Surgical revision of biliopancreatic diversion

Biliopancreatic diversion is a very effective method for weight reduction. In some instances it is too effective and needs to be revised.     

Comparison of immunohistochemical staining of a mitochondrial protein, lipoamide dehydrogenase, with Fab'-peroxidase conjugates prepared by maleimide or periodate

IgG-maleimide peroxidase, Fab'-maleimide peroxidase, polymer and monomer types of Fab'-periodate peroxidase were prepared from an antibody against rat lipoamide dehydrogenase, a component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex which is located in mitochondria. They were examined for immunohistochemical staining of the rat kidney. Fab'-maleimide peroxidase was the best for staining mitochondrial protein. IgG-maleimide peroxidase and the monomer type of Fab'-periodate peroxidase had the same intensity of staining. The polymer type of Fab'-periodate peroxidase could not stain the lipoamide dehydrogenase.     

Influence of bezafibrate and colestipol on LDL-cholesterol, LDL-apolipoprotein B and HDL-cholesterol in hyperlipoproteinaemia

A significant increase of LDL-apolipoprotein B by 13% and LDL-cholesterol by 19% was observed in a group of 9 patients with hyperlipoproteinaemia Type III after bezafibrate treatment. Additional administration of colestipol caused a significant decrease of both LDL-apolipoprotein B by 18% and LDL-cholesterol by 25%. In 10 patients of hyperlipoproteinaemia Type IIb a significant decrease of both LDL-apolipoprotein B by 28% and LDL-apolipoprotein B by 18% was observed after bezafibrate therapy. When bezafibrate was given together with colestipol a further decrease of both LDL-cholesterol by 17% and LDL-apolipoprotein B by 16% occurred. HDL-cholesterol concentration increased significantly in both groups of hyperlipaemic patients during therapy. This may be the effect of both bezafibrate and colestipol. It is concluded that bile acid resins may effectively prevent the LDL-cholesterol concentration increase observed sometimes after clofibrate analogues.     

Biochemical effects of two promoters of hepatocarcinogenesis in rats

The effects of two promoters of hepatocarcinogenesis--phenobarbital and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)--on five hepatic biochemical parameters were examined in adult female rats. Phenobarbital given orally in two doses each of 110 mg/kg 21 and 4 hr before the rats were killed caused large increases in hepatic ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and cytochrome P-450 content. Extending the number of phenobarbital treatments to five increased the hepatic enzyme induction and also caused a minor decrease in hepatic glutathione and a small increase in serum alanine aminotransferase activity. Two oral doses of 700 mg BHT/kg (20% of the LD50) caused hepatic DNA damage and induction of both ODC activity and cytochrome P-450 content. When the dose of BHT was reduced from 700 to 140 mg/kg no significant effects on the biochemical parameters were found. Both promoters of hepatocarcinogenesis were identified by their induction of ODC, a marker for promotional potential, but only BHT showed a potential for carcinogenic initiation. The biochemical parameters examined, particularly the alkaline elution technique for DNA damage, ornithine decarboxylase activity and serum alanine aminotransferase, may constitute a useful assay system for examining a compound's potential for carcinogenic initiation, carcinogenic promotion and cellular toxicity.