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21.
Atherosclerosis is the predominant underlying pathology responsible for coronary heart disease (CHD). It bears all the hallmarks of a chronic inflammatory disease and typical atherosclerotic lesions contain activated macrophages and T-cells. There have been several reports of possible associations between prior exposure to a number of specific micro-organisms and subsequent CHD, and prospective epidemiological studies have reported that elevated plasma levels of particular acute phase reactants (APRs) are predictors of future cardiac events. Investigators have also shown that immunisations exacerbate atherosclerosis in experimental animal models. These data raise the possibility that immunostimulation associated with natural infection by certain organisms, or vaccination, may promote atherosclerosis. A hypothesis which may explain all these findings, is that the cellular--and perhaps humoral--responses associated with immune stimulation may enhance atherogenesis. 相似文献
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Deletions in the ligand for CD40 in X-linked immunoglobulin deficiency with normal or elevated IgM (HIGMX-1) 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Ramesh Narayanaswamy; Fuleihan Ramsay; Ramesh Vijaya; Lederman Seth; Yellin Michael J.; Sharma Sunita; Chess Leonard; Rosen Fred S. 《International immunology》1993,5(7):769-773
Patients with X-linked Ig deficiency with normal or elevatedIgM (HIGMX-1) fail to switch from IgM/IgD to other Ig isotypes.Interaction between the B cell antigen CD40 and the CD40 ligandexpressed on activated T cells is critical for T cell drivenisotype switching. We have reported that T lymphocytes fromthree unrelated male patients with HIGMX-1 failed to expressCD40 ligand on their surface, but the mRNA for CD40 ligand wasof an apparently normal size and level. Analysis of CD40 ligandcDNA from two of the patients revealed deletions that alterthe reading frame. Patient 1 displayed two mutations: a C Atransversion at nucleotide 590 and the deletion of an adjacentC nucleotide. The second patient had a 58 bp deletion from nucleotides289–346. Furthermore, neither patient expressed a proteinproduct detectable by the CD40L mAb, 5c8. 相似文献
23.
Preeti Sharma Subha Rastogi Sunita Bhatnagar Janmejya K. Srivastava Anuradha Dube Purushottam Y. Guru Dinesh K. Kulshrestha Bishan N. Mehrotra Bhola N. Dhawan 《Drug development research》2003,60(4):285-293
Tephrosia purpurea (family: Fabaceae), which is used in traditional remedies for the treatment of febrile attacks, enlargement and obstruction of liver, spleen, and kidney, was found to have significant antileishmanial activity, and has been extensively fractionated to locate the abode of activity. A fraction (F062) obtained from N‐butanol extract of T. purpurea showed consistent antileishmanial activity at 50 mg/ kg × 5 days by oral route against Leishmania donovani infection in hamsters. Activity was further confirmed in a secondary model, i.e., Indian langur monkeys (Presbytis entellus). Thus, the fraction F062 from this plant possesses potential to produce significant antileishmanial activity by oral route without producing any toxic side effects. Drug. Dev. Res. 60:285–293, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
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The fludarabine,cytarabine, and granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (FLAG) chemotherapy regimen is an alternative to anthracycline‐based therapy for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia for patients with pre‐existing cardiac disease
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Lalit Saini Joseph Brandwein Robert Turner Loree Larratt Marlene Hamilton Anthea Peters Cynthia Wu Nancy Zhu Jeffery M. Patterson Lauren Bolster Michael Mant Bruce Ritchie Elena Liew Sunita Ghosh Irwindeep Sandhu 《European journal of haematology》2016,97(5):471-478
