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991.
A microtiter plate ELISA with semipurified human nerve sonicate antigen(s) (NA) was used to screen the sera of leprosy patients. High titers of IgG and low titers of IgM classes of antineural antibodies directed to peripheral nerve antigens were detected in LL, BL, BB, BT, and TT categories of leprosy. In the Western blot, leprosy sera recognized 50- to 55-, 85- and 108-kDa molecular weight protein bands of NA. The identity of these protein bands immunoreactive with leprosy sera was checked with a panel of commercially available antibodies to known neural proteins. The 50- to 55-kDa band reacted with anti-S100 and anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein antibodies while 85 and 108 kDa could not be identified. Whole immunoglobulins isolated from leprosy sera with high titers of antineural antibodies induced cytotoxicity of the cultured glial cell line in the presence of complement. 相似文献
992.
993.
AIM: To determine the prevalence of Chlamydia pneumoniae DNA in infrequently examined blood vessels. METHODS: Vessels obtained from 15 men and six women at coronary artery bypass surgery were tested by a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for C pneumoniae DNA. RESULTS: Chlamydia pneumoniae DNA was detected in four of six atheromatous ascending aorta specimens but in none of eight non-atheromatous aorta specimens, in six of 11 atheromatous internal mammary artery specimens but in none of seven non-atheromatous internal mammary artery specimens, in five of seven long saphenous vein specimens showing evidence of disease but in none of 12 specimens without evidence of disease, and in two of three previously grafted veins. Overall, C pneumoniae occurred significantly more often in diseased than in normal vessels (p = < 0.00001). CONCLUSIONS: Chlamydia pneumoniae is often present in diseased areas of arteries, including the internal mammary arteries, and even in diseased areas of veins. It is not present in apparently healthy areas of either type of vessel. 相似文献
994.
The C-X-C chemokine SDF-1 and its receptor CXCR4, mediate a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of HIV-1 infection and vascular inflammatory diseases. In this study, we investigated the pharmacological properties of SDF-1alpha interaction with CXCR4 in human leukemia cell lines. Our data, based on [125I]-SDF-1alpha radioligand binding, SDF-1alpha-induced [35S]-GTPgammaS binding and use of specific CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 reveals the complex nature of SDF-1alpha-CXCR4 interaction. Firstly, homologous competition with cold SDF-1alpha revealed a bimodal ligand displacement curve and secondly, although AMD3100 inhibited both SDF-1alpha-mediated chemotaxis (IC(50)=4.7 nM) and [35S]-GTPgammaS binding (IC(50)=7.4 nM) with high affinity, it was intriguingly up to 3000-fold less potent (IC(50)=15.2 microM) in the radioligand binding assay. These results provide pharmacological evidence for the recently described two-site model for SDF-1alpha-CXCR4 interaction. Accordingly, inhibition of SDF-1alpha binding to one of the receptor sites is sufficient to antagonize function, without causing its complete displacement from the receptor. Furthermore, these findings have important implications in the development and evaluation of CXCR4-selective small molecule antagonists for therapeutic use. 相似文献
995.
D S Rosenblatt I T Thomas D Watkins B A Cooper R W Erbe 《American journal of medical genetics》1987,26(2):377-383
A male infant with methyl-B12 deficiency (cblE) presented at age 6 weeks with lethargy, staring spells, and vomiting. He later became hypotonic and unresponsive to stimuli and required intubation and ventilation. He had homocystinuria and hypomethioninemia with megaloblastic anemia but normal serum folate and vitamin B12 concentrations. No methylmalonic aciduria was detected. Fibroblasts, cultured from the patient, were unable to grow in medium in which homocysteine replaced methionine and incorporated abnormally small amounts of [14C]-methyl-tetrahydrofolate but normal amounts of [14C]-propionate into protein. Methyl-B12 content of fibroblasts was low, while the adenosyl-B12 content was normal. Methionine synthase activity was decreased when the assay was performed under both optimal and suboptimal reducing conditions, suggesting heterogeneity in the cblE disease. The patient responded dramatically to hydroxocobalamin treatment. Homocystinuria disappeared after 10 days of therapy, and methionine was normalized after 3 weeks. Psychometric testing at age 15 months showed a developmental age of 9 months. 相似文献
996.
Azaiez H Chamberlin GP Fischer SM Welp CL Prasad SD Taggart RT del Castillo I Van Camp G Smith RJ 《Human mutation》2004,24(4):305-311
Genetic testing was completed on 1,294 persons with deafness referred to the Molecular Otolaryngology Research Laboratories to establish a diagnosis of DFNB1. Exon 2 of GJB2 was screened for coding sequence allele variants by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) complemented by bidirectional sequencing. If two deafness-causing mutations of GJB2 (encoding Connexin 26) were identified, further screening was not performed. If only a single deafness-causing mutation was identified, we screened for the g.1777179_2085947del (hereafter called del(GJB6-D13S1830); GenBank NT_024524.13) and mutations in the noncoding region of GJB2. Phenotype-genotype correlations were evaluated by categorizing mutations as either protein truncating or nontruncating. A total of 205 persons carried two GJB2 exon 2 mutations and were diagnosed as having DFNB1; 100 persons carried only a single deafness-causing allele variant of exon 2. A total of 37 of these persons were c.35delG carriers, and 51 carried other allele variants of GJB2. Persons diagnosed with DFNB1 segregating two truncating/nonsense mutations had a more severe phenotype than persons carrying two missense mutations, with mean hearing impairments being 88 and 37%, respectively (P < 0.05). The number of deaf c.35delG carriers was greater than expected when compared to the c.35delG carrier frequency in normal-hearing controls (P < 0.05), suggesting the existence of at least one other mutation outside the GJB2 coding region that does not complement GJB2 deafness-causing allele variants. 相似文献
997.
