetration of porcine liver, kidney and muscle. The results were compared with forces measured by means of a tensile tester.Calibration results showed that the force sensor has high sensitivity and linearity. Comparison of the force profiles obtained from the sensor and the tensile tester shows that good agreement was achieved in the in vitro studies for all the tissues tested.Preliminary clinical force measurements during arterial puncture and liver biopsy procedures have been performed in patients. An example of force recording for each procedure type is presented.     

关于磷酸氯喹治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎给药方案的安全性刍议

国家卫生健康委员会和国家中医药管理局2020年2月18日发布的《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案(试行第六版)》将磷酸氯喹作为抗病毒试用药物之一,其后又于同月26日发布了《关于调整试用磷酸氯喹治疗新冠肺炎用法用量的通知》,2020年3月3日发布的《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案(试行第七版)》对磷酸氯喹给药方案进行了修订。磷酸氯喹半衰期长、全身分布广泛,易在体内蓄积,且不良反应与剂量相关。本文结合磷酸氯喹的药代动力学特点对给药方案进行了安全性分析,供临床医师和药师在诊治新型冠状病毒肺炎患者时参考,以降低发生不良反应的风险。     

药品批发企业质量管理体系运行中内审问题分析与对策研究

目的： 分析药品批发企业质量管理体系运行中存在的普遍问题,提出改善药品批发企业质量体系内审管理水平的具体实施建议,持续改进批发企业质量管理水平,控制药品经营环节风险,保证药品质量。方法： 对328家药品批发企业GSP认证申报资料及现场检查报告中发现的企业内审工作中存在的具体问题进行汇总、整理、分析原因,发现当前企业普遍存在的问题,并探讨改进措施。结果与结论： 药品批发企业应通过完善内审管理,建立完整严谨的标准和工作流程,强化企业内审工作的权威性和独立性,建立企业全员参与机制,提高内审人员的综合素质和能力;寻找质量管理体系文件贯彻执行的偏差;在体系关键要素发生重大变化或调整后,完善新经营环境下质量管理体系。从而确保企业在药品采购、储存、销售、运输等日常经营过程中均严格执行药品GSP,确保企业质量管理体系保持健康正常的运行。     

我国仿制药质量关键影响因素分析

目的：研究我国仿制药质量的关键影响因素,为药品监管政策制定和实施提出合理建议。方法：采用问卷调查和探索性因子分析法研究影响仿制药质量的不同主体因素和生产企业内部因素。结果：进行了两轮问卷调查,分别发放了110和170份问卷,有效回收99和159份。研究结果显示：影响仿制药质量的因素按重要性依次为企业＞监管＞激励政策＞药品使用＞配套措施,企业内部影响因素的重要性依次为关键技术＞实施操作＞风险控制＞仪器设备＞原辅料质量。结论：仿制药质量受到企业内部因素和监管因素、产业环境因素、使用因素等多种外部因素的影响;生产企业内部因素是影响药品质量的决定因素, 其中又以企业的关键生产技术最为重要。     

Impaired fasting glucose and the prevalence and severity of angiographic coronary artery disease in high-risk Chinese patients

We assessed the relation between different fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels of 5.6 to 6.9 mmol/L and the prevalence and severity of angiographic coronary artery disease (CAD) in high-risk Chinese patients. Among 512 subjects who were to undergo coronary angiography for the confirmation of suspected myocardial ischemia, 409 subjects were enrolled and categorized into 3 groups based on FPG levels: (1) 相似文献   

Distinct roles of GSK-3α and GSK-3β phosphorylation in the heart under pressure overload

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is a master regulator of growth and death in cardiac myocytes. GSK-3 is inactivated by hypertrophic stimuli through phosphorylation-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Inactivation of GSK-3 removes the negative constraint of GSK-3 on hypertrophy, thereby stimulating cardiac hypertrophy. N-terminal phosphorylation of the GSK-3 isoforms GSK-3α and GSK-3β by upstream kinases (e.g., Akt) is a major mechanism of GSK-3 inhibition. Nonetheless, its role in mediating cardiac hypertrophy and failure remains to be established. Here we evaluated the role of Serine(S)21 and S9 phosphorylation of GSK-3α and GSK-3β in the regulation of cardiac hypertrophy and function during pressure overload (PO), using GSK-3α S21A knock-in (αKI) and GSK-3β S9A knock-in (βKI) mice. Although inhibition of S9 phosphorylation during PO in the βKI mice attenuated hypertrophy and heart failure (HF), inhibition of S21 phosphorylation in the αKI mice unexpectedly promoted hypertrophy and HF. Inhibition of S21 phosphorylation in GSK-3α, but not of S9 phosphorylation in GSK-3β, caused phosphorylation and down-regulation of G1-cyclins, due to preferential localization of GSK-3α in the nucleus, and suppressed E2F and markers of cell proliferation, including phosphorylated histone H3, under PO, thereby contributing to decreases in the total number of myocytes in the heart. Restoration of the E2F activity by injection of adenovirus harboring cyclin D1 with a nuclear localization signal attenuated HF under PO in the αKI mice. Collectively, our results reveal that whereas S9 phosphorylation of GSK-3β mediates pathological hypertrophy, S21 phosphorylation of GSK-3α plays a compensatory role during PO, in part by alleviating the negative constraint on the cell cycle machinery in cardiac myocytes.