干扰素诱导淋巴瘤细胞凋亡实验及临床研究

目的：分析梯度浓度的干扰素(IFN-α)对Burkitt淋巴瘤细胞株Daudi和T细胞淋巴瘤细胞株Jurkut及15例难治性淋巴瘤患者的直接作用。方法：以MTT法测定梯度浓度的IFN-α对两种淋巴瘤细胞株Daudi、Jurkat增殖作用的影响，以DNA末端标记法，流式细胞术，电镜观察测定IFN-α对淋巴瘤细胞的凋亡诱导作用，并采用瘤内注射IFN-α联合化疗治疗15例耐药的难治性淋巴瘤。结果：低浓度亚IFN-α对DaudiJurkat细胞增殖无明显抑制作用，高浓度IFN(10000U／ml)可显著抑制两种细胞增殖，且有时间相关性。高浓度的IFN-α可诱导淋巴瘤细胞凋亡。15例患者CR5例，PR7例，有效率80％，无明显毒副作用。结论：IFN-α可抑制淋巴瘤细胞增殖，诱导凋亡，有显著时间，剂量依赖性。局部应用IFN-α联合化疗是治疗难治性淋巴瘤的有效方法之一。     

慢性乙型肝炎患者血清维生素E水平与肝组织病理的关系研究

目的 探讨慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者血清维生素E水平与肝组织病理的关系.方法 选择66例慢性乙型肝炎患者进行肝穿刺病理学检查,健康对照组10例.化学比色法检测血清维生素E表达水平,同时检测HBV DNA、HBeAg及肝功能.结果 与正常对照组相比,慢性乙型肝炎患者血清维生素E水平明显降低(P<0.01);HBeAg阳性组与HBeAg阴性组比较,血清维生素E水平无明显差别(P0.05).CHB患者血清维牛素E水平与肝脏组织炎症呈负相关关系(r=-0.451,P<0.05),而与肝脏组织纤维化程度无明显相关(r=0.02,P0.05).结论 维生素E作为体内重要的抗氧化剂,参与了慢性乙型肝炎的炎症过程.在肝脏炎症过程中,适当补充维生素E,可能有助于缓解病情.     

Effect of azelastine on the release and action of leukotriene C4 and D4

The effect of azelastine on the release of leukotriene C4 and D4 (LTC4 and LTD4), and the antagonistic action of the drug against the leukotrienes were determined by using in vitro tests and compared with those of ketotifen and chlorpheniramine. Azelastine inhibited LTC4 and LTD4 release from guinea pig lung fragments passively sensitized with homologous anti-ovalbumin IgGl-b antibody. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of azelastine was 6.4 X 10(-5) M for a 15-min preincubation or 4.7 X 10(-5) M for a 30-min preincubation. Ketotifen and chlorpheniramine were inhibitory only at the highest concentration tested (3 X 10(-4) M), giving inhibitions of 35.6 and 21.3%, respectively. Azelastine also inhibited calcium ionophore A23187-induced release of leukotrienes from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes; the IC50 values were 3.6 X 10(-5) M for 15 min and 2.3 X 10(-6) M for 30 min of preincubation. Ketotifen and chlorpheniramine were inhibitory only after a 30-min preincubation, with IC50 values of 2.1 X 10(-5) and 5.9 X 10(-5) M, respectively. The potent inhibition by azelastine might be partly a result of the inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase, since 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid formation in rat basophilic leukemia cell homogenate was inhibited by azelastine. Pretreatment of guinea pig ileum with azelastine antagonized LTC4- and LTD4-induced contraction of the ileum with IC50 values of 7.0 X 10(-6) and 1.1 X 10(-5) M, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Enterobacter asburiae sp. nov., a new species found in clinical specimens, and reassignment of Erwinia dissolvens and Erwinia nimipressuralis to the genus Enterobacter as Enterobacter dissolvens comb. nov. and Enterobacter nimipressuralis comb. nov.

