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991.
992.
Bruce Ho PhD Woodrew Chao Reza Sadri Lu Huang Ricky Taira Henry Shih 《Journal of digital imaging》1995,8(4):180-190
A key advantage in the conversion from film-based to digital radiology is the possibility of a long-term on line electronic archival of patient studies. The popular approach based on optical disk jukeboxes for the long-term archive and magnetic disk storage for data caching is not economically attractive because of the cost of both the jukebox and the medium. Strategies for extending the archival system design with a tape jukebox have been studied. The proposed strategy calls for the use of high-ratio lossy compression together with low-cost tape storage to make long-term on line archiving more affordable. An intelligent prefetching algorithm based on hospital information system and radiologic information system triggers, which in turn are augmented by manual case preparation, can effectively overcome the longer latency of ad hoc retrievals. This longer latency is caused by both system-level bottlenecks and the sequential access constraint of the tape drive. Strategies for image clustering and tape allocation by patient classification also enhance retrieval efficiency. This archival design using image compression, prefetching, and clustering could be implemented in many of the existing teleradiology and picture archiving and communication systems. 相似文献
993.
Excised mouse pubic bone rudiments were exposed to H3-thymidine. Rudiments preserved immediately after exposure consisted of mesenchyme with a large number of cells showing intense radioactivity. Rudiments incubated on a filter membrane after exposure went through the developmental stages of complete chondrification of the pubic rami followed by periosteal and then endochondral bone formation. Only chondrocytes showed radioactivity in rami consisting of cartilage and periosteal bone that were preserved prior to endochondral ossification. Cell types showing radioactivity in rami preserved during endochondral ossification were chondrocytes, chondroclasts, and osteoblasts and osteocytes of endochondral bone. The results of the study demonstrated that hypertrophic chondrocytes of the calcified cartilage of a developing mammalian long bone not only survive dissolution of their matrix, but transform into chondroclasts and osteoprogenitor cells that give rise to osteoblasts and osteocytes which form endochondral bone in the absence of blood vessels. 相似文献
994.
H. Schwegler P. K. D. Pilz M. Koch M. Fendt R. Linke P. Driscoll 《Behavior genetics》1997,27(6):579-582
To investigate the emotional reactions of two rat strains selectively bred for good and poor two-way avoidance acquisition (RHA/Verh and RLA/Verh), male animals of both strains were tested in an acoustic startle response test. They received 40 acoustic stimuli followed by 10 electric foot shocks and another 30 acoustic stimuli. RLA/Verh rats showed a significantly higher startle response compared to RHA/Verh animals, indicating a stronger emotional reaction to acoustic stimuli. In addition, the former showed a stronger response to foot shocks. Combined with earlier findings, we conclude that selection for two-way avoidance learning does not result in cognitive defects in the RLA/Verh strain but, rather, in stronger emotional reactions to fearful stimuli. 相似文献
995.
The role of intraoperative frozen section in certain organ systems such as the thyroid continues to be problematic. In many
cases, diagnoses are deferred or nonhelpful—“follicular lesion.” In the modern era, the widespread use of preoperative aspiration
biopsy has allowed for more careful selection of patients who undergo thyroid surgery. In many cases, the fine-needle-aspiration
(FNA) biopsy diagnosis can be definitive or can guide the specific surgical procedure. The literature supports our approach,
which is summarized as follows: Intraoperative consultation is not needed on the intrathyroidal nodule if a preoperative FNA
was definitive for papillary carcinoma. Frozen section is of no value in the intraoperative diagnosis of lesions diagnosed
on FNA as “follicular neoplasm” or “Hürthle cell neoplasm” because the characterization of these lesions requires detailed
analysis of the tumor capsule for the demonstration of capsular and/or vascular invasion—an analysis that is not practical
in the intraoperative setting. Finally, intraoperative consultation including frozen section and intraoperative cytologic
examination is most useful in those cases that are diagnosed as suspicious for papillary carcinoma by FNA, because the assessment
of nuclear features needed for the definitive diagnosis is possible with intraoperative techniques in a significant number
of cases. 相似文献
996.
Roger Sciammas Y. Tatsumi A. I. Sperling K. Arunan Jeffrey A. Bluestone PhD 《Immunologic research》1994,13(4):268-279
γδ cells participate in pathogenic infections and autoimmune conditions, yet, almost a decade after their discovery, little
is known regarding their TCR repertoire or effector functions. Unlike MHC-restricted antigen recognition employed by TCRαβ
cells, TCRγδ cells can recognize whole unprocessed antigens in an MHC-independent manner. The nature of positive and negative
selection used to shape the repertoire of TCRγδ cells is unclear, especially in the nonlymphoid tissues where these cells
predominate. While TCRγδ cells express an activated phenotype and are present in pathological conditions, their roles in immunological
protection is unknown. This review will focus on our efforts to study these issues of TCRγδ biology. 相似文献
997.
998.
999.
Per H.B. Carstens MD Cyrus Ghazi MD Robert H. Carnighan MD PhD McHenry S. Brewer MD 《Human pathology》1986,17(12):1282-1285
Biliary tract obstruction in a 30-year-old man was found to be caused by a malignant melanoma in the common bile duct. Melanin pigment was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Extensive search for a primary malignant melanoma elsewhere was unsuccessful. No pigmented lesions had been removed previously. There were junctional changes in the mucosa of the common bile duct close to the tumor. The malignant melanoma in the common bile duct therefore is considered to be primary. Only one other case of primary malignant melanoma in the common bile duct has been described in the literature, whereas metastases to the major bile ducts in one autopsy study of malignant melanoma in the more common locations were found with a frequency of 6 per cent. 相似文献
1000.
Ultrastructural and biochemical aspects of liver mitochondria during recovery from ethanol-induced alterations. Experimental evidence of mitochondrial division. 下载免费PDF全文
O. R. Koch L. L. Roatta de Conti L. P. Bolaos A. O. Stoppani 《The American journal of pathology》1978,90(2):325-344
To study the morphologic and biochemical changes occuring in liver mitochondria during recovery from ethanol-induced injury, rats fed a 6-month high-alcohol regimen plus a nutritionally adequate diet which did not induce fatty liver were compared with isocalorically fed controls. After this period the alcohol-fed animals displayed striking ultrastructural changes of liver mitochondria and a decreased respiratory activity with succinate or malate-glutamate as substrate. On the contrary, the respiratory rate with I-glycerophosphate was 50% increased. Regression changes were studied after alcohol was withdrawn from the diet. Enlarged mitochondria rapidly disappeared (in 24 hours), although a few megamitochondria were still present after 8 days of abstinence. A similar recovery was observed for the functional alterations. At the end of the experimental period, only a slight decrease of the maximal respiratory rate using malate-glutamate as a substrate was noted. The ultrastructural findings and the morphometric data suggest that the way in which mitochondrial normalization takes place is based on partition of these organelles. 相似文献