A型行为与原发性高血压的关系探讨

目的:探讨A型行为对高血压病的发生、发展的影响.方法:采用A型行为问卷,随机调查230例患者,分为高血压组与非高血压组,其中高血压组147例(A型行为89例,占89/147),非高血压组66例(A型行为14例,占14/66).17例被剔除.并对A型行为(24例)和B型行为(26例)患者的血管活性物质去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾素(Ren)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)、醛固酮(ALd)水平进行测试.结果:高血压组A型行为人数明显多于非高血压组,P＜0.05,有显著差异.A型行为患者的血浆NE、Ren水平明显高于B型行为患者,P＜0.05,有显著差异,Ang Ⅱ、Ald两组P＞0.05,无显著差异.结论:A型行为对高血压病的发生、发展有着一定的影响,对病人的预后可能产生不利作用.     

振动负荷试验对振动作业工人脑干听觉诱发电位影响的研究

本文研究了振动性白指患者（白指组）、振动作业工人（接振组）振动负荷前后脑干听觉诱发电位（ＢＡＥＰ）的变化，并同对照组进行了比较。结果表明，振动负荷前后白指组ＢＡＥＰ的Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ波潜伏期及各峰间期和接振组Ⅰ波潜伏期均较对照组明显延长（Ｐ＜００５，Ｐ＜００１）；白指组ＢＡＥＰ的Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ波、各峰间期及接振组Ⅰ、Ⅴ波潜伏期在振动负荷后较振动负荷前明显缩短（Ｐ＜００５）。从而提示，振动可致脑干听通路受累，并使中枢神经系统对刺激的反应性下降；ＢＡＥＰ结合振动负荷试验对评价手传振动引起的中枢神经系统损害具有一定意义。     

不同种类和剂量乙型肝炎疫苗成年人快速免疫效果观察

目的 探讨不同种类和剂量乙型肝炎（乙肝）疫苗（HepB）在成年人中的快速免疫效果。方法 在北京市朝阳区筛选≥ 20周岁、乙肝5项指标检测为阴性或单独核心抗体阳性者为接种对象,以社区为单位分成4组,按"0-1-2"免疫方案分别接种10、20 μg酒酿酵母乙肝疫苗（HepB-SCY）、20 μg中国仓鼠卵巢乙肝疫苗（HepB-CHO）、10 μg汉逊酵母乙肝疫苗（HepB-HPY）。全程接种1~2个月后采用化学发光法定量检测抗-HBs水平。结果 共有1 772名符合条件的研究对象完成疫苗接种和效果观察。平均年龄48.50岁,女性占62.75%。10、20 μg HepB-SCY组,20 μg HepB-CHO组和10 μg HepB-HPY组的抗-HBs阳转率和几何平均滴度（GMT）分别为79.49%、84.34%、82.50%、74.15%（P=0.005）和39.53、62.37、48.18、33.64 mIU/ml（P=0.025）;总体抗-HBs阳转率和GMT分别为79.01%和41.18 mIU/ml。4组研究对象抗-HBs水平均随年龄增长均呈下降趋势,组间抗-HBs的GMT的差异随年龄增大而缩小。logistic回归分析显示,控制了"是否单独核心抗体阳性"和"乙肝疫苗接种史"2个变量后,"接种疫苗种类和剂量"、"年龄"、"是否吸烟"均与抗-HBs有统计学关联。结论 "0-1-2"快速免疫方案中采用20 μg剂量仍能在中高年龄组人群中获得80%以上的阳转率,可作为"0-1-6"乙肝疫苗常规免疫程序的补充。     

基于国家药品抽检的全国益心酮片质量情况分析与研究

目的:通过国家药品抽检工作,了解益心酮片市场整体质量现状及存在的问题,为监督管理部门提供技术支撑,以保障公众用药安全有效.方法:从全国24个省级行政区抽取益心酮片样品,按照《中华人民共和国药典》2015年版一部益心酮片薄层鉴别项与含量测定项方法开展检验工作,并进行指纹图谱、农药残留、显微鉴别、非法添加化学药品四项探索性...     

Association of Dietary Inflammatory Potential with Blood Inflammation: The Prospective Markers on Mild Cognitive Impairment

Inflammation is known as an important mechanism of cognitive dysfunction. Systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and system inflammation response index (SIRI) are two blood inflammatory markers, which are related to many chronic diseases including cognitive impairment. It is recognized that dietary inflammatory index (DII), which is used to estimate the overall inflammatory potential of diet, may be related to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as well. This study aimed to explore the relationship between SII, SIRI and DII, as well as the role of these inflammatory indexes on MCI in elderly people. A total of 1050 participants from Beijing were included. Neuropsychological tests were used for cognitive evaluation. Energy-adjusted DII scores were calculated based on semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Blood samples were tested for calculating SII and SIRI. Log-binomial regression models were used to estimate the correlation of indexes. After adjusting demographic characteristics, SII and SIRI in MCI individuals were higher than controls (p ≤ 0.001). DII, SII and SIRI had positive relationship with MoCA scores (p < 0.005). DII also correlated with SIRI in MCI (β = 0.11, p = 0.031). Higher DII and SIRI could definitely increase the risk of MCI, as well as DII and SII (p < 0.005). In conclusion, DII was positively correlated with blood inflammation. The elderly with higher level of DII and SIRI, or DII and SII could be considered as people with higher risk of developing MCI.     

