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991.
Daniel Y.C. Heng J. Connor Wells Brian I. Rini Benoit Beuselinck Jae-Lyun Lee Jennifer J. Knox Georg A. Bjarnason Sumanta Kumar Pal Christian K. Kollmannsberger Takeshi Yuasa Sandy Srinivas Frede Donskov Aristotelis Bamias Lori A. Wood D. Scott Ernst Neeraj Agarwal Ulka N. Vaishampayan Sun Young Rha Jenny J. Kim Toni K. Choueiri 《European urology》2014
Background
The benefit of cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) for overall survival (OS) is unclear in patients with synchronous metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) in the era of targeted therapy.Objective
To determine OS benefit of CN compared with no CN in mRCC patients treated with targeted therapies.Design, setting, and participants
Retrospective data from patients with synchronous mRCC (n = 1658) from the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) were used to compare 982 mRCC patients who had a CN with 676 mRCC patients who did not.Outcome measurements and statistical analysis
OS was compared and hazard ratios (HRs) adjusted for IMDC poor prognostic criteria.Results and limitations
Patients who had CN had better IMDC prognostic profiles versus those without (favorable, intermediate, or poor in 9%, 63%, and 28% vs 1%, 45%, and 54%, respectively). The median OS of patients with CN versus without CN was 20.6 versus 9.5 mo (p < 0.0001). When adjusted for IMDC criteria to correct for imbalances, the HR of death was 0.60 (95% confidence interval, 0.52–0.69; p < 0.0001). Patients estimated to survive <12 mo may receive marginal benefit from CN. Patients who have four or more of the IMDC prognostic criteria did not benefit from CN. Data were collected retrospectively.Conclusions
CN is beneficial in synchronous mRCC patients treated with targeted therapy, even after adjusting for prognostic factors. Patients with estimated survival times <12 mo or four or more IMDC prognostic factors may not benefit from CN. This information may aid in patient selection as we await results from randomized controlled trials.Patient summary
We looked at the survival outcomes of metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients who did or did not have the primary tumor removed. We found that most patients benefited from tumor removal, except for those with four or more IMDC risk factors. 相似文献992.
Katsutaka Yamada Yoichi Aota Takayuki Higashi Ko Ishida Takanori Nimura Tomoyuki Konno Tomoyuki Saito 《European spine journal》2014,23(3):504-507
Purpose
Lumbar intra-spinal canal stenosis is characterized by leg pain that intensifies during walking and intermittent claudication, while leg pain at rest is a characteristic neurological symptom of lumbar disc herniation. Until now, a correlation between leg pain at rest and symptomatic foraminal stenosis has not been reported. This is a prospective and comparative study of unilateral leg pain from L5 nerve root compression due to spinal canal stenosis to determine clinical characteristics of lumbar foraminal stenosis.Methods
Clinical and neurological findings were compared among 38 patients receiving L5–S1 transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for L5–S1 foraminal stenosis (FS group) and 60 patients receiving L4–5 decompression or/and fusion for L4–5 intra-spinal canal stenosis (CS group).Results
The only significant difference between the FS and CS groups in demographic clinical data was leg pain at rest. The prevalence of leg pain was significantly higher in the FS group compared to the CS group (76 vs. 35 %). The visual analogue scale for leg pain at rest was also significantly higher in the FS group than in the CS group (6.6 ± 3.1 vs. 1.3 ± 1.9).Conclusions
Leg pain at rest is characteristic of L5–S1 foraminal stenosis. 相似文献993.
Masaki Nakamura Makoto Iwahashi Mikihito Nakamori Toshiyasu Ojima Masahiro Katsuda Takeshi Iida Keiji Hayata Tomoya Kato Hiroki Yamaue 《Surgery today》2014,44(5):875-883
Purpose
Recent studies have shown that the modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS), which is an inflammation-based prognostic score, is useful as a prognostic index for some cancer cases. The purpose of this study was to create a prognostic scoring system for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) that was more independent and sensitive than the mGPS.Methods
One hundred sixty-eight patients who had undergone esophagectomy for ESCC were included in the study. The new mGPS (NmGPS) was calculated based on the following cutoff values: CRP >0.75 mg/dL indicated NmGPS 1 or 2, depending on the absence or presence of hypoalbuminemia (<3.5 g/dL); and CRP ≤0.75 mg/dL indicated NmGPS 0. We also performed an analysis based on cutoff values of 0.5 and 0.25 mg/dL for CRP.Results
Only the NmGPS with a cutoff CRP value of 0.5 mg/dL was able to divide into three independent patient groups in the survival curves. In the multivariate analyses, a NmGPS (CRP cutoff; 0.5 mg/dL) of 2 was a more significant independent prognostic factor (HR 4.437, 95 % CI 2.000–9.844, p = 0.0002) than a mGPS of 2 (HR 2.726, 95 % CI 1.021–7.112, p = 0.0449).Conclusions
The new prognostic score NmGPS (CRP cutoff; 0.5 mg/dL) was more independent and sensitive than the mGPS for patients with ESCC. 相似文献994.
