肺腺癌A549细胞CD133~+CD44~+表型在裸鼠体内成瘤能力的研究

目的 探讨肿瘤标志物CD133和CD44的表达与人肺腺癌A549细胞株在裸鼠体内形成肿瘤能力的关系.方法 使用单细胞克隆的方法 ,筛选出能够持续增殖分裂的肿瘤细胞,应用免疫荧光方法 和流式细胞仪检测CD133和CD44在具有增殖分裂能力的A549细胞和普通A549肿瘤细胞的表达情况;按表达结果 对A549细胞进行分组,应用单克隆方法 对各组细胞进行培养,并按不间密度注射于裸鼠皮下,观察各个组别的成瘤能力.结果 (1)在倒置显微镜下观察肿瘤细胞生长情况,发现多数细胞死亡,1周后仅有4.11%的细胞能够增殖分裂形成克隆.(2)具有增殖分裂能力肿瘤细胞的免疫荧光结果 :CD133阳性率为19.0%,CD44阳性率为57.0%;普通A549肿瘤细胞免疫荧光结果 :CD133阳性率为2.5%,CD44阳性率为34.0%;具有分裂增殖能力的肿瘤细胞CD133和CD44阳性表达率显著高于普通A549肿瘤细胞(P<0.01).(3)裸鼠体内成瘤能力实验提示:CD133~+CD44~+(A组)细胞成瘤能力显著高于CD133~-CD44~-(B组)、CD133~-CD44~+(C组)和CD133~+CD44~-(D组)细胞(P<0.05);裸鼠瘤块病理检查证实均为腺癌,各脏器检查未发现转移:在接种CD133~+CD44~+(A组)细胞的瘤块组织中发现除了有CD133~+CD44~+细胞外,还有CD133~-CD44~-细胞.结论 肺腺癌A549细胞株中CD133~+CD44~+细胞在裸鼠体内的成瘤能力显著高于其他细胞.     

含抗生素骨水泥假体在人工关节术后感染中的应用

目的 回顾分析含抗生素骨水泥假体(PROSTALAC)治疗人工关节置换术后感染的疗效。方法 对16例髋和膝关节置换术后感染的病例采用PROSTALAC方法，进行二期翻修治疗并进行随访。结果 16例髋和膝关节置换术后感染中，有14例于治疗后接受二期全髋或全膝关节翻修术，经平均46月的随访，感染无复发，成功率达87．5％。术后Harris髋关节评分平均达82．9分，膝关节评分平均达90．5分。结论 在PROSTALAC基础上进行的二期全髋和全膝关节翻修手术能成功地治疗人工关节术后感染，并且保持术后关节的功能。     

Value of embolization of brain arteriovenous malformations with ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease （CMT）, also known as hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies,comprises a genetically heterogeneous group of inherited peripheral neuropathies. Clinically it is characterized by progressive distal weakness, muscle atrophy, distal sensory loss and loss of deep tendon reflexes. Following electrophysiological criteria, CMT is divided into two main forms：     

医学生创新能力培养的调研及分析

对上海第二医科大学九六级至○一级各专业学生进行有关创新能力的问卷调查，结果表明医学生对创新人才基本要素明晰，有较强的创新意识，对影响创新人才的因素较关注。当前医学教育应树立创新教育观念，构建综合化的课程体系，改进教学方法与评估体系，建立和完善医学生创新能力的培养模式。     

高强度聚焦超声对20例恶性实体肿瘤患儿体液免疫的影响

目的:观察高强度聚焦超声(High intensity focused ultrasound,HIFU)对恶性实体肿瘤患儿体液免疫的影响.方法:采用HIFU治疗系统治疗儿童恶性实体肿瘤20例.分别在治疗前和后1周、1月抽取患儿外周血,用速率散射比浊法检测IgG、IgA、IgM、C3及C4表达量的变化.结果:IgG与C3...     

腹腔镜在不明原因急腹症中的临床应用

目的探讨腹腔镜在诊断和治疗不明原因急腹症的作用.方法回顾性分析本组2004年12月-2005年12月应用腹腔镜诊断和治疗52例不明原因的急腹症临床资料.结果52例全部确诊,48例在镜下完成手术,4例中转开腹手术,无手术死亡.术后无伤口感染及有关并发症.结论腹腔镜在急腹症中应用不仅是一种安全而准确的诊断方法,而且是良好的治疗手段.     