Cation channels,cell volume and the death of an erythrocyte 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Lang F Lang KS Wieder T Myssina S Birka C Lang PA Kaiser S Kempe D Duranton C Huber SM 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》2003,447(2):121-125
Similar to a variety of nucleated cells, human erythrocytes activate a non-selective cation channel upon osmotic cell shrinkage. Further stimuli of channel activation include oxidative stress, energy depletion and extracellular removal of Cl–. The channel is permeable to Ca2+ and opening of the channel increases cytosolic [Ca2+]. Intriguing evidence points to a role of this channel in the elimination of erythrocytes by apoptosis. Ca2+ entering through the cation channel stimulates a scramblase, leading to breakdown of cell membrane phosphatidylserine asymmetry, and stimulates Ca2+-sensitive K+ channels, thus leading to KCl loss and (further) cell shrinkage. The breakdown of phosphatidylserine asymmetry is evidenced by annexin binding, a typical feature of apoptotic cells. The effects of osmotic shock, oxidative stress and energy depletion on annexin binding are mimicked by the Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin (1 µM) and blunted in the nominal absence of extracellular Ca2+. Nevertheless, the residual annexin binding points to additional mechanisms involved in the triggering of the scramblase. The exposure of phosphatidylserine at the extracellular face of the cell membrane stimulates phagocytes to engulf the apoptotic erythrocytes. Thus, sustained activation of the cation channels eventually leads to clearance of affected erythrocytes from peripheral blood. Susceptibility to annexin binding is enhanced in several genetic disorders affecting erythrocyte function, such as thalassaemia, sickle-cell disease and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. The enhanced vulnerability presumably contributes to the shortened life span of the affected erythrocytes. Beyond their role in the limitation of erythrocyte survival, cation channels may contribute to the triggering of apoptosis in nucleated cells exposed to osmotic shock and/or oxidative stress. 相似文献
998.
Sensation Seeking and Cortical Augmenting-Reducing 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The experiment was designed to establish the relationship between the Sensation Seeking Scales (SSS) and cortical augmenting-reducing. Forty-nine male undergraduate Ss were used. Ss were presented with five intensities of light flashes in randomly presented blocks of trials at each intensity. Averaged evoked response (AER) amplitudes were measured at each intensity of light. Augmenting-reducing was measured for each S as the slope of the relationship between stimulus intensity and amplitude of response. This slope measure correlated very significantly (r= .59) with the Disinhibition subscale of the SSS and positively, but not significantly, with other subscales. Comparing the low and high scorers on the Disinhibition scale, a significant interaction between groups and stimulus intensities was found but no main effects of stimulus intensity or groups were found. The high Disinhibitors did not differ from the lows at the low stimulus intensities but did differ significantly at the highest intensity where the lows showed a marked reducing tendency. The results show an interesting convergence between the Disinhibition type of sensation seeking, manic tendencies, and the AER. 相似文献
999.
We report here on the results of a pilot study comparing our clinical diagnostic virology laboratory's current methods of respiratory pathogen detection against the Genaco Respiratory Infections Panels 1 and 2. These assays employ xMap (Luminex) liquid phase bead conjugated array technology to facilitate automated detection of PCR and RT-PCR products, which provides potential for levels of assay multiplexing above those currently practical with either conventional gel-resolved or real-time methods. In the study presented here we used the Genaco panels to simultaneously screen previously analyzed clinical specimens (nasopharyngeal washings) for twenty-one important pathogens. Our results indicate the Genaco panels met or exceeded our current methods' sensitivity and specificity although allowing for detection of a wider range of infectious agents than practical by current diagnostic laboratory practices. In addition, the Genaco panels provided data on the presence of multiple respiratory pathogens in single specimens, which would otherwise be missed in most instances. To our knowledge, this study represents the first trial of these panels on standard clinical specimens in a routine diagnostic setting. 相似文献
1000.
Erwin EA Custis NJ Satinover SM Perzanowski MS Woodfolk JA Crane J Wickens K Platts-Mills TA 《The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology》2005,115(5):1029-1035
BACKGROUND: Commercially available assays for IgE antibody provide results in international units per milliliter for many allergen extracts, but this is not easily achieved with purified or novel allergens. OBJECTIVE: To develop assays for IgE antibody suitable for purified or novel allergens by using a commercially available immunosorbent. METHODS: Streptavidin coupled to a high-capacity immunosorbent (CAP) was used to bind biotinylated purified allergens from mite (Der p 1 and Der p 2), cat (Fel d 1), and dog (Can f 1). Assays for IgE antibody to these allergens were performed on sera from children (asthma and control) as well as adults with atopic dermatitis. RESULTS: The results were validated by serial dilution of sera with high and low levels of IgE antibody and were quantitated in international units per milliliter by using a standard curve. Values for IgE antibody to Der p 1, Der p 2, and Fel d 1 correlated with values obtained with the allergen extracts (r2 = 0.80, 0.84, and 0.95, respectively; P < .001 in each case). Furthermore, the values for IgE antibody in sera from children with high exposure to mite and cat allergens demonstrated 10-fold higher levels of IgE antibody to Der p 1 and Der p 2 than to Fel d 1 (P < .001). CONCLUSION: The streptavidin immunosorbent technique provides a new method for quantifying IgE antibody to purified proteins. The results provide evidence about the high quantities of IgE antibody to purified inhalant allergens in patients with atopic dermatitis. In addition, the results demonstrate major differences in IgE antibodies specific for mite and cat allergens among children with high exposure to both allergens. 相似文献