五个疏肝复方对胃肠运动功能影响的比较研究

目的：观察五个疏肝复方对小鼠胃排空、小肠推进及大鼠肠收缩幅度和频率的影响，以探明五个疏肝复方有无促胃肠动力作用。方法：通过正常小鼠胃内葡聚糖蓝-2000残留量、小肠内葡聚糖蓝-2000推进率来研究五个疏肝复方时小鼠胃排空、小肠推进的影响；采用正常大鼠肠道气囊法，记录五个疏肝复方对正常大鼠肠收缩幅度和频率的影响。结果：除逍遥散组外，其余4组与阳性对照组小鼠胃内色素残留量显著降低。小肠推进率明显增高；大鼠肠收缩频率加快。收缩波幅升高，与空白对照组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．01）。结论：除逍遥散外，其余4个疏肝复方可以加快胃排卒，促进小肠推进，并增加肠收缩幅度与频率。     

肾盂切开配合气压弹道碎石治疗巨大肾结石体会

目的:探讨肾盂切开配合气压弹道碎石技术治疗巨大肾盂及肾铸型结石的临床疗效。方法:在肾盂切开取石中配合气压弹道碎石技术治疗18例巨大肾盂及肾铸型结石患者,并对手术效果进行临床跟踪观察。结果:18例患者均取石成功。平均手术时间152 mim,术中平均出血量110 mL。术后3周后行B超、KUB或IVP复查,结石一次性取净16例(16/18),2例(2/18)肾盏内分别残留0.7 cm×0.6 cm小结石及沙样结石。结论:肾盂切开配合气压弹道碎石治疗巨大肾结石,可避免行肾实质切开,减少肾功能损害及术中出血量,降低复杂肾结石的手术难度和手术风险,降低结石残余率,实现一机多用,值得推广应用。     

Use of E mu-PIM-1 transgenic mice short-term in vivo carcinogenicity testing: lymphoma induction by benzo[a]pyrene, but not by TPA

E mu-pim-1 transgenic mice are predisposed to develop lymphomas. Due to their low spontaneous tumour incidence and their increased sensitivity towards the lymphomagen ethylnitrosourea these mice may present an interesting model for short-term carcinogenicity testing. Here, we report on the further exploration of this transgenic mouse model with two additional carcinogens known to have, among others, the lymphohaematopoietic system as target, i.e. benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). B[a]P, given three times a week (by gavage) for 13 weeks at 4.3, 13 or 39 mg/kg body weight, resulted in a dose-related increase in lymphomas up to a 90% incidence in E(mu)-pim-1 mice during the observation period of 40 weeks. B[a]P also induced tumours of the forestomach within this observation period, though at a lower incidence and apparently equally effective in wildtype and transgenic mice. TPA, on the other hand, was unable to induce lymphomas (or tumours in any other organ) in either transgenic or wildtype animals within the observation period of 44 weeks, when applied dermally at the maximum tolerated dose of 3 microg/mouse, twice a week for 35 weeks. Molecular analysis showed that B[a]P-induced lymphomas in transgenic mice were of T-cell origin, 80% of which had elevated levels of c-myc expression. None of the lymphomas had increased N-myc expression and mutation analysis of the ras-gene family revealed a K-ras mutation in only one out of eight tumours investigated. Also, none of the lymphomas showed aberrant expression of p53 as determined by immunohistochemistry. It is concluded that the E mu-pim-1 mouse model will not be very suitable for short-term carcinogenicity testing in general: only genotoxic chemicals that have the lymphohaematopoietic system as target for carcinogenesis in wild- type mice, appear to be efficiently identified.      

融合蛋白DT389-hIL-13的克隆表达及其抗胶质瘤作用的初步研究

目的　构建白喉毒素N端 389个氨基酸 (DT389)与人白细胞介素 13(hIL 13)的融合蛋白DT389 hIL 13,并检测其生物学活性。方法　通过聚合酶链反应 (PCR)扩增得到hIL 13的cDNA ,将序列正确的hIL 13及DT389的cDNA片段串联插入表达载体pET30a ,构建表达质粒pET30a/DT389 hIL 13,并对表达产物进行鉴定及初步纯化。该融合蛋白加入培养的U2 51胶质细胞中 ,应用MTS方法检测其对多型性胶质母细胞瘤细胞的杀伤作用。结果　得到序列正确的融合蛋白DT389 hIL 13的表达质粒pET30a/DT389 hIL 13,该质粒在大肠杆菌成功表达 ,经初步纯化后 ,十二烷基磺酸钠 聚丙烯酰胺 (SDS PAGE)凝胶电泳及Western印迹分析表明 ,该融合蛋白对白喉毒素多克隆抗体及hIL 13多克隆抗体都有很好的免疫反应性 ,相对分子质量约为 5 5 0 0 0 ;进一步活性检测发现 ,该融合蛋白对多型性胶质母细胞瘤细胞系U2 5 1的生长有较强的抑制作用 ,且作用存在剂量相关性 ,其半数抑制浓度(IC50 )约为 5× 10 -11mol/L。结论　成功构建了融合蛋白DT389 hIL 13的表达质粒 ,在细胞水平对表达产物进行了初步的活性检测 ,为进一步研制特异性的抗胶质瘤药物打下了基础。     

