Xuezhikang ameliorates contrast media-induced nephropathy in rats via suppression of oxidative stress,inflammatory responses and apoptosis

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the preventive effect of xuezhikang (XZK) to replace atorvastatin on the contrast media-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI).

Methods: The male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into five groups: group 1 (sham), injected with normal saline; group 2 (XZK), treated with XZK; group 3 contrast media (CM), injected with CM; group 4 (CM?+?ATO), injected with CM?+?pretreatment with atorvastatin; group 5 (CM?+?XZK), injected with CM?+?pretreatment with XZK. Twenty-four hours after injection with normal saline or CM, the blood sample and the kidneys were collected for the measurement of biochemical parameters, oxidative stress markers, nitric oxide production, inflammatory parameters, as well as renal histopathology and apoptosis detection.

Results: Our results indicated that XZK restored the renal function by reducing serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Scr), depressing renal malondialdehyde (MDA), increasing renal NO production, decreasing TNF-ɑ and IL-6 expression, attenuating renal pathological changes and inhibiting the apoptosis of renal tubular cells.

Conclusion: XZK’s therapeutic effect is similar, or even better than atorvastatin at the same effectual dose in some parts.     

甘露聚糖肽预防慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性发作的单盲、随机双模拟临床研究

目的评价甘露聚糖肽预防慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)急性发作的临床效果及安全性。方法采用多中心、单盲、随机对照方法,试验组给予常规治疗,如解痉、祛痰、抗感染治疗,加用甘露聚糖肽胶囊(30 mg/d),对照1组加用安慰剂(30 mg/d),对照2组加用泛福舒7 mg/d,隔日服用,疗程为3个月,随访12个月评价患者的COPD急性发作情况及机体免疫功能。结果共240例患者入选,每组各80例,甘露聚糖肽显著减少COPD急性发作感染次数、发作天数、抗生素应用天数、住院天数及圣乔治呼吸问卷评分,显著改善肺功能指标第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)及CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+、IgA水平及6 min步行距离,与安慰剂比较具有统计学差异(P<0.05);与泛福舒相似,不具有统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论甘露聚糖肽可减少反复呼吸道发生COPD急性发作,提高肺功能指标及机体;免疫功能,提高患者的生活质量,不良反应轻微。     

人原发性直肠恶性淋巴瘤裸小鼠原位移植模型的建立及其生物学特性

目的:建立人原发性直肠恶性淋巴瘤裸小鼠原位移植模型,探讨其生物学特性.方法:采用人直肠原发性恶性淋巴瘤术中的新鲜瘤组织块植入裸鼠的直肠黏膜层内,观察原位移植的成瘤率,移植瘤的侵袭和转移率.进行形态学(光镜、电镜、免疫组织化学),染色体核型,流式细胞分析.结果:依据WHO新的分类标准,建成1株人直肠原发性(非霍奇金B细胞性)恶性淋巴瘤裸鼠原位移植模型HRBL-0305.移植瘤组织病理学为(非霍奇金B细胞性)高度恶性淋巴瘤;免疫组织化学示CD19,CD20,CD22,CD45阳性,CD3,CD7阴性.染色体众数56-69条,流式细胞DI值为1.57-1.61,均为异倍体.HRBL-0305已传至31代;共移植裸鼠187只.其肿瘤移植生长率和液氮冻存复苏成活率均为100.0%,肝转移率为45.4%,淋巴结和腹腔种植转移率均为38.0%,移植瘤在裸鼠的直肠内自主侵袭性生长,发生血液、淋巴转移和腹腔内种植性转移,移植瘤组织病理学,超微结构的观察,流式细胞DNA含量测定及染色体核型的分析,表明与人源直肠恶性淋巴瘤细胞相一致.结论:HRBL-0305是首次成功建立的人直肠原发性恶性淋巴瘤裸鼠原位移植模型,完整地重现了人直肠原发性恶性淋巴瘤的自然临床病理过程,且转移模式与临床患者相似,为研究直肠恶性淋巴瘤的生物学特性和治疗提供了理想动物模型平台.     

Beta 2-integrin and L-selectin are obligatory receptors in neutrophil aggregation [see comments]

We have recently found that antibodies to L-selectin, the homing receptor on neutrophils, are as effective as those to beta 2-integrin at blocking formyl peptide-stimulated aggregation. Therefore, we investigated the requirements for expression of L-selectin and beta 2- integrin on adjacent cells during aggregation. Fluorescence flow cytometry allowed characterization of aggregates on the basis of size and color, as well as antibody binding to these two adhesive molecules. Formyl peptide-stimulated aggregate formation was measured for individual populations fluorescently labeled red (LDS-751) or green (CD44-FITC), and interpopulation red-green cell conjugates. Blocking either the beta 2-integrin or L-selectin adhesive epitope with monoclonal antibody on individual cell populations resulted in an approximately 50% reduction in two-color aggregation as compared with that in unblocked samples. Shedding the L-selectin on a cell population by preincubation with complexes of lipopolysaccharide and its plasma membrane binding protein also decreased aggregation to a control population by approximately 50%. We examined the aggregation of neutrophils from patients genetically deficient in beta 2-integrin and clinically leukocyte adhesion deficient (LAD). LAD adhesion to normal neutrophils was dependent on the expression of L-selectin on LAD cells and beta 2-integrin on normal cells. Thus, the minimum requirement for adhesion between two mixed populations of neutrophils was that one population expressed the beta 2-integrin and the other expressed the L- selectin adhesive epitope.     