Enterobacter asburiae sp. nov. is a new species that was formerly referred to as Enteric Group 17 and that consists of 71 strains, 70 of which were isolated from humans. Enterobacter asburiae sp. nov. strains gave positive reactions in tests for methyl red, citrate utilization (Simmons and Christensen's), urea hydrolysis, L-ornithine decarboxylase, growth in KCN, acid and gas production from D-glucose, and acid production from L-arabinose, cellobiose, glycerol (negative in 1 to 2 days, positive in 3 to 7 days), lactose, D-mannitol, alpha-methyl-D-glucoside, salicin, D-sorbitol, sucrose, trehalose, and D-xylose. They gave negative reactions in the Voges-Proskauer test and in tests for indole, H2S production, phenylalanine, L-lysine decarboxylase, motility, gelatin, utilization of malonate, lipase, DNase, tyrosine clearing, acid production from adonitol, D-arabitol, dulcitol, erythritol, i(myo)-inositol, melibiose, and L-rhamnose. They gave variable reactions in tests for L-arginine dihydrolase (25% positive after 2 days) and acid production from raffinose (69% positive after 2 days). Thirty-four Enterobacter asburiae sp. nov. strains were tested for DNA relatedness by the hydroxyapatite method with 32PO4-labeled DNA from the designated type strain (1497-78, ATCC 35953). The strains were 69 to 100% related in 60 degrees C reactions and 63 to 100% related in 75 degrees C reactions. Divergence within related sequences was 0 to 2.5%. Relatedness of Enterobacter asburiae sp. nov. to 84 strains of members of the Enterobacteriaceae was 5 to 63%, with closest relatedness to strains of Enterobacter cloacae, Erwinia dissolvens, Enterobacter taylorae, Enterobacter agglomerans, Erwinia nimipressuralis, and Enterobacter gergoviae. All strains tested were susceptible to gentamicin and sulfdiazine, and most were susceptible to chloramphenicol, colistin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, carbenicillin and streptomycin. All strains were resistant to ampicillan, cephalothin, and penicillin, and most were resistant or moderately resistant to tetracycline. Enterobacter asburiae sp. nov strains were isolated from a variety of human sources, most prevalent of which were urine (16 strains), respiratory sources (15 strains), stools (12 strains), wounds (11 strains), and blood (7 strains). The clinical significance of Enterobacter aburiae is not known. As a result of this and previous studies, proposals are made to transfer Erwinia dissolvens and Erwinia nimipressuralis to the genus Enterobacter as Enterobacter dissolvens comb. nov. and Enterobacter nimipressuralis comb. nov., respectively.     

氟达拉宾对系统性红斑狼疮BXSB小鼠狼疮活动的影响

目的 :探讨氟达拉宾对系统性红斑狼疮BXSB小鼠狼疮活动的影响 ,氟达拉宾治疗重型系统性红斑狼疮的可能性、有效性及其可能的机制。方法 :用 30mg (m2 ·d) ,连续 3天氟达拉宾尾静脉注入BXSB小鼠体内 ,用血液分析仪分析用氟达拉宾前后不同时间小鼠外周血白细胞的变化 ,用ELISA方法测定BXSB小鼠血清抗ds DNA抗体、抗核抗体的变化 ,免疫荧光检查肾组织的病理改变 ,尿蛋白试纸检测用氟达拉宾前后BXSB小鼠的蛋白尿 ,流式细胞仪分析T淋巴细胞表面CD4 + Fas+ 、CD8+ Fas+ 、、CD4 5RO+ Fas+ 表达的变化。结果 :用氟达拉宾后BXSB小鼠外周血白细胞数从第 3天开始下降 ,至第 7天时白细胞下降至最低值〔(0 5± 0 2 )× 10 9L- 1 〕 ,白细胞上升至 1 0× 10 9L- 1 的时间是用药后 19天 ;BXSB小鼠血清抗ds DNA抗体、抗核抗体的水平明显下降 ,分别出现在用氟达拉宾后第 14、2 1天时 ;用药后第 2 8天氟达拉宾组 72 7%的BXSB小鼠肾组织进行免疫荧光病理检查 ,其荧光强度由 +～ ++→± ;用氟达拉宾后第 2 1、2 8天尿蛋白从 ++～ +++转±～ -占 81 8% ;用Flu后BXSB小鼠CD4 + Fas+ 、CD8+ Fas+ 、CD4 5RO+ Fas+ 的表达均明显低于用Flu前。结论 :氟达拉宾可明显减少BXSB小鼠血清抗ds DNA抗体、抗核抗体的水平 ,减少BXSB小     

DFNB39, a recessive form of sensorineural hearing impairment, maps to chromosome 7q11.22-q21.12

This article describes the identification of a novel locus (DFNB39) responsible for an autosomal recessive form of hearing loss segregating in a Pakistani consanguineous family. The hearing impaired members of this family present with profound prelingual sensorineural hearing impairment and use sign language for communications. Linkage was established to microsatellite markers located on chromosome 7q with a maximum multipoint lod score of 3.8. The region of homozygosity spans a 19 cM region that is bounded by markers D7S3046 and D7S644.     