Percutaneous removal of residual intrahepatic stones

In the Orient there is a high frequency of residual intrahepatic stones after biliary tract surgery. Percutaneous removal of residual intrahepatic stones was attempted in a group of 74 patients. Stones were exclusively intrahepatic in 57 patients, whereas 17 patients also had stones in the common bile duct. Biliary strictures were present in 60 cases (81%). A combination of techniques was used, including preshaped angulated catheters, irrigation-suction, balloon dilation of strictures, and crushing of large stones. In 36 cases all stones were removed and in 14 cases most stones were removed, for a success rate of 67.6%. Biliary stricture was the factor most often responsible for failure.     

Predicting RNA secondary structure based on the class information and Hopfield network

One of the models for RNA secondary structure prediction is to view it as maximum independent set problem, which can be approximately solved by Hopfield network. However, when predicting native molecules, the model is not always accurate and the heuristic method of Hopfield network is not always stable. It is because that the class information is lost and the accuracy is not determined by the number of base pairs only. Secondary structures of non-coding RNAs are believed conservative on the same class. However, software and web servers nowadays for RNA secondary structure prediction do not consider the class information. In this paper, we involve class information in the initialization of Hopfield network. When the initialization is improved, the promising experimental result shows the efficacy and superiority of our proposed methods.     

Plasma fibrinogen beta-148C/T gene polymorphism in cerebral infarction patients

BACKGROUND： Plasma fibrinogen （Fg） β-148C/T gene polymorphism is a risk factor for ischemic angiopathy. OBJECTIVE： To explore the frequency distribution of Fg β- 148C/T gene polymorphism and its relationship with plasma Fg levels in patients with cerebral infarction. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： Case control experiment of gene polymorphism was performed at the Central Laboratory of Qingdao University Medical College from January 2003 to June 2004. PARTICIPANTS： A total of 88 patients with cerebral infarction were recruited from the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, including 52 males and 36 females, averaging （61±14） years of age In addition, 80 healthy cases served as the control group, comprising 48 males and 32 females, with an average age of （58 ± 12） years. METHODS： Blood DNA was extracted, and electrophoresis results were observed using an ultraviolet single photon image system. The frequency distribution of Fg β -148C/T was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Plasma Fg levels were measured by cerebral infarction time. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Plasma Fg β -148C/T gene polymorphism and plasma Fg levels in patients with cerebral infarction. RESULTS： The frequency of the T allele, and plasma Fg levels in CC, CT, and CC＋CT genotype subgroup, were significantly greater in the cerebral infraction group, compared with the control group （P 〈 0.05）. However, there was no significant difference between the TT genotype subgroup and the control group （P 〉 0.05）. The plasma Fg levels in the CT, TT, and CT＋TT genotype groups were significantly greater than the CC genotype group （P 〈 0.05）. However, in the control group, plasma Fg levels in the TT genotype subgroup were significantly greater than the remaining genotype subgroups （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Plasma Fg β -148C/T gene polymorphism is an important hereditary factor for differences in plasma Fg levels. The T allele plays a crucial ro     

Breast and axillary tissue MR imaging: correlation of signal intensities and relaxation times with pathologic findings

We tested a variety of inversion-recovery (IR) and spin-echo (SE) sequences by imaging the breast masses of 22 patients before surgery and 23 tissue specimens with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging at 0.6 T to determine the most effective pulse sequences to evaluate breast disease. An SE pulse sequence using a long repetition time (TR) of 1,600 msec and a long echo time (TE) of 90 msec was found to be the most sensitive in depicting carcinoma in the excised tissue specimens, with all of the carcinomas (n = 15) demonstrating irregular areas of higher signal intensity (SI) than that of the adjacent fat. However, only five of 11 breast carcinomas present in the preoperative patients produced a higher SI than that produced by fat on the same T2-weighted sequence. Five of the remaining six carcinomas in the preoperative patients appeared as localized distortions of fibroductular architecture on both T2-weighted SE and IR sequences. In axillary tissue specimens, both metastatic carcinoma and hyperplastic lymph nodes produced a high SI on T2-weighted SE sequences. However, metastatic carcinoma had a significantly longer T2 relaxation time than did hyperplastic lymph nodes.