仁术健胃颗粒逆转胃癌前期病变的临床研究

目的观察仁术健胃颗粒对胃癌前病变的逆转作用。方法将１２０例符合诊断标准的胃癌前期病变患者,随机分为仁术健胃颗粒治疗组８０例和胃复春对照组４０例进行临床疗效观察。结果①综合疗效：治疗组总有效率为９１．２５％,对照组为７５．００％,经统计学处理,差异有显著性（Ｐ〈０．０５）;②治疗组胃镜及对萎缩、肠化、异型增生的疗效分别为７１．２５％、７７．５０％、７９．４９％、８８．４６％,对照组为５２．５０％、６     

NADPH氧化酶家族在心血管疾病中作用的研究进展

烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸氧化酶是心血管系统中活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)的主要来源,它包 括7种亚型并分别表达在不同的心血管细胞及其细胞器中,参与调节细胞增殖、迁移、分化、凋亡、衰老和炎症反应 等多种活动,其衍生的ROS参与高血压、动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病血管病变、心肌梗死后心室重构等多种心血管疾病 的病理过程。     

肝硬化患者肾脏血液动力学的研究

目的 研究肝硬化患者肾脏血液动力学的改变。方法 应用多普勒超声测定４２例肝硬化患者肾脏血液动力学指标。并分析这些指标与肝功能及平均动脉压之间的关系。结果 不同阶段的肝硬化患者肾内血管收缩程度有明显的差异。结论 肝硬化早期即有肾血管的收缩,肝功越差肾血管收缩越明显。肾血管的收缩是全身血液动力学改变的一部分。     

重组人肝细胞生长因子基因的克隆

用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ技术从人胎盘组织内成功地扩增全长肝细胞生长因子（ＨＧＦ）ｃＤＮＡ基因（２ １８４ｂｐ）,并将其克隆至ｐＧＥＭ－Ｔ载体,经限制性核酸内切酶ＮｄｅⅠ,ＢｇｌⅡ,ＨｉｎｄⅢ,ＢａｍＨⅠ和ＸｈｏⅠ的酶谱分析和ＤＮＡ测序分析证实。再将其亚克隆至逆病毒载体ｐＬＮＬ－ＸＨＣ,可进一步用于基因表达和基因治疗的研究。     

老年病人麻醉期间氧供需平衡的研究

目的:研究老年病人麻醉期间氧代谢变化,并分析其原因,提出保护老年病人麻醉期间氧供需平衡的方法.方法:选择上腹部手术老年病人(年龄＞65岁)30例,按数字随机法分为全麻组(n＝15)和硬膜外麻醉组(n＝15),并随机选择青壮年上腹部手术病人10例,作全麻对照组.监测麻醉期间老年病人氧供(DO2)、氧耗(VO2)、氧摄取率(ERO2)、混合静脉血氧饱和度(SVO2)和动脉血乳酸含量(ABL)等指标动态变化的情况.结果:老年病人全麻组与硬膜外麻醉组比较:前者麻醉诱导后至术毕DO2、VO2、ERO2均小于后者,并且SVO2、ABL均大于后者,它们之间均有显著性差异或非常显著的统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).而老年全麻组与青壮年全麻对照组比较:前者DO2、VO2、ERO2小于后者,SVO2、ABL大于后者,而且它们之间也有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论:上腹部手术老年病人全麻期间存在氧供需平衡障碍,出现明显的组织缺氧.根本的原因可能是老年病人微循环障碍的存在,而硬膜外麻醉有改善老年病人微循环障碍,纠正氧供需平衡失调的作用.     

梨状肌综合征误诊为慢性肢体缺血性疾病22例临床分析

目的 鉴别非典型梨状肌综合征与肢体缺血性疾病,提高诊断和治愈率。方法 对１９８５￣１９９８年收治的非典型梨状肌综合征误诊为肢体缺血病人２２例进行临床分析,寻求鉴别要点。结果 ２２例中具有典型梨状肌综合征症状和体征仅６例（２７％）,非典型１６例（７３％）,人武部病例均有含糊不清的臀腿痛,Ｄｏｐｐｌｅｒ和阻抗血流检查有１８例（８２％）显示肢体供血不全。其中２例（９％）严重坐骨神经痛继发为血管器质     

Presynaptic inhibition of synaptic transmission in the rat hippocampus by activation of muscarinic receptors: involvement of presynaptic calcium influx

1. Modulation of presynaptic voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs) by muscarinic receptors at the CA3–CA1 synapse of rat hippocampal slices was investigated by using the calcium indicator fura-2. Stimulation-evoked presynaptic calcium transients ([Ca_pre]_t) and field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fe.p.s.ps) were simultaneously recorded. The relationship between presynaptic calcium influx and synaptic transmission was studied.
2. Activation of muscarinic receptors inhibited [Ca_pre]_t, thereby reducing synaptic transmission. Carbachol (CCh, 10 μM) inhibited [Ca_pre]_t by 35% and reduced fe.p.s.p. by 85%. The inhibition was completely antagonized by 1 μM atropine. An approximate 4^th power relationship was found between presynaptic calcium influx and postsynaptic responses.
3. Application of the N-type VDCC-blocking peptide toxin ω-conotoxin GVIA (ω-CTx GVIA, 1 μM) inhibited [Ca_pre]_t and fe.p.s.ps by 21% and 49%, respectively, while the P/Q-type VDCC blocker ω-agatoxin IVA (ω-Aga IVA, 1 μM) reduced [Ca_pre]_t and fe.p.s.ps by 35% and 85%, respectively.
4. Muscarinic receptor activation differentially inhibited distinct presynaptic VDCCs. ω-CTx GVIA-sensitive calcium channels were inhibited by muscarinic receptors, while ω-Aga IVA-sensitive channels were not. The percentage inhibition of ω-CTx GVIA-sensitive [Ca_pre]_t was about 63%.
5. Muscarinic receptors inhibited presynaptic VDCCs in a way similar to adenosine (Ad) receptors. The percentage inhibition of ω-CTx GVIA-sensitive [Ca_pre]_t by Ad (100 μM) was about 59%. There was no significant inhibition of ω-Aga IVA-sensitive channels by Ad. The inhibitions of [Ca_pre]_t by CCh and Ad were mutually occlusive.
6. These results indicate that inhibition of synaptic transmission by muscarinic receptors is mainly the consequence of a reduction of the [Ca_pre]_t due to inhibition of presynaptic VDCCs.

     

美尼尔与美尼尔病

美尼尔生活在法国大革命之后医学繁荣时代。他长期从事耳科学实践活动,发现了传统上认为是卒中型脑充血的内耳疾病。尽管这种以他名字命名的疾病─美尼尔病被后世误解,但是,他的发现终于被科学发展所证实。现今人们正在为深入研究美尼尔病作不懈的努力,以期彻底将之征服。     

Laparoscopic bipolar strip-tease appendicectomy

Since its conception, several techniques have been described for laparoscopic appendicectomy. We describe a technique which utilizes a 5-mm bipolar forceps designed to coagulate and cut tissues at the same time; 50 pediatric patients underwent laparoscopic appendicectomy for acute appendicitis using this stripping and teasing technique. No bleeding complications occurred. There were only two postoperative abscesses in the series. We believe that the bipolar laparoscopic striptease appendicectomy technique as developed by the senior author is safe, quick, and effective, even for severe appendicitis.