一种野战卫生装备维修作业平台的研制

目的 :研制一种检修作业平台,实现野战卫生装备的快速检测与维修。方法 :以装配的某型野战卫生装备维修车为机体进行优化设计,引入维修PDCA循环模型,利用计算机技术自动分析装备的可维修性。结果:该平台可以自动优化选择维修方案,自动控制作业环境,装载布局合理。结论:该平台操作简单、方便实用,能够完成多种野战卫生装备的快速抢修和检测。     

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia of childhood: identification of two distinct regions of deletion on the short arm of chromosome 12 in the region of TEL and KIP1

Cytogenetic analysis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) of childhood identified nonrandom chromosomal abnormalities of the short arm of chromosome 12. The alterations include deletions that are thought to be indicative of the presence of a tumor suppressor gene that is mutated on the remaining allele. To refine further the chromosomal localization of this gene, we analyzed the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of chromosome 12 in 100 primary ALL samples using 22 polymorphic markers and identified two distinct smallest common deleted regions on chromosome 12p13. One region is flanked by D12S77 and D12S98 and has a size of 4 cM. Twenty-six percent of informative patients showed LOH in this region. This region may contain the TEL gene. The other region is flanked by D12S269 and D12S308 including the KIP1 gene. Forty-four percent of informative patients showed LOH in this second region. Mutational analysis of KIP1 using polymerase chain reaction-single- strand conformation polymorphism analysis and Southern blot analysis showed no homozygous deletions and point mutations suggesting that the altered gene in this second region is not the KIP1. Clinical data showed that LOH of 12p was demonstrated more frequently in precursor-B ALLs (32 of 80; 40%) than in T-ALLs (1 of 20; 5%) (P = .0027). Furthermore, patients with 12p LOH were younger (P = .013), with a lower DNA index (P = .046), but they had the same survival rates at 3 years. In summary, these data suggest that two different tumor suppressor genes are on chromosome arm 12p, which act separately in the development of childhood precursor-B ALLs. One of the tumor suppressor genes is in the region the KIP1 gene, but our data suggest this gene is not abnormal. The other target is in the region of the TEL gene; and this candidate deserves further study.     

Prevalence of Peptic Ulcer in Dyspeptic Patients and the Influence of Age,Sex, and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Helicobacter pylori</Emphasis> Infection

We investigated the prevalence of peptic ulcer in dyspeptic patients in China to analyze the influence of age, sex, and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. The results showed that the prevalence of gastric and duodenal ulcer increased with age. In patients under 60 years old, the prevalence of duodenal and gastric ulcers in females was markedly lower than that in males, especially the prevalence of duodenal ulcer. The prevalence of duodenal ulcer and gastric ulcer in H. pylori-infected patients was markedly higher than in patients without H. pylori infection. In the patients under 60 years old, sex differences were still seen in both H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative patients. The prevalence of gastric and duodenal ulcers was markedly increased with age in both H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, male sex, and H. pylori infection were three independent risk factors for gastric and duodenal ulcers.     

Gallbladder gangrene after percutaneous vertebroplasty,an uncommon presentation of vascular complication: a case report and analysis of the causes

We present a case of an 81-year-old man with gallbladder gangrene after percutaneous vertebroplasty (PV) that was successfully treated via laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). The patient underwent multilevel, thoracic PV for painful osteoporotic compression fractures. PV performed at the T6 level was complicated by severe abdominal pain owing to direct embolization of the right T6 segmental artery with penetration of bone cement into the radicular artery beneath the pedicle. Cement leakage, especially arterial embolization of cement into the general circulation, is a known potential complication following PV. Serious complications related to PV augmentation procedures, such as vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty, are rare and most often result from local cement leakage or venous embolization. Combined with this case report, we reviewed the literature regarding the unusual occurrence of direct arterial cement embolization during PV and analyzed the causes to alert clinicians to this potentially rare vascular complication.     

Exploring the utility of whole‐exome sequencing as a diagnostic tool in a child with atypical episodic muscle weakness

The advent of whole‐exome next‐generation sequencing (WES) has been pivotal for the molecular characterization of Mendelian disease; however, the clinical applicability of WES has remained relatively unexplored. We describe our exploration of WES as a diagnostic tool in a 3½‐year old female patient with a 2‐year history of episodic muscle weakness and paroxysmal dystonia who presented following a previous extensive but unrevealing diagnostic work‐up. WES was performed on the proband and her two parents. Parental exome data was used to filter potential de novo genomic events in the proband and suspected variants were confirmed using di‐deoxy sequencing. WES revealed a de novo non‐synonymous mutation in exon 21 of the calcium channel gene CACNA1S that has been previously reported in a single patient as a rare cause of atypical hypokalemic periodic paralysis. This was unexpected, as the proband's original differential diagnosis had included hypokalemic periodic paralysis, but clinical and laboratory features were equivocal, and standard clinical molecular testing for hypokalemic periodic paralysis and related disorders was negative. This report highlights the potential diagnostic utility of WES in clinical practice, with implications for the approach to similar diagnostic dilemmas in the future.