乳腺导管内增生性病变中Survivin的表达及意义

目的 探讨乳腺良性、恶性病变中Survivin的表达及临床病理特征的关系。方 法应用免疫组织化学SP法检测23例癌旁正常乳腺组织、28 例乳腺增生组织（其中20 例普通型增生,8 例非典型增生）、8 例导管内癌、98 例浸润性癌组织Survivin 的表达。结果非典型增生上皮和导管内癌的Survivin水平高于正常乳腺腺上皮（P＜0.01）;浸润性导管癌组织中的Survivin表达率为49.0%高于正常乳腺腺上皮（P＜0.05）;与增生的乳腺组织和导管内癌组间差异无显著性。浸润性癌中的Survivin表达与分级、腋淋巴结转移、TNM分期有关,与病人的年龄、肿瘤大小、ER、PR无关。结论Survivin在乳腺良恶性病变不同表达,提示其在乳腺癌发生、发展中起重要作用,可以为乳腺癌的诊断、治疗和预后提供依据。     

中国2019年乙型肝炎监测试点报告病例分析

目的:分析2019年全国法定传染病报告系统（NNDRS）乙型肝炎（乙肝）报告情况和质量。方法:下载2019年全国200个乙肝监测试点NNDRS报告的乙肝个案调查表和附卡,计算附卡有效填写率;根据附卡信息,按照乙肝诊断标准（WS 299-2008）对报告乙肝进行复核,用Kappa检验评价报告与复核分类的一致性;分析导致分...     

PETRA-MRA可评估大脑中动脉粥样硬化性狭窄患者的狭窄程度及预后

目的  分析大脑中动脉粥样硬化性狭窄患者狭窄程度及预后的径向采集逐点编码缩短时间MR血管成像(PETRA-MRA)影像的相关性。方法  本研究采取回顾性研究,以2021年5月~2022年6月本院收治的72例大脑中动脉粥样硬化性狭窄患者作为研究对象,根据Rankin量表(mRS)评分(以mRS评分 > 2分为预后不良)将患者分为预后不良组(n=15)和预后良好组(n=57)。比较不同狭窄程度、不同预后患者的大脑中动脉血流信号评分、磁敏感伪影评分之间的差异。结果  针对大脑中动脉硬化患者的诊断而言,时间飞跃法MR血管成像(TOF-MRA)诊断对患者的病灶部位的狭窄程度以及病变程度高于PETRA-MRA,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);TOF-MRA诊断对患者的病灶部位的磁敏感伪影评分以及血流信号评分高于PETRA-MRA,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);不同狭窄程度患者的病灶部位的长度以及狭窄程度之间的差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);不同狭窄程度患者的病灶部位的磁敏感伪影评分以及血流信号评分的差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05);预后良好组患者的病灶部位的长度以及狭窄程度低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);不同预后患者的病灶部位磁敏感伪影评分以及血流信号评分的差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。结论  采用PETRA-MRA对大脑中动脉粥样硬化性狭窄患者狭窄程度及预后进行评估,其图像质量较好,建议临床推广。     

基于数据挖掘治疗过敏性紫癜肾炎用药规律探讨

目的:基于数据挖掘技术探讨中药复方治疗过敏性紫癜肾炎的用药规律。方法:以中国方剂数据库为检索库,检索治疗"葡萄疫""紫癜""血尿""尿浊""水肿"的中药方剂,建立中药复方治疗过敏性紫癜肾炎的方剂数据库,并采用Excel、SPSS 20. 0软件进行频数及频率分析、因子分析等,进而对中药复方用药规律进行定量、定性分析并探讨其可能相关机制。结果:中药复方治疗过敏性紫癜肾炎涉及复方449首中药294种高频中药81味,茯苓、甘草、当归、生地黄、黄芩和防风较为常用;在功效方面补气药、理气药、利水消肿药、发散风寒药、补血药选用次数较多。四气以寒、温、平为主;五味以甘、苦、辛为主;以脾经、肺经、心经、肾经、肝经、胃经等6条经脉选用次数较多。最终提取了29个公因子,累积贡献率达100%,其中以补中益气、滋阴补血、利水渗湿为主;通过聚类分析,提取了6个常用得药对或药组。结论:过敏性紫癜肾炎的临床诊疗中,首先应辨明急性活动期和慢性缓解期,急性期以祛风散邪、活血化瘀之法治疗,用发散风寒、利水渗湿、凉血止血功效的中药;慢性期以补益之法,主要用补中益气、滋阴补血功效的中药,并选取相应中药组方治疗。     

Synthesis of two substrate mimics of thioesterase in the biosynthesis of cyclic depsipeptide WS9326A

