静脉注射三乙醇胺对SD大鼠的病理性损伤作用

目的 观察静脉注射三乙醇胺后SD大鼠的组织病理学改变及其可逆性。方法 60只SD大鼠,随机分为对照组和300 mg/kg剂量组,连续30 d给药和恢复4周,分别进行大体解剖和组织病理学检查。结果 连续给药30 d,SD大鼠肝细胞嗜酸性变,肾髓质肾小管上皮细胞变性,脾小体生发中心增大,白髓边缘带增宽,淋巴结内淋巴滤泡数量增多,生发中心增大;恢复4周,肝脏、脾脏和淋巴结病变恢复不明显。结论 静脉注射一定剂量的三乙醇胺,对SD大鼠肝脏、肾脏、脾脏和淋巴结有一定的损伤作用,其中,肾脏的损伤可逆,脾脏、淋巴结和肝脏的损伤有一定程度的恢复。     

肾上腺髓质素对自发性高血压大鼠肾脏微小动脉的影响

目的探讨肾上腺髓质素（Adrenomedullin, ADM）对自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）肾脏微小动脉的影响及与磷酸化细胞外调
节蛋白激酶1/2（ERK1/2）的关系。方法4周龄雄性SHR随机分为ADM治疗组（ADM组）和高血压对照组（SHR组）,以WKY
大鼠作为空白对照,ADM组皮下注射ADM（1.0 nmol/kg·d,每周5 d）。采用组织学、组织化学、免疫组织化学和Western blot技
术,对比观察平均动脉收缩压、肾微小动脉组织学变化和磷酸化ERK1/2表达。结果从8周龄开始,SHR和ADM组血压开始升
高,16和24周龄平均动脉收缩压明显高于WKY组,ADM治疗组24周龄时平均动脉收缩压明显低于非治疗SHR组;在16和24
周龄,SHR组和ADM组大鼠肾脏微小动脉中膜/内径比值明显大于WKY组（P<0.05）;ADM组大鼠肾脏微小动脉中膜/内径比
值的增幅略低于SHR组,其中外径小于40 μm动脉中膜/内径比值在24 周龄时明显小于SHR组（P<0.05）。免疫组织化学和
Western blot显示16和24周龄SHR和ADM组大鼠肾脏组织磷酸化ERK1/2表达显著高于WKY组（P<0.05）,24周龄时ADM组
肾脏磷酸化ERK1/2表达显著低于SHR组（P<0.05）。结论较长时间使用ADM,在一定程度上能够减轻自发性高血压大鼠血
压升高程度,可能通过抑制ERK1/2的磷酸化减轻肾微小动脉的重构。
     

针药并用治疗原发性高血压36例

近年来,笔者采用针刺与六味地黄汤加减治疗原发性高血压患者36例,获效较佳,兹将有关结果介绍如下: 1 一般资料 按WHO原发性高血压的命名及诊断标准,选取原发性高血压门诊患者36例(除外合并患有冠心病、糖尿病等其它疾病者),其中男性26例,女性10例;年龄35～66岁,平均45岁;病程3～15年,平均5年.按国际高血压联盟制订的高血压分级标准:Ⅰ级(收缩压18.6～21.2 kPa,舒张压12.0～13.2kPa 3例,Ⅱ级(收缩压21.3～23.8 kPa,舒张压13.3～14.5 kPa)15例,Ⅲ级(收缩压≥23.9 kPa.舒张压≥14.6 kPa)12例.     

腭咽环扎术后阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征上气道形态的研究

目的：探讨腭咽环扎术（VRLP）后阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）患者的上气道形态特征.方法：应用纤维鼻咽镜和头影测量技术检查了6例VRLP后并发OSAHS患者、6例VRLP后未发生OSAHS和6例未手术腭裂患者的上气道形态,测量了鼻咽腔直径、腭咽环扎处咽腔直径、口咽腔直径、舌根后咽腔直径、下咽腔直径、舌骨至下颌骨的距离等6个相关参数,并应用单因素方差分析进行组间比较.结果：未手术腭裂患者上气道形态光滑,VRLP后上气道在软腭后区和舌根后区出现2处狭窄,VRLP后OSAHS患者上气道鼻咽部明显狭窄变形,为腺样体肥大所致.结论：X线头影测量技术是一种简单实用的评估VRLP后OSAHS的方法,建议VRLP术前行此检查以排除腺样体严重增生患者.     

HPLC法测定首乌胶囊中2,3,5,4 -四羟基二苯乙烯-2-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷的含量

目的：测定首乌胶囊中2,3,5,4-四羟基二苯乙烯-2-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷的含量。方法：采用高效液相色谱法。色谱柱为DiamonsilC18（4.6mm×200mm）,流动相为乙腈-水（25：75）,柱温为30℃,流速为1.0mL/min,检测波长为320nm。结果：2,3,5,4-四羟基二苯乙烯-2-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷在0.02104-0.526μg范围内线性关系良好（r=0.9999）,平均回收率为98.45%,RSD（%）=1.23%（n=5）。结论：含量测定方法快速、准确,适用于首乌胶囊质量分析控制方法。     

新疆不同产地骆驼刺中总黄酮的含量比较

目的比较新疆不同产地骆驼刺中总黄酮的含量。方法以芦丁为对照品,采用亚硝酸钠-硝酸铝-氢氧化钠显色法,在510nm处,采用紫外分光光度法测定新疆8个不同产地骆驼刺中总黄酮的含量。结果新疆地区鄯善县、莎车县、乌鲁木齐县3个产地骆驼刺总黄酮的含量较高,含量分别为18．2、16．8、16．6mg／g,奇台县骆驼刺中总黄酮的含量最低,为7．3mg／g。结论该测定方法准确、可靠、重复性好,可以用作骆驼刺总黄酮含量的测定,同时也为骆驼刺药材的优选及推广提供技术支撑。     

