Nail brittleness is a common complaint characterized by weak inelastic nails that split, flake and crumble. It may be a consequence of factors that alter nail plate production and/or factors that damage the already keratinised nail plate. It is often idiopathic. It can also be caused by many dermatological and systemic diseases, nutritional deficiencies, drugs and traumas. Environmental and occupational factors that produce progressive dehydration of the nail plate have an important role in nail brittleness. Treatment of brittle nails is often difficult. Preventative measures, together with oral supplementation of vitamins (especially biotin), oligo-elements and amino acids, can be useful in improving nail strength. Cosmetic treatment affords camouflage and a degree of protection. 相似文献
We report five cases of severe eye injury sustained in cricket, including retinal detachment and rupture of the globe. The eye is at particular risk from a rising ball. We comment on the need for appropriate facial protection for batsmen and close fielders. 相似文献
A method is described for the isolation of Herpesvirus simplex (HSV) from corneal discs of patients suffering from chronic stromal keratitis. The discs were removed during penetrating keratoplasty. Virus was successfully isolated from 2 out of 8 discs maintained in vitro. 相似文献
Psoriasis is associated with significant physical and psychological burden affecting all facets of a patient’s life – relationships, social activities, work and emotional wellbeing. The cumulative effect of this disability may be self‐perpetuating social disconnection and failure to achieve a ‘full life potential’ in some patients. Health‐related quality of life studies have quantified the burden of psoriasis providing predominantly cross‐sectional data and point‐in‐time images of patients’ lives rather than assessing the possible cumulative disability over a patient’s lifetime. However, social and economic outcomes indicate there are likely negative impacts that accumulate over time. To capture the cumulative effect of psoriasis and its associated co‐morbidities and stigma over a patient’s life course, we propose the concept of ‘Cumulative Life Course Impairment’ (CLCI). CLCI results from an interaction between (A) the burden of stigmatization, and physical and psychological co‐morbidities and (B) coping strategies and external factors. Several key aspects of the CLCI concept are supported by data similar to that used in health‐related quality of life assessments. Future research should focus on (i) establishing key components of CLCI and determining the mechanisms of impairment through longitudinal or retrospective case–control studies, and (ii) assessing factors that put patients at increased risk of developing CLCI. In the future, this concept may lead to a better understanding of the overall impact of psoriasis, help identify more vulnerable patients, and facilitate more appropriate treatment decisions or earlier referrals. To our knowledge, this is a first attempt to apply and develop concepts from ‘Life Course Epidemiology’ to psoriasis research. 相似文献
Painful ophthalmoplegia is a rare pathologic condition caused by non-specific inflammation of the cavernous sinus, but other causes such as tumours, vasculitis, basal meningitis, neurosarcoidosis, diabetes can be responsible for the syndrome. Aim of this study is a review of the cases of painful ophthalmoplegia admitted to our Institute in the last 20 years in order to verify the incidence of symptomatic versus benign forms in a clinical case series, with particular focus on the cases in which a long term (at least 4 years) and detailed follow-up did not revealed spread of any systemic disease or other presumed causes for painful ophthalmoplegia. Twenty-three patients were retrospectively studied, 12 patients (52%) were classified as benign forms and their disease course was again evaluated and 11 cases (48%) were designated as symptomatic. The present study suggests that in the clinical practice the incidence of benign forms among the painful ophthalmoplegias is more elevate than the symptomatic ones and underlines the need of a specific nosography for benign forms.