Inverted U-Shaped Associations between Glycemic Indices and Serum Uric Acid Levels in the General Chinese Population: Findings from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) Study

Objective The relationship between serum uric acid(SUA)levels and glycemic indices,including plasma glucose(FPG),2-hour postload glucose(2 h-PG),and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1 c),remains inconclusive.We aimed to explore the associations between glycemic indices and SUA levels in the general Chinese population.Methods The current study was a cross-sectional analysis using the first follow-up survey data from The China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort Study.A total of 105,922 community-dwelling adults aged≥40 years underwent the oral glucose tolerance test and uric acid assessment.The nonlinear relationships between glycemic indices and SUA levels were explored using generalized additive models.Results A total of 30,941 men and 62,361 women were eligible for the current analysis.Generalized additive models verified the inverted U-shaped association between glycemic indices and SUA levels,but with different inflection points in men and women.The thresholds for FPG,2 h-PG,and HbA1 c for men and women were 6.5/8.0 mmol/L,11.0/14.0 mmol/L,and 6.1/6.5,respectively(SUA levels increased with increasing glycemic indices before the inflection points and then eventually decreased with further increases in the glycemic indices).Conclusion An inverted U-shaped association was observed between major glycemic indices and uric acid levels in both sexes,while the inflection points were reached earlier in men than in women.     

National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for Children 0-17 Years of Age in China

The main purpose of the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for children 0-17 years of age in China (CNHSC) was to collect basic data on the nutrition, development, and health status for children in different regions across China using evidence-based, reliable, and cost-effective approaches. Children and their parents or guardians from seven regions (south, southwest, north, northwest, eastern, central, and northeast China) in China were recruited. A multi-stage stratified randomized sampling method was used. Two provinces were randomly sampled from each of the seven regions, from which one urban district and one rural country were also randomly sampled, resulting in a total of 28 survey counties/districts. Dietary surveys, health examinations, laboratory testing, and questionnaires were used to collect dietary intake, nutritional status, child development, and health status information. Nutrition, health, and lifestyle assessment of children and their parents was determined using the Knowledge Attitude Practice (KAP) survey. Greater than 100,000 children (38,000 children < 6 years of age and 66,000 children 6-17 years of age) completed the survey. The survey provided comprehensive data on child nutrition and health status for future studies and will serve as the basis for an integrated nutrition and health improvement strategies proposal for children in China.     

Identification of Boseongicola sediminum sp. nov., a Novel Decabromodiphenyl Ether (BDE-209)-tolerant Strain Isolated from Coastal Sediment in Xiamen,China

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a group of aromatic organic bromine compounds, which have been used in a broad array of polymeric materials (plastics, foams, resins, and adhesives) as brominated flame retardants. They are used in commercial and household products, including textiles, electronic equipment, airplanes, and automobiles, especially in China and the USA, because they are inexpensive with excellent flame-retardant effects[1]. During the past decade, over 14,000 tonnes of PBDEs have entered the market, and have become ubiquitous environmental contaminants[2].     

老年患者出院计划评估工具的研究进展

老年患者出院后再入院率高,而通过细致评估后制定出院计划是患者出院后获得高质量延续性护理的重要保证。既往已有研究者对国外出院计划评估工具的使用进行了综述,但缺乏专门针对老年患者的出院计划评估工具的相关报道。由于老年患者具有特殊性,本文主要从老年患者出院风险筛查和综合性评估的角度对国内外使用的老年患者出院计划评估工具进行综述,从而为相关医务人员选择合适的出院计划评估工具提供依据。     

复合型甘油激酶缺乏症一例临床资料及基因变异分析

复合型甘油激酶缺乏症是一种由Xp21染色体部分缺失引起的相邻基因综合征,主要表现为甘油激酶缺乏、肾上腺皮质功能低下、杜氏肌营养不良和智力发育落后,及时行基因检测可早期诊断。本文报告了1例复合型甘油激酶缺乏症新生儿患儿,其主要表现为肾上腺皮质功能减退（低钠血症和高钾血症）、高肌酸激酶血症和高甘油尿症,经家系全外显子及CNV Seq检测最终确诊。     