阿魏酸钠对肺纤维化大鼠肺组织Smad4的影响及意义

目的观察阿魏酸钠对肺纤维化大鼠肺组织Smad4 mRNA表达的影响,探讨其治疗肺纤维化的作用及机制。方法将30只SD大鼠随机分为对照组、肺纤维化组和阿魏酸钠治疗组,每组10只。肺纤维化组和阿魏酸钠治疗组以气管内滴入博来霉素(5mg/kg)建立肺纤维化动物模型,治疗组采用阿魏酸钠(150mg/kg体重)灌胃治疗。苏木精-伊红染色检测肺组织病理改变;免疫组化检测Ⅰ型胶原纤维;原位杂交检测Smad4 mRNA的表达。结果与对照组比较,肺纤维化组Ⅰ型胶原纤维(0.97±0.34比0.27±0.08,P<0.001)和Smad4 mRNA(0.17±0.10对0.07±0.03,P<0.01)的表达均显著增高。阿魏酸钠治疗组与肺纤维化组比较,Ⅰ型胶原纤维(0.39±0.25比0.97±0.34,P<0.001)和Smad4mRNA(0.11±0.03对0.17±0.10,P<0.05)的表达均显著降低。结论阿魏酸钠可能通过抑制大鼠肺组织Smad4 mRNA的表达,从而具有抗肺纤维化的作用。     

心肌淀粉样变性患者的临床特征及预后分析

目的:分析心肌淀粉样变性患者的临床特征并分析影响患者生存率的因素.方法:针对重庆市部分医院经病理检查确诊的34例心肌淀粉样变性患者进行临床特征统计分析.应用多因素Logistic回归分析寻找可能影响患者生存的因素.结果:34例确诊患者中,从出现症状到明确诊断的时间为(15.2±2.9)个月(1～72个月).初诊时,有1...     

广州市天河区大气污染与居民外周血P53蛋白关系研究

应用ＬＳＡＢ（链菌素－生物素标记法）检测了３组不同人群外周血中Ｐ５３蛋白表达的水平．结果表明，肿瘤病人组淋巴细胞ｐ５３蛋白表达水平最高，污染区居民组居中，正常对照组最低．经方差分析，３组差别有显著性意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）．     

红外分光光度法与焦磷酸重量法测定粉尘中游离二氧化硅的比较

本文对矿山粉尘和铸造粉尘的游离二氧化硅含量进行了红外分光光度法和焦磷酸重量法的对比测定。结果表明,红外法与重量法的结果之间有很好的相关性,其测定值在统计学上无显著性差异。两法测定值的相关回归方程:(?)=1.0001×-2.0610,r=0.947997。红外法的测定不受灰化的影响,对滤膜采集的粉尘中游离二氧化硅的含量测定是一简便、快速的方法,可较好地排除粉尘中难溶或不溶物质和无定形二氧化硅等因素的干扰,克服了重量法的不足。     

Cost-effectiveness of empagliflozin as a treatment for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: an analysis from the Chinese healthcare perspective

BackgroundThe effect of empagliflozin on the cardiovascular outcome is consistent in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) patients regardless of the presence or absence of diabetes. More evidence is needed regarding the cost-effectiveness of empagliflozin in HFrEF patients. This study sought to evaluate the economic outcomes of adding empagliflozin to the standard treatment for HFrEF patients from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system, and thus to provide information for decision makers.MethodsBased on the EMPEROR-Reduced clinical trial and other published literature data, the direct medical costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) of patients with HFrEF over a 15-year study period were simulated by a Markov model, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was calculated. The price of empagliflozin referred to the data released by Menet, the hospitalization expenses and utility values were derived from published studies in China. A one-way sensitivity analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were conducted to evaluate the robustness of the model.ResultsThe results of the cost-effectiveness analysis showed that the cost of the combination arm was $5,220.98, with a utility of 4.86 QALYs, and the cost of the standard arm was $4,873.96, with a utility of 4.68 QALYs, which equated to an ICER of $1,893.59 per QALY gained. The subgroup analysis showed that patients with HFrEF and diabetes in empagliflozin group had a higher QALY (4.62 vs. 4.35) and a lower cost ($5,213.28 vs. $5,958.60) than standard group. The corresponding ICER for non-diabetic patients was $2,568.15 per QALY. Deterministic sensitivity analysis showed robust results. At the willingness-to-pay threshold of 3 times gross domestic product (GDP) per capita ($31,510.57), almost all of the scattered points in three scenarios were below the threshold line.ConclusionsAt a willingness-to-pay threshold of $31,510.57, adding empagliflozin to standard treatment is a very cost-effective option for HFrEF patients with or without diabetes in China.