We conducted a retrospective study assessing FLAG (fludarabine, cytarabine, and granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor) as first‐line treatment in 56 newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia patients considered ineligible for anthracycline‐based treatment due to advanced age, significant comorbidities, or pre‐existing cardiac disease. The median age was 69 (21–80); 46% received FLAG for pre‐existing cardiac disease and others due to age (32%), non‐cardiac comorbidities (20%), or previous anthracycline exposure (2%). The induction mortality was 16% and, among evaluable patients, 48% achieved a complete remission after the first induction course with an additional patient achieving a remission after a second course for a total complete remission rate of 50%. Four patients proceeded to an allogeneic stem cell transplant including two with pre‐existing cardiac disease. Among non‐transplanted patients, the relapse rate (RR) was 47%. When censored at time of stem cell transplant, the median relapse‐free survival was 14.7 months. The median overall survival was 9.3 months with 1‐ and 2‐yr survivals of 44% and 22%, respectively. There was no difference in clinical outcomes between patients treated with FLAG for cardiac reasons vs. other reasons. In conclusion, FLAG is a useful alternative to anthracycline‐based induction for Acute myeloid leukemia in those with significant comorbidities including pre‐existing cardiac disease. 相似文献
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Frontoparietal connectivity in substance-naïve youth with and without a family history of alcoholism
Reagan R. Wetherill Sunita Bava Wesley K. Thompson Veronique Boucquey Carmen Pulido Tony T. Yang Susan F. Tapert 《Brain research》2012
Frontoparietal connections underlie key executive cognitive functions. Abnormalities in the frontoparietal network have been observed in chronic alcoholics and associated with alcohol-related cognitive deficits. It remains unclear whether neurobiological differences in frontoparietal circuitry exist in substance-naïve youth who are at-risk for alcohol use disorders. This study used functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging to examine frontoparietal connectivity and underlying white matter microstructure in 20 substance-naïve youth with a family history of alcohol dependence and 20 well-matched controls without familial substance use disorders. Youth with a family history of alcohol dependence showed significantly less functional connectivity between posterior parietal and dorsolateral prefrontal seed regions (ps < .05), as compared to family history negative controls; however, they did not show differences in white matter architecture within tracts subserving frontoparietal circuitry (ps > .34). Substance-naïve youth with a family history of alcohol dependence show less frontoparietal functional connectivity in the absence of white matter microstructural abnormalities as compared to youth with no familial risk. This may suggest a potential neurobiological marker for the development of substance use disorders. 相似文献
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Pradeep Singh Chauhan Rakhshan Ihsan Ashwani Kumar Mishra Dhirendra Singh Yadav Sumita Saluja Vishakha Mittal Sunita Saxena Sujala Kapur 《Environmental and molecular mutagenesis》2012,53(8):619-630
Polymorphisms in xenobiotic metabolizing genes are associated with altered metabolism of carcinogens in acute leukemia (AL). This study applied two data mining approaches to explore potential interactions among P53 and xenobiotic metabolizing genes in 230 AL patients [131 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 99 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)] and 199 controls. Individually, none of the genotypes showed significant associations with AML risk. However, in ALL the CYP1A12A TC genotype was associated with increased risk (OR = 2.02; 95% CI = 1.14–3.58; P = 0.01), whereas the GSTM1 null genotype imparted reduced risk (OR = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.31–0.96; P = 0.03). In classification and regression tree analysis, combinations of GSTM1 present, CYP1A12C AA or GG, EPHX1 exon3 TC, and EPHX1 exon4 AA or GG genotype strongly enhanced the risk of AML (OR = 5.89; 95% CI = 1.40–26.62; P = 0.01). In ALL, combinations of CYP1A12A TT, P53 GG or CC and GSTP1 AG genotypes conferred the highest risk (OR = 4.19; 95% CI = 1.45–12.25; P = 0.004). In multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis, a four locus model (GSTP1, P53, EPHX1 exon3, and CYP1A12A) was the best predictor model for ALL risk. The association between this model and ALL risk remained true even at low prior probabilities of 0.01% (false positive report probability = 0.05). Interaction entropy interpretations of the best model of ALL revealed that two‐way interactions were mostly synergistic. These results suggest that high order gene–gene interactions play an important role in AL risk. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献