缺氧对内毒素耐受的THP-1细胞免疫功能的影响

目的 观察缺氧对发生内毒素耐受(endotoxin tolerance,ET)的人单核巨噬细胞(human mononuclear mac-rophages,T HP-1)免疫功能的影响并探讨其可能机制.方法 T HP-1细胞接受革兰氏阴性菌脂多糖(lipopolysaccha-ride,LPS)一次打击后分为四组.空白组:去除干预因素后继续培养,缺氧组:在空白组基础上予以氯化钴(CoCl2)处理,对照组:在空白组基础上予以LPS二次打击以形成ET,实验组:在空白组基础上给与缺氧及LPS二次打击.收集各组细胞总核糖核酸(ribonucleic acid,RNA),实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reac-tion,qPCR)检测白细胞介素1β(interleukin-1 beta,IL-1β)、白细胞介素12(interleukin-12,IL-12)、白细胞介素10(inter-leukin-10,IL-10)、转化生长因子β1(transforming growth factor-β1,TGF-β1)、CD80、CD40、胶原结构巨噬细胞受体(macrophage receptor with collagenous structure,MARCO)及缺氧诱导因子1α(hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha,HIF-1α).收集各组细胞上清液,酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测细胞因子IL-1β、IL-12、IL-10及TGF-β1表达;蛋白免疫印迹(Western blot)检测细胞因子CD80、CD40、MARCO及HIF-1α蛋白表达.结果 qPCR结果显示,与对照组相比,实验组IL-1β、IL-12、CD80及CD40转录上调(P<0.05);但IL-10、TGF-β1及MARCO的转录下调(P<0.05).ELISA结果显示,与对照组相比,实验组IL-1β及IL-12分泌增加、IL-10及TGF-β1减少(P<0.05).Western blot结果显示,与对照组相比,实验组CD80及CD40蛋白表达增加、MARCO蛋白表达减少(P<0.05).与空白组和缺氧组相比,实验组及对照组的HIF-1α基因转录及蛋白表达均增加(P<0.05);但与对照组相比,实验组HIF-1α基因转录及蛋白表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 缺氧可破坏LPS诱导的THP-1细胞ET状态,从而加重炎症反应,该现象可能未通过影响HIF-1α而实现.     

VEGF、TGF-β1、NF-κBp65在颅内海绵状血管瘤的表达及意义

目的探讨脑海绵状血管瘤（CCH）组织血管内皮细胞生长因子（VEGF）、转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）、核转录因子κBp65（NF-κBp65）的表达及意义。方法收集我院2009年6月到2011年12月CCH标本27例,脑动静脉畸形（AVM）标本9例和正常脑组织标本（颅脑损伤或癫痫术中切取的脑组织）6例,用免疫组化方法检测VEGF、TGF-β1、NF-κBp65的表达。结果CCH组织VEGF、NF-κBp65阳性表达率（分别是96．3％和70．4％）显著高于正常脑组织（分别为33．3％和0;P〈0．05）,而与脑AVM组织（分别是77．8％和44．4％）无显著差异（P〉0．05）;脑AVM组织TGF-β1表达阳性率（100％）显著高于CCH组织（33.3％,P〈0．05）和正常脑组织（16．7％,P〈0．05）。结论VEGF、TGF-β1、NF-κBp65在不同组织表达水平不一样,提示VEGF、NF-κBp65与CCH形成有关,而TGF-β1可能在其形成过程中意义不大。     

骨软骨瘤并假性动脉瘤1例

<正>患者,男,19岁。因"左大腿疼痛4个月"于2012年4月21日入我院就诊。患者于4个月前无明显诱因出现左大腿远端疼痛,休息后可稍缓解,不伴红肿、发热不适。后逐渐出现左小腿麻木,无多发性骨软骨瘤病史及家族史,无外伤史。入院后查体:左腘窝上方有一明显软组织包块,边界欠清,约鹅蛋大小,质韧,活动度差,局部皮温较高,听诊有清晰粗糙杂音。术前X线片示:左股骨下段内后侧可见一骨性突起,背关节面生长,左腘窝上骨性突起的后方见一卵圆形软组织块     

腹腔镜治疗交通性鞘膜积液的疗效观察(附25例报告)

目的:探讨腹腔镜下鞘状突高位结扎术治疗交通性鞘膜积液的效果。方法:回顾我院2010年8月~2013年12月间腹腔镜下鞘状突高位结扎术治疗交通性鞘膜积液的患儿共25例,平均年龄5岁,左侧8例,右侧17例,术中发现对侧隐性鞘状突未闭2例。结果:手术均获成功,单侧手术时间15~20min,术中无精索血管和输精管损伤,随访无复发、睾丸萎缩、切口瘢痕等。结论:腹腔镜鞘状突高位结扎术治疗交通性鞘膜积液,操作简单、创伤小、并发症少、复发率低,可同时处理对侧隐匿性未闭鞘状突。