艾灸血清对实验性RA滑膜细胞增殖及细胞周期的影响

目的:研究艾灸血清对类风湿关节炎(RA)滑膜细胞增殖及细胞周期的影响,揭示艾灸治疗RA的机制.方法:艾灸刺激实验性RA日本大耳白兔双侧"肾俞"穴,用艾灸血清作用于兔RA滑膜细胞,MTT法检测细胞增殖情况,流式细胞技术检测细胞周期.结果:RA滑膜细胞增殖受到明显抑制(17.8%),艾灸血清作用24 h后艾灸血清组G1期细胞(82.01±1.33)较正常血清对照组百分率(73.99±3.47)明显升高(P<0.05),S期细胞百分率明显减少,G2期细胞变化无显著性差异.结论:艾灸血清作用于RA滑膜细胞可抑制其增殖,并对GI/S转换期有延缓作用.     

血浆miR-191和miR-27a在胃癌诊断中的价值

目的:研究胃癌患者和健康者血浆中miRNA的表达差异,为胃癌提供新的早期miRNA诊断标志物?方法:分别收集既往未行放化疗的初治胃癌患者和健康者外周血浆?采用商品化的试剂盒提取血浆中的RNA,用反转录及实时定量PCR的方法检测7种miRNA(miR-21?-27a?-191?-379?-658?-433?-383)的含量?结果:miR-191和miR-27a在胃癌患者血浆中的表达较健康者升高(P < 0.001),miR-191的AUC(ROC曲线下面积)为0.939,区分胃癌患者和健康者的敏感性和特异性分别为86.1%和100%?miR-27a的AUC为0.881,其敏感性和特异性为83.33%和86.67%?结论:外周血浆中miR-191和miR-27a有作为胃癌早期诊断的标志物的潜力?     

C-erbB-2、MMP2在乳腺癌中的表达及相互关系探讨

目的 :探讨癌蛋白 (C erbB 2 )和基质金属蛋白酶 (MMP2 )在乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达及相互关系。方法 :应用免疫组织化学S -P法对 5 6例乳腺浸润性导管癌的C erbB 2和MMP2的阳性表达进行检测分析。结果 :5 6例中有 37例 (6 6 % )C erbB 2过表达 ,39例 (6 9.6 % )MMP2过表达 ,C erbB 2和MMP2同时阳性表达者 32例(5 7 1% )。两者阳性率均随组织学分级升高而上升 ,但各级间未见明显差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。在转移组中 ,88.9% (2 4 /2 7)的病例C erbB 2过表达 ,85 .2 % (2 3/ 2 7)MMP2过表达 ,两者的过表达与转移呈正相关关系 (PC erbB 2 =0 .0 0 1,PMMP2 =0 .0 15 )。C erbB 2和MMP2阳性配对分析表明 ,两者间阳性表达互为正相关 (P <0 .0 0 5 ,r=0 .5 1)。结论 :在乳腺浸润性导管癌中 ,C erbB 2和MMP2的过表达提示转移增加 ,可以作为乳腺癌的预后指标。     

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of multiple endocrine neoplasia

Background Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) is relatively rare. But more patients could be found by detailed examination. We discuss the diagnosis and surgical treatment of MEN. Methods The clinical data of 95 MEN cases were retrospectively analyzed. There were 30 cases of MEN1 including 19 cases from 6 families. The MEN1 gene mutation was detected in 81.48% of cases admitted after 1997. There were 22 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), 10 cases of enteropanceatic tumor including 9 cases of insulinoma, 15 cases of pituitary adenoma, 9 cases of adrenal adenoma, 2 cases of thymic carcinoid. Two patients had 4 glands involved, 3 patients had 3 glands involved, 16 patients had 2 glands involved, and 6 patients had only one gland involved. Three patients had neither clinical symptoms nor biochemical changes, and was diagnosed by MEN1 gene mutation. Six patients presented with nephrolithasis and 6 patients had impaired pancreatic endocrine function. There were 60 cases of MEN2a and 5 cases of MEN2b. 58 cases of MEN2a belongs to 19 kindreds. All MEN2a patients but one presented RET gene mutation in codon 634, and all MEN2b cases had mutation in codon 918. 48 cases of MEN2a had thyroid masses with elevated calcitonin levels. 27 patients had pheochromocytoma including 12 cases of multiple loci and 5 malignancy. 13 patients presented with hyperparathyroidism. 5 MEN2b patients had medullary thyroid carcinoma and mucosal ganglioneuromatosis with Marfanoid. Among them, 3 patients had bilateral pheochromocytoma. Results In MEN1, subtotal parathyroidectomy was performed in 12 patients with PHPT and one patient received parathyroid adenoma enucleation. Insulinomas were enucleated in 4 patients. Two patients underwent thymus tumor extirpation. Total thyroidectomy with bilateral dissection of regional lymph nodes was performed in 16 patients with MEN2a and nodule enucleation was performed in 9 patients. Twenty two MEN2a patients underwent pheochromocytoma enucleation including bilateral adrenal resection in 10 cases. 5 MEN2b patients underwent total thyroidectomy with bilateral lymph node dissection. Among them, 3 cases underwent bilateral adrenal operations. Conclusions MEN varies in symptoms. Germline mutation test is helpful in establishing a diagnosis. Surgical management should be aimed at the improvement of life quality in MEN1 and prevention of the fetal tumors in MEN2.