应用四环素调控系统建立可调控抗恶性疟原虫DNA疫苗的初步研究

目的 :应用四环素 (tetracycline,Tet)可调控系统建立可调控的抗恶性疟原虫的DNA疫苗。方法 :首先构建恶性疟原虫顶端膜抗原 1(AMA 1)基因和转录激活因子 (tTA或rtTA)基因的真核表达质粒pTL 8/AMA 1和pTL 8/AMA 1(rtTA) ,并大量制备这两种质粒及表达转录抑制子 (tTS)的质粒pUHS6 1。以pTL 8/AMA 1、pTL 8/AMA 1(rtTA)和pTL 8/AMA 1(rtTA)加pUHS6 1/tTS免疫小鼠后 ,用四环素类似物强力霉素 (doxcycline ,dox)诱导或抑制上述DNA载体内AMA 1的表达 ,并分离小鼠血清检测针对AMA 1抗体的表达情况。结果 :①构建了真核表达质粒pTL 8/AMA 1和pTL 8/AMA 1(rtTA) ;②pTL 8/AMA 1和pTL 8/AMA 1(rtTA)在没有被诱导表达时 (仅基础表达 ) ,可诱导明显的免疫应答。在以pTL 8/AMA 1(rtTA)与含tTS的pUHS6 1共同免疫后 ,可极大地降低其免疫应答。应用dox诱导pTL 8/AMA 1(rtTA)中的AMA 1基因表达后 ,可明显引起免疫应答。结论 :pTL 8/AMA 1(rtTA)附加pUHS6 1构成了可调节的DNA免疫系统。该系统的建立将对进一步深入研究DNA疫苗的免疫机制和调控基因表达 ,减少不良免疫反应以及进行可精确调控的基因治疗打下一定的基础     

生物功能化半导体量子点对活细胞内蛋白质分子可视化的研究进展

半导体量子点(或称半导体纳米微晶体)具有独特的光谱特性和良好的光化学稳定性。通过改变量子点的材料或粒径大小可在同一波长光激发下获得从紫外到近红外(或从蓝色到红色)波长范围内任意点的发射光谱。随着近年来生物亲和性功能化纳米技术的发展,为半导体量子点用于多通道、高通量对活细胞内蛋白质分子直接观察研究这一国际未解决的难题提供了可能。概述了生物功能化半导体量子点在活细胞生理条件对蛋白质分子进行可视化研究的最新进展,评价了其作为荧光探针对活细胞蛋白质分子进行实时动态研究的发展前景。     

Heterogeneity of feline herpesvirus type 1 strains

Summary Heterogeneity of 9 feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1) strains consisting of the prototype C27 strain, one French isolate, six Japanese isolates, and the attenuated vaccine F2 strain was examined by biological, immunological, and molecular biological methods. No significant difference was observed in virus growth and antigenic properties among the strains in Crandell feline kidney cell cultures. Hemagglutination activity was also detected in all extracts of cells infected with each strain. However, in immunoblot analysis, a virus-structural immunogenic protein with an M_r of 36 kDa was lacking in 2 strains, one of which was the vaccine F2 strain, whereas the other immunogenic proteins including three kinds of major glycoproteins were detected in all strains without differences in electrophoretic mobilities. Furthermore, when restriction endonuclease analysis was performed to examine the genomic heterogeneity of strains, the cleavage patterns with the enzymeMluI showed a genomic heterogeneity between wild and vaccine strains. In contrast, only a slight variation in the sizes of some fragments was shown with most of the 7 other enzymes used. These results indicated that the lack of the 36 kDa protein and theMluI cleavage pattern could be used as markers of the vaccine F2 strain. The specific markers are important not only to control the quality of the vaccine but also to evaluate the vaccine immunity in FHV-1 infection in cats.