WS9326A is a tachykinin receptor antagonist and quorum sensing inhibitor discovered from several Streptomyces strains. The structure of WS9326A features a (Z)-pentenylcinnamoyl moiety attached on a cyclic depsipeptide skeleton, which is biosynthesized by nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS). The regioselective cyclization in the last step of NRPS catalysis, which is proposed to be catalyzed by a thioesterase (TE) domain in the last module, has not been experimentally characterized. We here reportthe synthesis of two substrate mimics (1 and 2) of the TE (WS9326A-TE) in WS9326A biosynthesis, by using Fmoc-based solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) method. Compounds 1 and 2 are new compounds whose structures have been elucidated based on NMR and HRESIMS analyses. The N-terminal cinnamoyl moiety and C-terminal methylated l-Ser moiety in 2 were incorporated under the mild SPPS conditions. Given the isolation difficulties of substrate of WS9326A-TE from the Streptomyces producers of WS9326A, our synthesis of 1 and 2 set the stage for the reconstitution of WS9326A-TE’s catalytic reaction in vitro in the future.     

用于分子生物学中DNA快速提取技术的研究

本文建立了应用碘化钾快速提取DNA的方法，提取55份外周血及14份骨髓标本，用紫外分光光度计检测其纯度和浓度，并用于一系列分子试验加以验证获得满意效果。     

Identification of Genes Overexpressed in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using a Combination of Complementary DNA Subtraction and Microarray Analysis

Objectives/Hypothesis To discover unique genes specific for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck for eventual development as tumor markers and vaccine candidates. Study Design Molecular biological analysis of fresh‐frozen head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC). Methods A subtractive library was made from two HNSCC and six normal tissues using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–based approach. Genes from this library were PCR amplified and placed on a microarray glass slide. RNA was prepared or obtained from 16 fresh‐frozen HNSCC and 22 normal tissue sources. Fluorescent probes were made from the polyA+ RNA derived from the tumor and normal tissues. The probes were hybridized to the glass slides and excited by a tuneable laser. One hundred seven of the genes showing the highest differential fluorescence value between tumor and normal tissue were identified by sequence analysis. Results Thirteen independent genes were found to be overexpressed in tumor tissues. Of these, nine were previously known: keratins K6 and K16, laminin‐5, plakophilin‐1, matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP), vascular endothelial growth factor, connexin 26, 14–3‐3 sigma, and CaN19. The level of polyA+ RNA of these genes in the tumors was significantly different from the levels in normal tissue (P < .05). Four previously unidentified genes were also discovered to have increased expression in tumor tissue. Comparing the total tumor group (n = 16) to the normal group (n = 22), only one of these genes showed significant overexpression. Conclusion We report the identification of nine known genes that are significantly overexpressed in HNSCC as compared to normal tissue using subtractive and microarray technology. In addition, we present four previously unidentified genes that are overexpressed in a subset of tumors. These genes will be developed as tumor markers and vaccine candidates.     

多专科模拟实景演练医护培训提高急性心肌梗死患者救治时效性研究

目的探讨多专科模拟实景演练医护培训提高急性心肌梗死患者救治时效性的价值。方法以中国胸痛中心认证中缩短急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)急诊经皮冠脉介入治疗(PCI)患者就诊至首次球囊扩张(DTB)时间的处理与救治措施为标准,由多科室护士长组成模拟实景演练培训小组,负责理论授课与设计实景演练方案,对105名相关科室护士和14名医生进行模拟实景演练培训。比较培训前280例(对照组)、培训后316例(观察组)STEMI急诊PCI患者的DTB各环节时间和预后情况。结果观察组DTB各环节时间显著缩短,DTB平均用时由104.64min缩短至77.45 min(均P0.01),患者平均住院日和费用显著缩短和减少(均P0.01)。结论运用模拟实景演练方法培训多科室护士明显缩短患者DTB时间,并显著提高急性心肌梗死患者救治时效性。     

高血压合并代谢综合征患者血清瘦素与靶器官损伤的研究进展

瘦素是维持人体能量代谢平衡的蛋白质,在人体中主要由白色脂肪组织分泌,通过与瘦素受体结合发挥作用.近年来有许多与瘦素相关的研究证明高血压患者及代谢综合征患者的血清瘦素水平较健康人群明显升高.两种疾病均可出现心室肥厚,蛋白尿,动脉粥样硬化等表现,说明二者存在共同的靶器官.瘦素代谢异常可出现瘦素抵抗并通过影响肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统(renin angiotensin aldosterone system, RAAS)及炎症细胞因子来损伤靶器官.本文旨在总结瘦素在高血压及代谢综合征中的作用机制,并探讨瘦素对高血压合并代谢综合征靶器官损伤作用的研究进展.