α-芳基-3，5-二甲氧基苯丙烯酰胺的合成及抗炎活性

目的： 寻找高效低毒的非甾体抗炎药。方法： 将具有抗炎活性的2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-3-(3,5-二甲氧基苯基)丙烯酸（I）转化为酰胺衍生物,应用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀模型评价其抗炎活性。结果： 合成了12个新化合物（Ⅱ_1-12）,其结构经IR、¹H NMR和高分辨MS确证。其中化合物Ⅱ₃与阴性对照CMC-Na相比呈现显著的抗炎活性(P<0.01),与阳性对照阿司匹林相比有较强的抗炎活性(P<0.05)。结论： 化合物Ⅱ₃值得进一步研究。     

Gallbladder cancer presenting with acute cholecystitis: a population-based study

BACKGROUND: The role of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in acute cholecystitis remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to determine the incidence, clinicopathological characteristics, and outcome of patients with gallbladder cancer presenting with acute cholecystitis. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with gallbladder cancer who presented with acute cholecystitis and were treated at the public hospitals in Hong Kong between 1998 and 2002. RESULTS: Among 2,700 patients with acute cholecystitis managed with cholecystectomy (1,347 open and 1,353 LC), 63 patients (2.3%) were found to have gallbladder cancer. There were 44 women and 19 men with a mean age of 74.7 (+/-12.8) years. Adenocarcinoma (90.5%) was the most common cancer. The overall median survival was 5 months (95% CI = 2.6-7.4). The 5-year survival rate was 20.8%. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was attempted in 11 patients and was completed successfully in six of them. There was no difference between the LC and open groups in the complication rate, hospital mortality rate, or survival rate. CONCLUSIONS: In the ethnic Chinese population of Hong Kong, the incidence of gallbladder cancer presenting with acute cholecystitis is higher than the same finding in patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis. Long-term survival is possible because such patients may be diagnosed at an early stage of the disease.     

Practical considerations for performing regional anesthesia: lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on 11 March 2020 because of its rapid worldwide spread. In the operating room, as part of hospital outbreak response measures, anesthesiologists are required to have heightened precautions and tailor anesthetic practices to individual patients. In particular, by minimizing the many aerosol-generating procedures performed during general anesthesia, anesthesiologists can reduce exposure to patients’ respiratory secretions and the risk of perioperative viral transmission to healthcare workers and other patients. To avoid any airway manipulation, regional anesthesia should be considered whenever surgery is planned for a suspect or confirmed COVID-19 patient or any patient who poses an infection risk. Regional anesthesia has benefits of preservation of respiratory function, avoidance of aerosolization and hence viral transmission. This article explores the practical considerations and recommended measures for performing regional anesthesia in this group of patients, focusing on control measures geared towards ensuring patient and staff safety, equipment protection, and infection prevention. By doing so, we hope to address an issue that may have downstream implications in the way we practice infection control in anesthesia, with particular relevance to this new era of emerging infectious diseases and novel pathogens. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is not the first, and certainly will not be the last novel virus that will lead to worldwide outbreaks. Having a well thought out regional anesthesia plan to manage these patients in this new normal will ensure the best possible outcome for both the patient and the perioperative management team.     

孟鲁司特对失血性休克复苏大鼠BALF中LTB_4、LTC_4和总蛋白含量的影响及肺保护作用

目的:观察孟鲁司特对失血性休克复苏致急性肺损伤大鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中LTB4、LTC4和总蛋白含量的影响,探讨孟鲁司特的肺保护作用机制。方法:选取健康成年大鼠24只,随机分为3组(n=8):假手术组、失血性休克复苏致急性肺损伤模型组和孟鲁司特治疗组。制备失血性休克复苏急性肺损伤模型。模型组休克1 h后开始复苏并回输全部血液和2倍失血量的乳酸林格氏液;治疗组大鼠在放血前30 min接受孟鲁司特7mg/kg腹腔内注射,在复苏之前同样的剂量再注射一次。复苏后2 h处死大鼠分离气管进行支气管肺泡灌洗,采用ELISA试剂盒定量测定BALF中LTB4和LTC4,使用双缩脲法测定总蛋白含量;肺组织取样进行组织病理学检查。结果:与假手术组比较,模型组BALF中LTB4、LTC4水平及总蛋白含量明显升高(P<0.05),肺组织病理改变为中度肺损伤(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,治疗组BALF中LTB4、LTC4水平及总蛋白含量明显降低(P<0.05),肺组织病理改变明显减轻,为轻度肺损伤(P<0.05)。结论:孟鲁司特能够降低失血性休克复苏大鼠BALF中LTB4、LTC4水平及总蛋白含量,从而减轻肺损伤,具有一定的肺保护作用。