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101.
Michelle Kiser Veronica Escamilla Jonathan Samuel Kacey Eichelberger Judith Mkwaila Bruce Cairns Anthony Charles 《World journal of surgery》2013,37(12):2972-2978
Background
Although interpersonal violence (“assault”) exists in every society, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 90 % of the exposure burden occurs in low- and middle-income countries. The objectives of this study were to define the incidence of assault-related injuries among subjects presenting for emergency room care secondary to sustained trauma in Lilongwe, Malawi; to measure the impact of sex on incidence, injury type, and care received; and to measure the effect of both sex and geographic location of the injury on time to presentation for medical care.Methods
This is a retrospective cohort analysis of data prospectively collected in the Kamuzu Central Hospital Trauma Surveillance Registry from July 2008 to December 2010 (n = 23,625). We used univariate, bivariate, and logistic regression analyses to measure association of sex with variables of interest, and geospatial mapping to evaluate the association of location of assault on time to presentation for care.Results
The mean age of our trauma cohort was 27.7 years. Assaults accounted for 26.8 % of all injuries. Of those assaulted, 21.0 % (1299) were female, who were younger (26.2 vs. 28.1 years, p < 0.001), more likely to arrive to the hospital by minibus (p < 0.001), and less likely to arrive by police (p < 0.001). Altogether 62 % of the females were assaulted in their homes—much more often than their male counterparts (p < 0.001). Females were more likely to sustain contusions (p < 0.001) and males more likely to have lacerations and penetrating stab wounds (p < 0.001) or head injury (p < 0.001). Females had delayed hospital presentation following assault (p = 0.001) and were more likely to be treated as outpatients after adjusting for age, injury type, and injury location (adjusted odds ratio 1.74, 95 % CI 1.3–2.3, p < 0.001). Assaults clustered geographically in the Lilongwe district. Delayed presentation of females occurred irrespective of proximity to the hospital.Conclusions
This study brings attention to sex differences in assault victims. A prevention strategy focusing on sex roles and domestic abuse of women is paramount. Efforts are needed to stop dischargin female assault victims back into a potentially unsafe, abusive environment. 相似文献102.
Claudia Celletti Manuela Galli Veronica Cimolin Marco Castori Nunzio Tenore Giorgio Albertini Filippo Camerota 《Research in developmental disabilities》2013,34(11):4280-4285
Gait analysis (GA) is widely used for clinical evaluations in various pathological states, both in children and in adults, such as in patients with joint hypermobility syndrome/Ehlers–Danlos syndrome hypermobility type (JHS/EDS-HT). Otherwise, GA produces a large volume of data and there is the clinical need to provide also a quantitative measure of the patient's overall gait. Starting from this aim some global indexes were proposed by literature as a summary measure of the patient's gait, such as the Gait Profile Score (GPS). While validity of the GPS was demonstrated for the evaluation of the functional limitation of children with Cerebral Palsy, no studies have been conducted in patients JHS/EDS-HT. The aim of our study was therefore to investigate the effectiveness of the GPS in the quantification of functional limitation of patients with JHS/EDS-HT. Twenty-one adult (age: 36.1 ± 12.7 years) individuals with JHS/EDS-HT were evaluated using GA and from GA data the GPS was computed. The results evidenced that the GPS value of patients was 8.9 ± 2.6, statistically different from 4.6 ± 0.9 displayed by the control group. In particular, all values of Gait Variable Scores (GVS) which compose the GPS were higher if compared to controls, with the exception of Pelvic Tilt and Foot Progression. The correlations between GPS/GVS and Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) showed significant relationship between GPS and the item 11 (“Walking 2 blocks”) (ρ = ?0.56; p < 0.05) and 12 (“Walking a mile”) of LEFS (ρ = ?0.76; p < 0.05). Our results showed that GPS and GVS seem to be appropriate outcome measures for the evaluation of the functional limitation during gait of patients with JHS/EDS-HT. 相似文献
103.
Hens MJ Alonso-Ferreira V Villaverde-Hueso A Abaitua I Posada de la Paz M 《Community dentistry and oral epidemiology》2012,40(2):185-192
Hens MJ, Alonso‐Ferreira V, Villaverde‐Hueso A, Abaitua I, Posada de la Paz M. Cost‐effectiveness analysis of burning mouth syndrome therapy. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2012; 40: 185–192. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S Abstract – Objective: To study the cost‐effectiveness of four alternative treatments for burning mouth syndrome (BMS). Methods: A cost‐effectiveness analysis was conducted from a healthcare payer perspective of four therapy strategies (amisulpride, paroxetine, sertraline and topical clonazepam), using a decision‐tree model that incorporated direct healthcare costs and probabilities associated with the possible events and outcomes. Average cost‐effectiveness and incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios were calculated. Sensitivity analyses included the costs of brand name and generic drugs in five European countries (France, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain and UK), as well as two scenarios with different treatment length. Results: Of the drugs analysed, topical clonazepam proved to be the most cost‐effective therapy. Although generic proved more efficient than brand name drugs, they displayed no advantage over brand name topical clonazepam. The Netherlands was the country with the highest overall drug efficiency. Sensitivity analyses highlighted the robustness of the model, because topical clonazepam proved to be the most efficient therapy under all the different scenarios. Conclusions: Topical clonazepam, which previous analyses of clinical evidence have shown to be the drug of choice for BMS, also proved to be the most cost‐effective of the drugs analysed for this condition. 相似文献
104.
Norberg Helena Pranic Veronica Bergdahl Ellinor Lindmark Krister 《European journal of clinical pharmacology》2020,76(4):539-546
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - The aims of this study were to examine sex differences in a heart failure population with regards to treatment and patient characteristics and to... 相似文献
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106.
Jocelyn A. Silvester Isabel Comino Lisa N. Rigaux Veronica Segura Kathy H. Green Angel Cebolla Dayna Weiten Remedios Dominguez Daniel A. Leffler Francisco Leon Charles N. Bernstein Lesley A. Graff Ciaran P. Kelly Carolina Sousa Donald R. Duerksen 《Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics》2020,52(9):1469-1479
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109.
Neuhaus Emily Kang Veronica Youn Kresse Anna Corrigan Sarah Aylward Elizabeth Bernier Raphael Bookheimer Susan Dapretto Mirella Jack Allison Jeste Shafali McPartland James C. Van Horn John D. Pelphrey Kevin Webb Sara Jane 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2022,52(1):454-462
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders - Aggressive behaviors are common among youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and correlate with pervasive social-emotional difficulties.... 相似文献
110.
Mirenda Pat Smith Veronica Colozzo Paola Vismara Laurie A. Ungar Wendy J. Kalynchuk Karen 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2022,52(11):4931-4948
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders - This study evaluated the fidelity and effectiveness of a parent coach training program for toddlers at risk for autism spectrum disorder and... 相似文献