Takashi Kanou Jiro Okami Toshiteru Tokunaga Ayako Fujiwara Daisuke Ishida Hidenori Kuno Masahiko Higashiyama 《Surgery today》2014,44(7):1321-1327
Purpose
Several reports have described extended survival after aggressive surgical treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and synchronous brain metastasis. This retrospective analysis assesses the prognostic factors in this population.Methods
We reviewed retrospectively the medical records of 29 patients with synchronous brain metastasis from NSCLC, who underwent surgical treatment in our institution between 1980 and 2008. All patients underwent chest surgery to remove the primary lesion. The impact of several variables on survival was assessed.Results
The median follow-up period was 9.6 months and the 5-year survival rate from the time of lung cancer resection was 20.6 %. Univariate analysis demonstrated that the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, primary tumor size, and the presence of lymph node involvement were predictive of overall survival (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis also identified those factors to be independent favorable prognostic factors.Conclusions
Although the survival of patients with brain metastasis from non-small cell lung cancer remains poor, surgical resection may benefit a select group of patients, particularly those with a normal CEA level, small tumor size, and node-negative status. 相似文献995.
Yoshinari Ogawa Katsumi Ikeda Kana Ogisawa Shinya Tokunaga Hiroko Fukushima Takeshi Inoue Yoshihiro Mori Akiko Tachimori Toru Inoue Yukio Nishiguchi 《Surgery today》2014,44(9):1633-1637
Purpose
Various techniques are used for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in breast cancer. While subareolar injection with dye alone is a relatively easy method, few studies have reported the outcome with a follow-up period. This study presents our results of SLNB using dye alone.Methods
Between November 2002 and December 2010, 701 patients with breast cancer underwent SLNB using subareolar injection of indocyanine green or indigo carmine. Sentinel lymph node (SLN)-negative patients were followed without axillary lymph node dissection (ALND).Results
SLNs were detected in 654 of 701 patients (93.3 %), and the rate increased to 98.1 % over the course of the study. The mean number of SLNs removed was 1.5. There was no significant difference in the detection rate between two dyes. No adverse events resulted from the injection of dyes. Of the 654 patients, 136 (20.8 %) had SLN metastasis. Five hundred patients were followed without ALND. Thirty-six patients experienced disease relapse during a median follow-up of 60 months. Thirteen patients (2.6 %) had regional lymph node relapse, and eight of them could undergo salvage lymph node dissection. The 5-year disease-free and overall survival rates were 92.4 and 96.1 %, respectively.Conclusion
SLNB using subareolar injection with dye alone was safe and feasible even after a long follow-up. 相似文献996.
Daisuke Suzuki Hiroshi Ono Kazuhiko Furuta Takeshi Katayama Manabu Akahane Shohei Omokawa Yasuhito Tanaka 《Journal of orthopaedic science》2014,19(3):465-470
Purpose
To investigate radiographic criteria for scapholunate instability (SLI) in the setting of distal radius fracture (DRF) confirmed by arthroscopy.Methods
Eighty-eight wrists with DRF treated by open reduction and internal fixation and assessed for SLI arthroscopically were evaluated. The scapholunate distance (SLD) was measured by preoperative posteroanterior wrist radiography and computed tomography (CT). SLD on radiographs was measured as the distance between the scaphoid cortex and the lunate cortex at the center of the scapholunate joint. SLDs were measured at the volar end (A1), center (A2), and dorsal end (A3) of the scapholunate joint on the central CT axial slice; and at the proximal end (C1), center (C2), and distal end (C3) of the scapholunate joint on the central CT coronal slice. Wrists were divided into three groups by arthroscopic assessments: stable (normal, Geissler grade 1 or 2), G3 (Geissler grade 3), and G4 (Geissler grade 4). SLD measurements on radiographs and CTs (A1–C3) were compared among the three groups. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to evaluate the abilities of SLD measurements on radiographs and CTs to identify SLI in wrists with DRF. Interobserver and intraobserver reliabilities of SLD measurements on radiographs and CTs were analyzed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).Results
SLDs of C3 differed significantly among the G3 and G4 groups, and among the stable and G4 groups. The area under the curve on ROC curve analysis was 0.855 for the SLD of C3, which was larger than that for SLD on radiographs. For C3, the intraobserver ICC was 0.832 and interobserver ICC was 0.73.Conclusions
SLD at the distal end of the scapholunate joint on the central coronal CT slice was the most appropriate measurement for discrimination of Geissler grade 4 SLI in wrists with DRF.Level of evidence
Level 2 相似文献997.
Liquid diet induces memory impairment accompanied by a decreased number of hippocampal neurons in mice
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Hidemasa Okihara Jin‐ichi Ito Satoshi Kokai Takayoshi Ishida Maya Hiranuma Chiho Kato Tadachika Yabushita Kazuto Ishida Takashi Ono Makoto Michikawa 《Journal of neuroscience research》2014,92(8):1010-1017
It is suggested that masticatory dysfunction affects the central nervous system; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor, TrkB, are known to play important roles in memory and learning. In this study, we examined the effects of mastication on memory, the expression levels of BDNF and TrkB, and the number of neurons in the hippocampus of mice. Male C57 BL/6J mice (3 weeks old) were randomly divided into the control group (N = 7) fed chow pellets and the experimental group (N = 7) fed a liquid diet, which reduces mastication during eating. At 14 weeks of age, we performed a passive avoidance test and found that memory and learning ability were impaired in the experimental group compared with the control group. After the behavioral experiment, brains were harvested and analyzed morphologically and biochemically. In the hippocampus of the experimental group, the expression levels of BDNF were significantly higher, whereas those of TrkB were lower than those of the control group. In the cerebral cortex, these levels remained unchanged between the two groups. The ratio of phospho‐p44/42 ERK/pan ERK, a downstream molecule of BDNF/TrkB signaling, in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group in the cortex and hippocampus. The number of pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus was lower in the experimental group than in the control group. These findings suggest that reduced mastication induced by a liquid diet in early childhood may impair memory and learning ability, accompanied by neuronal loss in the hippocampus. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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