Associations between physical activity and sedentary time on components of metabolic syndrome among adults with HIV

Recent data show that people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are at a greater risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which could possibly be explained by an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) due to the known toxicities associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART). The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between physical activity (PA) and components of MetSyn in a sample of PLWHA taking ART. A total of 31 males and 32 females living with HIV and currently taking ART were enrolled in a home-based PA intervention aimed to reduce risk factors for CVD. Clinical assessments included measures of resting blood pressure (BP), waist circumference, height, weight, PA levels via accelerometer, and a fasted blood draw. Components of MetSyn were divided into three clusters (1 = 0–1; 2 = 2; 3 = 3 or more). A one-way analysis of variance was used to determine differences between clusters. Multiple linear regressions were used to identify significant associations between moderate intensity PA (MPA) and sedentary time among components of MetSyn. MPA was significantly lower across MetSyn clusters (p < 0.001), whereas sedentary time was significantly higher (p = 0.01). A multiple linear regression showed MPA to be a significant predictor of waist circumference after controlling for age, race, gender, and sedentary time. Routine PA can be beneficial in helping PLWHA reduce waist circumference ultimately leading to metabolic improvements. This in turn would help PLWHA self-manage known components of MetSyn, thus reducing their risk of CVD and mortality.     

Effects of administration styles of arsenic trioxide on intracellular arsenic concentration, cell differentiation and apoptosis

We studied the effects of varying and steady-state concentrations of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) on apoptosis and differentiation of several cell lines in vitro. We also studied the same effects of fluctuating vs constant concentrations of As2O3 in vivo in patients treated with daily 3-hour fast infusions or daily slow, continuous infusions. Intracellular concentrations of arsenic and apoptosis rate were higher whereas differentiation was reduced in cells exposed to constant concentrations of As2O3.     

BRAF V600E mutation as a novel mechanism of acquired resistance to ALK inhibition in ALK-rearranged lung adenocarcinoma: A case report

Rationale:Patients with lung adenocarcinoma harboring EML4-ALK rearrangements respond well to multiple ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, the tumor will invariably progress due to acquired resistance. Comprehensive genomic profiling appears to be a promising strategy to reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms of ALK-TKIs resistance.Patient concerns:A patient with right lung adenocarcinoma harboring an ALK rearrangement received targeted therapy with multiple ALK-TKIs. He sought for follow-up treatment after his disease progressed again.Diagnosis:The patient had a tumor diagnosed with stage I (T1bN0M0) lung adenocarcinoma.Interventions:Due to the surgical contraindication, the patient did not undergo surgical resection. Instead, he received crizotinib as the first-line therapy with the progression-free survival of 20 months. Then he switched to alectinib treatment, however the disease rapidly progressed again.Outcomes:Next-generation sequencing was performed and revealed that 7 somatic mutations were identified. Among them, 2 mutations, ALK I1171T and BRAF V600E, may be responsible for the resistance of this patient to ALK-TKIs. BRAF V600E mutation may explain the patient''s resistance to lorlatinib.Lessons:We present a case of ALK-rearranged lung adenocarcinoma with acquired resistance to ALK inhibition, in which the BRAF V600E mutation is a novel resistance mechanism. This provides evidence that BRAF V600E mutation is one mechanism of ALK-TKI resistance.     

The flow characteristics of solid particles used as additives for lubricants in the point contact area

Solid nanoparticles have been applied as anti-wear and friction reduction additives for lubricants. In this paper, the flow characteristics of solid particles used as additives for lubricants were studied. A flow field visualizer based on high speed photography was developed. The particle trajectories in the point contact area were recorded using the flow field visualizer and were compared with the particle trajectories simulated using COMSOL. The results were analyzed and compared with tribological test results. It was found that the experimental results matched well with the simulation results, and the speed of the particles decreased by 60% at the inlet and outlet zones of the contact area. Solid particles were found to experience an unsteady flow in both the inlet and outlet zones and this would contribute to particle sedimentation in those areas, which matches well with the findings of the tribology test, which showed that more particles sedimented in those two areas.

The flow characteristics of solid particles used as lubricant additives under point contact conditions were investigated.     

Utilization of phosphate rock as a sole source of phosphorus for uranium biomineralization mediated by Penicillium funiculosum

In this work, uranium(vi) biomineralization by soluble ortho-phosphate from decomposition of the phosphate rock powder, a cheap and readily available material, was studied in detail. Penicillium funiculosum was effective in solubilizing P from the phosphate rock powder, and the highest concentration of the dissolved phosphate reached 220 mg L⁻¹ (pH = 6). A yellow precipitate was immediately formed when solutions with different concentrations of uranium were treated with PO₄³⁻-containing fermentation broth, and the precipitate was identified as chernikovite by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray powder diffraction. Our study showed that the concentrations of uranium in solutions can be decreased to the level lower than maximum contaminant limit for water (50 μg L⁻¹) by the Environmental Protection Agency of China when Penicillium funiculosum was incubated for 22 days in the broth containing 5 g L⁻¹ phosphate rock powder.

In this work, uranium(vi) biomineralization by soluble ortho-phosphate from decomposition of the phosphate rock powder, a cheap and readily available material, was studied in detail.     

髓芯减压结合aFGF并髂骨混合物植入治疗犬股骨头坏死的效果

目的探讨髓芯减压结合酸性成纤维细胞生长因子(aFGF)并髂骨混合物植入治疗犬股骨头坏死的效果。方法将13只成年健康杂种犬分为5组,A、B、C、D组用液氮冷冻法制备单侧股骨头坏死模型,然后A组(3只)采用髓芯减压结合aFGF并髂骨混合物植入进行治疗,B组(3只)采用髓芯减压后髂骨植入进行治疗,C组(3只)采用单纯髓芯减压进行治疗,D组(3只)作为造模后对照,E组(1只)作为空白对照。各组分别于术后4、8、12周行髋部MR检查,A~D组并在相应时间处死1只动物进行病理检查。结果 A、B、C、D组造模均成功,4周时A组即有明显血管和新骨生成,程度明显强于其他各组。8周时A组修复基本完成,12周时B组修复基本完成,C组修复缓慢。结论髓芯减压结合aFGF并髂骨混合物植入能促进犬股骨头坏死的修复。     

Association of Resistance Exercise With the Incidence of Hypercholesterolemia in Men

Objective

To examine the associations of resistance exercise, independent of and combined with aerobic exercise, with the risk of development of hypercholesterolemia in men.

糖尿病合并非酒精性脂肪肝的危险因素分析

目的：探讨2型糖尿病合并非酒精性脂肪肝（ NAFLD）的危险因素。方法：回顾性分析104例2型糖尿病合并NAFLD患者和157例未合并NAFLD糖尿病患者性别、年龄、糖尿病家族史、高血压病史、吸烟史、体重指数（ BMI）、血尿酸、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、总胆固醇（ TC）、甘油三酯（ TG）、高密度脂蛋白（ HDL）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、超敏C反应蛋白、血浆凝血酶原时间（PT）、糖化血红蛋白（HBA1C）、空腹血糖（FPG）的差异。非条件logis-tic回归模型进行2型糖尿病合并NAFLD的危险因素分析。结果：2组年龄、BMI、HBA1C、FPG、TG差异有统计学意义（χ2＝7．266、66．897、8．911、9．348、30．161,P＜0．05）;Logistic回归模型分析结果显示肥胖、高TG是2型糖尿病合并NAFLD的危险因素[OR（95％CI）＝4．503（2．930～6．919）,1．563（1．154～2．117）]。结论：肥胖和高TG是2型糖尿病合并NAFLD的危险因素。