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71.
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The DASH diet and blood pressure 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Craddick SR Elmer PJ Obarzanek E Vollmer WM Svetkey LP Swain MC 《Current atherosclerosis reports》2003,5(6):484-491
High blood pressure (also called hypertension) is one of the most important and common risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular
disease (CVD) and other chronic diseases. National guidelines recommend that all individuals with blood pressure readings
of 120/80 mm Hg or higher adopt healthy lifestyle habits, including the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet,
to manage their blood pressure. The DASH diet, which is high in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products and reduced
in fat, has been shown in large, randomized, controlled trials to reduce blood pressure significantly. The DASH diet also
has been shown to reduce blood cholesterol and homocysteine levels and to enhance the benefits of antihypertensive drug therapy.
The DASH diet should be promoted, along with maintaining healthy weight, reducing sodium intake, increasing regular physical
activity, and limiting alcohol intake, for lowering blood pressure and reducing the risk of CVD. 相似文献
73.
Background. The laryngeal tube is a new alternative for securingthe airway. After adequate oxygenation, insertion of a trachealtube is still required in many situations. In such circumstances,fibreoptic placement of a tube exchange catheter after placementof the laryngeal tube is possible before tracheal intubation.Throughout the procedure, oxygen administration can continuevia the laryngeal tube, the tube exchange catheter and the trachealtube. Methods. The feasibility of this technique was tested in 10patients scheduled for elective surgery. Results. The laryngeal tube was placed at the first attemptwith adequate ventilation in all patients. The tube exchangemanoeuvre was performed successfully in all but one patient. Conclusion. This technique is an important alternative for airwaymanagement and provides a significant degree of patient safety. Br J Anaesth 2002; 89: 7338 相似文献
74.
Tandon N Vollmer DG New PZ Hevezi JM Herman T Kagan-Hallet K West GA 《Journal of neurosurgery》2001,95(3):507-512
The problem of radiation-induced necrosis of normal brain surrounding the target area has been a major catalyst for the development of stereotactically focused radiation therapy. According to current opinion, the effects of stereotactic irradiation are confined to the region targeted. The authors present a case in which the administration of a conventional dose of stereotactically focused irradiation for treatment of a pilocytic astrocytoma produced fulminant necrosis that necessitated a combination of intensive surgical and medical management, after which the patient improved over the course of 1 year. Concomitant with his improvement, the initially remarkable findings on magnetic resonance imaging gradually resolved. In this presentation the authors emphasize the need to evaluate alternatives carefully before a decision is made to administer therapeutic irradiation. Furthermore, they explore the roles that target, host, and dosage factors play in hypersensitivity to radiation injury, the detection of these factors before treatment, and the administration of radioprotective agents. With the growing use of stereotactically focused irradiation as a primary treatment modality for a variety of neurosurgical conditions, it is important to be cognizant of its uncommon but potentially lethal side effects. A cooperative multicenter database in which the outcomes and morbidity following stereotactic irradiation are recorded is essential to the detection of relatively uncommon but severe complications such as those observed in this case. 相似文献
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Loss of tumor-promoting activity of unleaded gasoline in N- nitrosodiethylamine-initiated ovariectomized B6C3F1 mouse liver 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Unleaded gasoline (UG) vapor (2056 ppm) increased the incidence of liver
tumors in a chronic bioassay and exhibited tumor-promoting activity in
N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN)-initiated female mouse liver. Estrogen
inhibited mouse liver tumor development and the hepatocarcinogenic and
tumor-promoting dose of UG produced uterine changes suggestive of estrogen
antagonism. To directly test the hypothesis that UG-induced tumor-promoting
ability is secondary to its interaction with the mouse liver tumor
inhibitor, estrogen, we compared the tumor-promoting ability of UG in
ovariectomized (Ovex) mice with the hepatic tumor-promoting ability of UG
in intact mice. Ovaries were surgically removed at 4 weeks of age. Exposure
to wholly vaporized UG (2018 ppm) under bioassay and tumor-promoting
conditions began at 8 weeks of age. After 4 months of exposure, UG
increased relative liver weight and hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450
pentoxyresourfin-O- dealkylase and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity to
a similar extent in intact and Ovex mice. Non-focal hepatocyte
proliferation, as measured by the incorporation of bromo-deoxyuridine, was
not changed by UG exposure and was similar in all treatment groups. After 4
months of exposure to DEN-initiated mice, UG significantly increased the
volume fraction of liver occupied by foci (three-fold) as compared to
control intact mice. As expected, volume of foci was elevated in
DEN/Ovex/control mice as compared to DEN/intact/control mice. In DEN/Ovex
mice UG did not significantly increase the focal volume fraction. Thus, the
tumor promoting activity of UG, as demonstrated by increased volume
fraction of liver occupied by hepatic foci in intact mice, is greatly
attenuated in Ovex mice. The volume fraction data in Ovex mice support the
hypothesis that the tumor promoting activity of UG is dependent upon the
interaction of UG with ovarian hormones. These data also indicate that
hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 PROD and EROD induction, hepatomegaly
and non-focal hepatic LI are not specific markers of hepatic tumor
promoting activity of UG.
相似文献
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